A=14N (1976AJ04)

In reaction (a) E_γ = 1631.3 ± 1.3 [3.95 → 2.31], 4913.8 ± 3.0 [4.92 → g.s.], 3883.0 ± 1.9 [6.20 → 2.31] and 6443.7 ± 1.8 keV [6.44 → g.s.] have been observed [transitions shown in brackets]. The τ_m of ¹⁴N*(6.44) is 620 ± 80 fsec [see also Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS)] (1969TH01). For reaction (b) see (1957NO17).

2. ¹⁰B(α, n)¹³N Q_m = 1.060 E_b = 11.6134

Recent measurements have been carried out at E_α = 1.0 to 5.0 MeV (1973VA25: n₀, n₁, n₂₊₃) and at 2.0 to 7.0 MeV (1975WI04: n₀). Observed resonances in these and in previous experiments are displayed in Table 14.14 (in PDF or PS). See also reaction 3.

3. ¹⁰B(α, p)¹³C Q_m = 4.0627 E_b = 11.6134

Excitation functions have been measured to E_α = 26 MeV: see (1970AJ04) for a listing of the earlier references and (1975WI04: E_α = 2.0 to 10.7 MeV (p₀), to 7.5 MeV (p₁) and to 8 MeV (p₂, p₃); see also reaction 2). Observed resonances are displayed in Table 14.14 (in PDF or PS). (1975WI04) has expanded the angular distributions of the p₀ → ₃ groups into Legendre polynomials and fitted the coefficients at the resonances corresponding to ¹⁴N*(13.16, 13.24, 13.67, 13.76) obtaining J^π = 1⁺, 2^-, 2 or 3⁺, and 1, respectively, for these states. (1975WI04) also finds that a surprising proportion of states have a higher cross section for neutron than for proton emission: the fluctuations of σ_n/σ_p at low E_α suggest sizable isospin impurities in the ¹⁴N states (1975WI04).

4. ¹⁰B(α, d)¹²C Q_m = 1.3409 E_b = 11.6134

Excitation curves have been measured for E_α up to 27 MeV: see (1970AJ04) for the earlier references and (1975SP04: E_α = 18 to 27 MeV; yields of 12.7 and 15.1 MeV γ). The low-energy resonances (E_d < 2.2 MeV) are exhibited in Table 14.14 (in PDF or PS). At the higher energies the yield curves are fairly smooth (see (1967AL16, 1975SP04)), although (1975SP04) report a sharp rise in the 15.1 MeV γ-yield ≈ 1 MeV above the ¹²C*(15.1) + p + n threshold, a reaction which is not isospin forbidden.

5. (a) ¹⁰B(α, α)¹⁰B E_b = 11.6134
(b) ¹⁰B(α, ⁶Li)⁸Be Q_m = -4.552

The yield of 0.72 MeV γ-rays has been measured for E_α = 2.1 to 3.5 MeV by (1969GA01). Excitation functions for elastically scattered α-particles have been measured for E_α = 2.0 to 4.3 MeV (1973MO15) and for 5 to 30 MeV (1972DA04). In addition to two strong resonances in the α₀ yields at E_α = 2.21 and 4.26 MeV (¹⁴N*(13.19, 14.66)), two other states (¹⁴N*(13.72, 14.25)) are required to fit the data: an R-matrix calculation leads to J^π = 3⁺, 1⁺ [see, however, (1975WI04)], 3⁺ and 2^-, respectively for ¹⁴N*(13.19, 13.72, 14.25, 14.66) (1973MO15). For reaction (b) see (1974JE1A).

6. ¹⁰B(⁶Li, d)¹⁴N Q_m = 10.140

At E(⁶Li) = 5 MeV ¹⁴N*(0, 3.95, 4.92, 5.11, 5.69, 5.83, 6.20, 6.44, 7.03, 7.97, 8.49, 8.98, 9.12, 9.39, 9.70, 10.10, 10.43 (T = 1, weakly populated), 11.06) are populated ((1966MC05), and private communication). (1975FO01) have examined ¹⁴N*(9.13) in detail and conclude that it is a closely spaced doublet of which one member is populated in ¹³C(p, γ) and has been assigned J^π = 2^-, and the other member, populated here, has J^π = 3⁺. This assignment is based on a DWBA analysis of the angular distributions at E(⁶Li) = 16.5 and 21.0 MeV which shows the contributions of several L values and, in particular, L = 0. See also reaction 19. Branching ratios for the γ-decay of ¹⁴N states are displayed in Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS) (1966CA07). See also reaction 1 (1969TH01).

7. ¹⁰B(⁷Li, t)¹⁴N Q_m = 9.147

Triton groups corresponding to a number of ¹⁴N states have been observed at E(⁷Li) = 5 MeV: see (1966MC05) and reaction 6. See also (1974KO1G).

8. (a) ¹¹B(³He, γ)¹⁴N Q_m = 20.7359 E_b = 20.7359
(b) ¹¹B(³He, n)¹³N Q_m = 10.182
(c) ¹¹B(³He, p)¹³C Q_m = 13.1852
(d) ¹¹B(³He, d)¹²C Q_m = 10.4634
(e) ¹¹B(³He, t)¹¹C Q_m = -2.001
(f) ¹¹B(³He, ³He)¹¹B
(g) ¹¹B(³He, α)¹⁰B Q_m = 9.1225
(h) ¹¹B(³He, ⁶Li)⁸Be Q_m = 4.570

The capture γ-rays (reaction (a)) have been studied at E(³He) = 0.9 to 2.6 MeV (1970BL10: γ₀; θ = 0° and 90°) and 1.5 to 5.8 MeV (γ₀) and 2.0 to 5.8 MeV (γ₁) (1973MA1W: 90°). When the barrier penetration factor has been removed the low-energy work shows a single resonance at E(³He) ≈ 1.4 MeV (¹⁴N*(21.8)), Γ_c.m. = 0.65 MeV (1970BL10). (1973MA1W: prelim. results) report two broad resonances at E_x = 23.4 and 25.0 MeV in the γ₀ yield and at 24.0 MeV in the γ₁ yield.

The excitation function at 0° in the range E(³He) = 1.5 to 5.6 MeV for n₀ (reaction (b)) shows a broad peak at E(³He) = 4.15 MeV which may indicate the existence of a ¹⁴N state at E_x ≈ 24.0 MeV, Γ ≈ 1 MeV (1966DI04). The excitation function for reaction (b) has also been measured for E(³He) = 6 to 18 MeV (1967HA20).

Yield curves for protons (reaction (c)) have been measured for E(³He) = 3.0 to 5.5 MeV (p₀, p₁, p₁ + p₂ + p₃): they are rather featureless (1959HO01). This is also true for the ground state deuterons of reaction (d) in the same energy interval (1959HO01). Yield curves for reaction (e) have been measured for E(³He) = 6 to 18 MeV (1967HA20) and 10 to 30 MeV (1965BR42). See also ¹³C and ¹³N. For reactions (d, e, f) see ¹²C, ¹¹C and ¹¹B in (1975AJ02).

The excitation functions for α-particle groups (reaction (g)) have been measured for E(³He) = 0.9 to 2.15 MeV (1966LO15: α₀ → α₄) and 2.2 to 5.5 MeV (1965FO06: α₀ → α₃). No significant resonance behavior is seen except for the α₂ group which, in the 15° excitation function, exhibits a resonance at E(³He) = 4 MeV, Γ ≈ 1 MeV (1965FO06). See also ¹⁰B in (1974AJ01).

The excitation function for reaction (h) to ⁶Li_g.s. + ⁸Be_g.s. has been measured for E(³He) = 1.4 to 5.8 MeV: no pronounced structure is observed (1967YO02). At E(³He) = 25.20 to 26.25 MeV the excitation functions for the transitions to ⁸Be*(0, 16.63, 16.91, 17.64) are smooth, indicating a predominantly direct reaction mechanism (1974DE25).

9. ¹¹B(α, n)¹⁴N Q_m = 0.1574

Angular distributions have been measured for E_α to 13.9 MeV [see (1970AJ04) for the earlier references], E_α = 3.7 to 7.9 MeV (1975VA06: n₀, n₁, n₂) and at E_α = 12.6 to 14.8 MeV (1972CI01, 1973CI02: n₀).

10. ¹¹B(⁶Li, t)¹⁴N Q_m = 4.9413

See (1970AJ04).

11. ¹¹B(¹¹B, ⁸Li)¹⁴N Q_m = -6.475

At E(¹¹B) = 114 MeV the relatively strongly populated states are ¹⁴N*(5.83, 8.96, 12.8) [J^π = 3^-, 5⁺ and 4⁺, respectively] (1974AN36).

12. ¹²C(d, γ)¹⁴N Q_m = 10.2725

At E_d = 1.5 MeV the capture cross section is < 1 μb (1955AL16). The yield of γ₀ is nearly flat from E_d = 9 to 11.7 MeV and then exhibits broad resonance structures at E_d = 12.10 and ≈ 12.8 MeV, with Γ = 0.5 ± 0.1 and 1.5 - 2 MeV, respectively [¹⁴N*(20.6, 21.2)]. The γ₁ and γ₂ yields have also been measured [1972DI1B: prelim. results].

13. (a) ¹²C(d, n)¹³N Q_m = -0.281 E_b = 10.2725
(b) ¹²C(d, p)¹³C Q_m = 2.7218

Resonances in the yields of neutrons and protons are displayed in Table 14.15 (in PDF or PS). Recent measurements of the yields of these particles are listed in Table 14.16 (in PDF or PS). For angular distributions of neutrons see ¹³N. See also (1971MU18, 1973BI1G), (1971DU1B; theor.) and (1972LU1B, 1973WE19, 1975LE1K; applied work). For angular distributions of protons see ¹³C. See also (1971PU01, 1973BE25) and (1971DU1B, 1974ST05, 1975GR12, 1975MO1L; theor.). For spallation measurements see (1971BA70, 1971JA02, 1975FU01).

Polarization measurements are summarized in Table 14.17 (in PDF or PS) [and in Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS) (1970AJ04)]. The polarization transfer coefficient has been measured for E_d = 6 to 14 MeV for (n-bar)₀ and (n-bar)₁. The (n-bar)₀ dependence shows some influence from the compound nucleus (1974LI1K). See also (1975TE1A). For neutron polarization studies see also (1971TH1E, 1975KA26), (1971WA1D) and (1974BO51, 1974BO53, 1975BO1W; theor.). For proton polarization studies see also (1971GO1E, 1971HA1R) and (HA70P, 1970PE1B, 1972GO27, 1972KO30, 1972SE09, 1974BO52, 1974SA11, 1974SA20, 1975SE07; theor.).

14. ¹²C(d, d)¹²C E_b = 10.2725

Reported resonances are displayed in Table 14.15 (in PDF or PS). Recent measurements of yields of d₀ are listed in Table 14.16 (in PDF or PS). For a discussion of the relative yields of ¹²C*(12.7, 15.1) see ¹²C in (1975AJ02). See also (1970VE06, 1971PU01, 1971ZA04, 1975JA1A) and (1969IW1A, 1969KO1B, 1970SO11, 1974IN07, 1974ST05, 1975GU10; theor.). The (d, np) processes are discussed in reaction 38 of ¹³C and in reaction 21 of ¹³N.

15. ¹²C(d, t)¹¹C Q_m = -12.464 E_b = 10.2725

The cross section rises from ≈ 0.1 mb at E_d = 16 MeV to ≈ 10 mb at 20 MeV (1955WI43).

16. ¹²C(d, α)¹⁰B Q_m = -1.3409 E_b = 10.2725

Reported resonances are displayed in Table 14.15 (in PDF or PS). Recent measurements of the yields of α-groups are listed in Table 14.16 (in PDF or PS) [see also Table 14.11 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04)]. For angular distributions see ¹⁰B in (1974AJ01).

The major interest in this reaction has been the study of the yield of the α₂ group to the J^π = 0⁺, isospin "forbidden" T = 1 state. In particular, the work of (1971RI15, 1972SM07) has shown that while the α₀, α₁ and α₃ yields show only weak fluctuations, the α₂ "forbidden" yield shows narrow resonances which implies that the source of the isospin mixing (at least in the region which they, and the subsequent work of (1974JO01) studied: E_d = 7.2 to 16 MeV) is due to states in the ¹⁴N compound nucleus. The ratio of the σ_t for the α₂ group compared to the σ_t for the "allowed" groups is ≈ 1%, an order of magnitude greater than predicted by direct or multistep processes (1972SM07). Partial wave analyses lead to the resonance parameters shown in Table 14.15 (in PDF or PS) (1972SM07, 1974JO01). For an earlier discussion of these problems see (1970AJ04). See also (1970WE03).

17. (a) ¹²C(d, ⁶Li)⁸Be Q_m = -5.893 E_b = 10.2725
(b) ¹²C(d, ⁷Li)⁷Be Q_m = -17.543

For reaction (a) see (1970AN1E) and ⁸Be in (1974AJ01). For reaction (b) see (1975FU01) and ⁷Be in (1974AJ01).

18. ¹²C(t, n)¹⁴N Q_m = 4.0149

Angular distributions have been measured at E_t = 1.12 to 1.68 MeV (1971MA46: n₀, n₁, n₂) and at 8 MeV (1972CO01: to ¹⁴N states with E_x < 8.7 MeV). In the latter experiment L-assignments are suggested (1972CO01). For τ_m measurements see Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS) (1968AL12).

19. ¹²C(³He, p)¹⁴N Q_m = 4.7787

Many proton groups have been observed: see Table 14.18 (in PDF or PS). Angular distributions have been measured at many energies up to E(³He) = 25.3 MeV: see (1970AJ04) for a listing of the earlier work and (1969SC1G: 2.22 - 3.60 MeV; p₀, p₁, p₂), (1970CL1D: 3.0 to 4.05 MeV; p₀, p₁, p₂), (1971DU03: 11.95 MeV; to states shown in Table 14.18 (in PDF or PS)) and (1972BR60: 13.3 MeV; to states with E_x < 8.7 MeV). The reaction mechanism involves the compound nucleus, at least for E(³He) <12 MeV: see (1973HE09, 1973SO04) and ¹⁵O.

Extensive studies of p'γ and p'p correlations (the latter from ¹²C(³He, p')¹⁴N*(p)¹³C_g.s.) have led to the confirmation and determination of J^π of many of the unbound states [see Table 14.18 (in PDF or PS) and (1972NO08, 1974NO01, 1974NO1G)] and of Γ_γ/Γ [see Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS) and (1972BA56, 1972NO08)]. Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS) also displays branching ratios and radiative widths studied earlier. These studies led to J^π = 0^- or 1^- for ¹⁴N*(4.92), J^π = 2^- for ¹⁴N*(5.11), odd parity for ¹⁴N*(5.83), even parity for ¹⁴N*(6.20, 6.44), J = 2 for ¹⁴N*(7.03): see (1970AJ04) for a fuller discussion and a listing of the relevant references. For τ_m measurements see Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS) (1970AJ04, 1973HA40). (1973BEVW) find 0.5 ≤ |g| ≤ 0.85 for the 3^- state ¹⁴N*(5.83). See also (1970CA28), (1970AN1D) and (1970LK1A, 1973LI15, 1974GR39, 1974NE18; theor.).

20. ¹²C(α, d)¹⁴N Q_m = -13.5751

Angular distributions of deuterons corresponding to T = 0 states in ¹⁴N have been measured at E_α = 42 to 55 MeV: see Table 14.19 (in PDF or PS) and (1970AJ04) for a listing of the references. The deuteron spectrum is dominated by very strong groups corresponding to the (d_5/2)², J^π = 5⁺, state at 8.96 MeV, and to a state at 15.1 MeV (1962HA40, 1966RI04). See also (1974VAZK, 1975VA1H), (1970AN1D) and (1971BU1K; theor.).

21. ¹²C(⁶Li, α)¹⁴N Q_m = 8.7987

At E(⁶Li) = 20 MeV, α-groups corresponding to most of the T = 0 states with E_x < 12.7 MeV are reported: see Table 14.19 (in PDF or PS). The spectrum is dominated by the α-group corresponding to the 5⁺ state at 9.0 MeV (1968ME10). The α₁ group to the 0⁺; T = 1 state at 2.31 MeV state has an intensity (< 3% of α₀) which decreases sharply from E(⁶Li) = 4 to 5.5 MeV, while the intensities of the α₀ and α₂ groups increase rapidly (1965CA06). Angular distributions of α-particles have been reported for E(⁶Li) = 2.0 to 20 MeV: see (1970AJ04) for the earlier references, (1970JO09, 1970JO1D: 5.6 to 14.0 MeV; α₀, α₂, α₃ + α₄) and (1973WH03, 1975WH03: 33 MeV; α to ¹⁴N*(0, 3.95, 4.92, 5.11, 5.69, 5.83, 6.20, 6.44)). At that energy the reaction proceeds primarily by direct interaction (1973WH03); multistep mechanisms may be very important (1975WH03). For τ_m measurements see Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS). For angular correlation measurements see (1974NO1G). See also (1971LA1B) and (1970OG1A, 1973OG1A).

22. ¹²C(⁹Be, ⁷Li)¹⁴N Q_m = -6.424

See (1969RO1G, 1970LK1A; theor.).

23. ¹²C(¹¹B, ⁹Be)¹⁴N Q_m = -5.544

At E(¹¹B) = 114 MeV the spectrum is dominated by groups to the 5⁺ state at E_x = 8.96 MeV and to one or more of the states at 12.8 MeV, presumably the 4⁺ one (1974AN36, 1975PO10). See also (1972SC1L, 1973SC1J). The angular distribution of the group to ¹⁴N*(8.96) is a smoothly varying, exponential function of angle (1975PO10): see the analyses by (1965SA07, 1975PO10). See also (1970AN1D, 1970LK1A; theor.).

24. ¹²C(¹²C, ¹⁰B)¹⁴N Q_m = -14.916

This reaction has been studied at E(¹²C) = 114 MeV: the spectrum is dominated by ¹⁴N*(8.96) [J^π = 5⁺] but there is substantial population also of ¹⁴N*(5.83) [3^-] and of a state at E_x = 11.2 MeV (1974AN36). See also (1971SC1F, 1972SC1L, 1972SC21).

25. ¹²C(¹⁸F, ¹⁶O)¹⁴N Q_m = 2.746

See (1968RO1D; theor.).

26. (a) ¹³C(p, γ)¹⁴N Q_m = 7.5507
(b) ¹³C(p, p'γ)¹³C E_b = 7.5507

Observed resonances are displayed in Table 14.20 (in PDF or PS). The decay schemes of various levels of ¹⁴N, as derived from the γ-spectra in this and other reactions, are exhibited in Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS) [see (1970AJ04) for the earlier references and see (1972RE10)]. For the τ_m of bound ¹⁴N states see Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS) (1971BI03, 1972RE10).

The low-energy capture cross-section yields an extrapolated S-factor at E_p = 25 keV (c.m.), S₀ = 6.0 ± 0.8 keV · b (1960HE14). See also (1970AJ04) and (1971BA1A, 1972CA1N, 1973CL1E, 1973TR1E; astrophys. considerations). The capture cross section rises from (7.7 ± 1.8) × 10^-10 b at E_p = 100 keV to (9.8 ± 1.2) × 10^-9 b at E_p = 140 keV (1961HE02).

Following is a summary of the reasons for the assignments of J^π; T to some of the lower resonances displayed in Table 14.20 (in PDF or PS): for a fuller discussion and complete references see (1970AJ04) and see Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS). ¹⁴N*(7.97): angular distribution of the γ-rays is consistent with J^π = 2^-. ¹⁴N*(8.06): width of resonance, isotropy of γ-rays show l_p = 0: J^π = 1^- from ¹³C(p, p); E1 transition to g.s. is uninhibited, e.g., T = 1 [but 1.4% 8.06 → 2.3 transition [E_x = 2312.6 ± 0.3 keV (1971BI03)] shows T = 0 admixture: α² = 0.046 (1972RE10)]. The strong transition 8.06 → 5.69 [3.5% (1972RE10)] permits either E1 or M1, ΔT = 1. Since 5.69 → 2.31 is seen ¹⁴N*(5.69) cannot have J^π = 0⁺, and 2⁺ is excluded by the strength of the 8.62 → 5.69 transition. It is then J^π = 1^-; T = 0 [the isospin mixing α² = 0.09 (1972RE10)]; E_x = 5690.5 ± 1.5 keV (1971BI03). ¹⁴N*(8.49, 8.96, 9.13) correspond to anomalies in the cross section. The nature of their γ-decays [see Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS)] and the angular distribution leads to J^π = 4^-, 5⁺ and 2^-; T = 0, 0 and 0, respectively (1965DE19). However, work by (1975FO01) in ¹⁰B(⁶Li, d) shows that ¹⁴N*(9.13) is a doublet: the state populated in reaction 6 has J^π = 3⁺. The structure at E_p = 1.70 MeV will therefore have to be reanalyzed.

¹⁴N*(8.62) [J^π = 0⁺ from ¹³C(p, p)] shows strong transitions to ¹⁴N*(0, 3.95, 5.69): T = 1 (1959WA16). The strength of the 8.62 → 3.95 decay shows it is dipole and therefore J = 1 for ¹⁴N*(3.95) (1959WA04) [E_x = 3947.6 ± 0.4 keV (1971BI03)]. The strength of the transition 8.62 → 6.21 and the angular correlation 8.62 → 6.21 → g.s. is consistent with J^π = 1⁺; T = 0 for ¹⁴N*(6.20) [E_x = 6203.7 ± 0.6 keV (1971BI03)]. ¹⁴N*(8.79) [J^π = 0^- from ¹³C(p, p)] has a large Γ_γ consistent with E1 and T = 1. ¹⁴N*(9.17): angular correlation and angular distribution measurements indicate J^π = 2⁺ for that state, 3^- for ¹⁴N*(6.44) [see, however, Table 14.11 (in PDF or PS)] and J = 2 for ¹⁴N*(7.03).

The angular distribution of the γ-rays from 10.23 → 2.31 is consistent with J^π = 1⁺ for ¹⁴N*(10.23): T = 0 from M²(M1) (1963RO17) [see, however, Table 14.11 (in PDF or PS)]. The γ₀ angular distribution is consistent with J = 2 for ¹⁴N*(10.43): the similar decay characteristics of this state and of ¹⁴N*(9.17) suggest that they are both J^π = 2⁺; T = 1 (1964RO03).

Below E_p = 5.5 MeV only γ₀ can be observed in the capture radiation. (1971RI13) have observed a number of resonances in the γ₀ yield and in the yield of the ground state γ-rays from ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68, 3.85): these are shown in Table 14.20 (in PDF or PS) in the range E_p = 3.7 to 6.6 MeV [see reaction 25 in (1970AJ04) for the earlier work]. Angular distributions and measurements of Γ_γ₀ lead to the J^π values shown. Above E_p = 7 MeV the γ₀ yield shows broad structure and the giant dipole resonance at E_x = 22.5 and 23.0 MeV (1971RI13). Measurements by (1975PA18) of the γ₀ and γ₁ 90° yields for E_x = 23 to 33 MeV show that the J^π = 1^-; T = 0 giant dipole resonance is concentrated between E_x = 15 and 23 MeV, that the T = 2 resonances reported by (1971RI13) at E_x = 23.7 and 24.2 MeV do not exist, and that there is no evidence for the T = 2 GDR between E_x = 25 and 29 MeV (1975PA18). The 90° yields of γ-rays to T = 0 states (4.9 < E_x < 5.9 MeV) and to T = 1 states (8.0 < E_x < 9.5 MeV) have been measured for E_x = 23 and 26 MeV, respectively, to E_x = 33 MeV; the former is quite constant at ≈ 4 μb/sr, the latter slowly rises to a value of ≈ 2 μb/sr: by comparison the γ₁ yield is ≈ 1 μb/sr (1975PA18). See also (1970SI1E, 1973BE1R), (1973SU1E) and (1975VE01; theor.).

27. ¹³C(p, p)¹³C E_b = 7.5507

The elastic scattering has been studied for E_p = 0.14 to 11 MeV (see (1970AJ04) for a listing of the older work) and at E_p = 4.6 to 5.3 MeV (1974GM01: also p₁ → p₃). For observed resonances see Table 14.20 (in PDF or PS); for angular distributions see ¹³C. Polarization measurements for the p₀ group have been carried out at 7, 14.5 and 32.9 MeV (see (1970AJ04)) and at E_p = 30.4 MeV (1972GR02; also for p₁). For spallation measurements see (1973RA37).

28. ¹³C(p, n)¹³N Q_m = -3.003 E_b = 7.5507

The yield of neutrons has been measured from threshold to E_p = 13.7 MeV: see (1970AJ04). Observed resonances are displayed in Table 14.21 (in PDF or PS) (1959GI47, 1961DA09). The ratio of the reaction cross section at E_p = 22.8 MeV to the n₀ yield is 1.06 ± 0.07: thus there is little competition of γ-rays from excited states of ¹³N with neutron emission making this a convenient fast neutron calibration source (1975LI11). Polarization measurements are reported for E_p = 6.9 to 12.3 MeV (1965WA02: n₀) and 7 to 15 MeV (1974LI1J). See also ¹³N and (1971GE12; theor.).

29. ¹³C(p, d)¹²C Q_m = -2.7218 E_b = 7.5507

A polarization measurement has been reported at E_p = 7 MeV by (1969GU02). See also (1970AJ04) and ¹²C in (1975AJ02).

30. (a) ¹³C(p, t)¹¹C Q_m = -15.1861 E_b = 7.5507
(b) ¹³C(p, ³He)¹¹B Q_m = -13.1852

At E_p = 49.6 MeV polarization measurements have been carried out for the tritons and ³He ions to the mirror groups ¹¹B*(0, 2.12, 4.45, 5.02, 6.74, 12.91) and ¹¹C*(0, 2.00, 4.32, 4.80, 6.48, 12.50) (1974MA12). Integrated cross sections for populating the first four states in ¹¹B and ¹¹C have been measured at several energies in the range E_p = 26.8 to 43.1 MeV (1975MI01). See also ¹¹B and ¹¹C in (1975AJ02).

31. ¹³C(p, α)¹⁰B Q_m = -4.0627 E_b = 7.5507

Excitation functions have been measured from E_p = 5.5 (α₀), 6.0 (α₁), 7.0 (α₂), 8.0 (α₃), 10 (α₄), 11 (α to ¹⁰B*(5.11)) to 18 MeV. Total cross sections have also been obtained for the production of ⁶Li, ⁹Be and ¹⁰B: the latter shows a great deal of structure. The consequences for astrophysical problems are discussed by (1975OB01).

32. ¹³C(d, n)¹⁴N Q_m = 5.3260

Observed neutron groups are displayed in Table 14.22 (in PDF or PS). Angular distributions have been reported at many energies up to E_d = 12 MeV: see (1970AJ04) for the earlier references and (1973BO10: E_d = 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 MeV; to states shown in Table 14.22 (in PDF or PS)), (1975BO35: E_d = 6.5 MeV; to states in Table 14.22 (in PDF or PS)). Comparison of relative spectroscopic factors obtained in this reaction and in reaction 32 are shown in Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS): it appears that S_rel for ¹⁴N*(2.31) [T = 1] is smaller in this reaction than in the (³He, d) reaction although simple DWBA calculations would suggest that the factors would be the same in both proton pickup reactions. The τ · T terms appears to be energy dependent: see Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) (1968CO24).

Observed γ-rays attributed to transitions in ¹⁴N are shown in Table 14.20 (in PDF or PS) of (1970AJ04): see Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS) here for a general review of radiative decays in ¹⁴N. The angular correlation of internal pairs conclusively establish the parities of ¹⁴N*(4.92, 5.11, 5.69) as odd (1964WA05). For τ_m measurements see Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS) (1974RU1B). See also (1972RE1C) and ¹⁵N.

33. ¹³C(³He, d)¹⁴N Q_m = 2.0569

Angular distributions have been studied at E(³He) = 13 and 17 MeV (1966SI02: d₀, d₁, d₂) and 15 MeV (1966HO15, 1969HO23, 1971FO05: see Table 14.22 (in PDF or PS)). Relative spectroscopic factors are displayed in Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) and compared with those from ¹³C(d, n)¹⁴N. See also (1967SP09) and (1970BO1K, 1971DZ07; theor.).

34. ¹³C(α, t)¹⁴N Q_m = -12.2640

Angular distributions have been measured at E_α = 27 MeV for the α-groups to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95, 4.92, 5.11): relative spectroscopic factors are 1.0, 0.2, 0.3, 4.4, 5.5 (1974KE06). See also (1974DM01; 23.2, 23.7, 25.3 MeV; t₀). [The earlier work at E_α = 46 MeV (see (1970AJ04)) has not been published.]

35. ¹³C(⁷Li, ⁶He)¹⁴N Q_m = -2.427

At E(⁷Li) = 34 MeV, angular distributions have been obtained for the transitions to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95) (1973SC26).

36. ¹³C(¹¹B, ¹⁰Be)¹⁴N Q_m = -3.679

This reaction has been studied at E(¹¹B) = 113.5 MeV (1967PO13) and 114 MeV (1974AN36). The relative population of the observed ¹⁴N states in dependent upon whether ¹⁰Be_g.s. or ¹⁰Be^*_3.37 is involved: in all cases the cross section is greater if the 2⁺ state in ¹⁰Be is populated. Difficulties are encountered in separating the two sets of ¹⁴N states: see (1974AN36).

37. ¹⁴C(β^-)¹⁴N Q_m = 0.1561

See ¹⁴C.

38. ¹⁴C(p, n)¹⁴N Q_m = -0.6263

E_thresh. = 670.90 ± 0.09 keV (1974HI1C).

Neutron thresholds have been observed at E_p = 671.5 ± 0.5 and 3149.6 ± 1.1 keV (1956SA06) and at E_p = 4910 ± 8 keV (1960BA34) corresponding to the ground state of ¹⁴N and to excited states at 2311.9 ± 1.2 keV and 3.952 ± 0.008 MeV. Angular distributions and polarizations of the neutrons corresponding to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95) have been obtained at E_p = 6 to 14 MeV (1967WO05) and 7.2 to 13.3 MeV (1971WO03), respectively. The angular distributions for the ground state transition require a tensor interaction: the results are consistent with a tensor strength which is not energy dependent. The polarization measurements for the 1⁺ states do not clearly favor a tensor component in the effective two-body force (1967WO05, 1971WO03). See also ¹⁵N and (1969SC1H, 1972AU1A; theor.).

39. (a) ¹⁴C(³He, t)¹⁴N Q_m = 0.1375
(b) ¹⁴C(⁶Li, ⁶He)¹⁴N Q_m = -3.354

At E(³He) = 44.8 MeV, triton groups are observed corresponding to all the known levels of ¹⁴N with E_x < 7.1 MeV. Triton groups were also seen to unresolved states with E_x = 8.0 - 9.5 MeV, to ¹⁴N*(10.43) and to excited states with E_x = 12.49 ± 0.04, 12.83 ± 0.05 and 13.70 ± 0.04 MeV. Angular distributions were obtained for nine of the triton groups and analyzed using a local two-body interaction with an arbitrary spin-isospin exchange mixture. Dominant L = 0 transitions are found to ¹⁴N*(2.31, 3.95, 13.7), L = 1 to ¹⁴N*(5.11), L = 2 to ¹⁴N*(0, 7.03, 10.43) and L = 3 to ¹⁴N*(5.83) (1969BA06). See also reaction 47 and (1969SC1H; theor.). Angular distributions have been studied for reaction (b) for the transitions to ¹⁴N*(0, 3.95) [L = 2 and 0, respectively]: ¹⁴N*(3.95) carries at least 95% of the GT strength (1976GOZX).

40. (a) ¹⁴N(γ, n)¹³N Q_m = -10.554
(b) ¹⁴N(γ, p)¹³C Q_m = -7.5507
(c) ¹⁴N(γ, d)¹²C Q_m = -10.2725
(d) ¹⁴N(γ, pn)¹²C Q_m = -12.4971
(e) ¹⁴N(γ, α)¹⁰B Q_m = -11.6134
(f) ¹⁴N(γ, nα)⁹B Q_m = -20.049
(g) ¹⁴N(γ, pα)⁹Be Q_m = -18.199

The total absorption over the range E_γ = 9 to 31 MeV is dominated by a single peak at 22.5 MeV [estimated σ ≈ 29 mb, Γ ≈ 2 - 3 MeV] and appreciable strength extending beyond 30 MeV. The cross section cannot be accounted for solely by the (γ, n) and (γ, p₀) processes: particle unstable excited states of ¹³C, ¹³N are involved (1969BE92). The combined (γ, n) and (γ, pn) cross section begins to rise rapidly above 18 MeV, reaches its maximum value of 15 mb at 23.3 MeV and exhibits structure at about 19, 20.5 and 26 MeV. The main peak [Γ ≈ 3.5 MeV: see (1970AJ04)] at 23.3 MeV appears to be split into two absorption levels (1970BE54, 1975BE60, 1975BE1F: monoenergetic photons). Maxima reported in other experiments and "breaks" in the (γ, n) activation curve are listed in (1970AJ04). See also (1968KA38, 1971FR11, 1971KA70).

The (γ, p₀) and (γ, p₂) cross sections and angular distributions have been measured in the giant resonance region by (1972CA34, 1974BA37). The authors infer that the giant dipole states [(p_3/2)^-1(2s1d)] which decay by p₀ emission to ¹³C*(3.68) carry ≈ 90% of the E1 strength and do not contribute substantially to the (γ, p₀) process which is populated by (p_1/2)^-1(2s1d) giant dipole states. Above E_γ = 22 MeV d-wave emission from 2^- states appears to dominate the (γ, p₀) cross section (1972CA34, 1974BA37). For reaction (d) see (1970SH06, 1972GE11) and ¹³C. For reactions (d, e, f, g) see (1970AJ04). See also (1972BU1J, 1973DI1C, 1975BR1F) and (1969ER1A, 1971AN08, 1972GO23, 1973KI05; theor.).

41. ¹⁴N(γ, γ)¹⁴N

Absorption measurements have led to the determination of τ_m (see Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS)) and of Γ_γ (see Tables 14.12 (in PDF or PS) and 14.24 (in PDF or PS)): see the references in (1970AJ04) and the newer work by (1974RAZD, 1975RA22). (1966SW01) find E_x = 7029 ± 6 keV for ¹⁴N*(7.03): the angular distribution of the γ-rays is consistent with J = 2.

42. ¹⁴N(e, e')¹⁴N*

The r.m.s. radius of ¹⁴N is given as 2.540 ± 0.020 fm (1973FE13, 1975SC18). See also (1971BE25: 2.493 ± 0.033 fm), (1970DA20: 2.64 fm), (1970AJ04) and (1969BE21, 1970BR1C, 1973TH1B). Form factors have been determined at E_e = 60.7 to 122.0 MeV for ¹⁴N*(2.31, 3.95, 4.92, 5.11, 5.69, 5.83): the reduced transition probabilities for these states, in single-particle units, are, respectively, 0.065 ± 0.020, 1.70 ± 0.14, (1.1 ± 0.5) × 10^-7, 4.1 ± 1.0, (3.8 ± 2.1) × 10^-8 and 6.1 ± 1.3 (1974EN01). Inelastic scattering (at θ = 180°) gives evidence for the excitation of ¹⁴N*(8.91, 9.17, 10.43): the Γ_γ₀ are given in Table 14.24 (in PDF or PS) (1962ED02, 1963BA19, 1968CL05). In addition (1968CL05) report the excitation of a state with E_x = 11.01 ± 0.07 MeV. Partial Γ_γ for cascade transitions of ¹⁴N*(9.17, 10.43) are shown in Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS) (1968CL05). See also (1970AJ04), (1970BR1C, 1972THZF, 1974DE1E) and (1971BA2T, 1973GA19, 1974PE08; theor.).

43. ¹⁴N(n, n')¹⁴N*

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered neutrons are displayed in Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) of (1970AJ04). See also (1974HO1E) and (1971MI12; theor.). Observed γ-rays are shown in Table 14.25 (in PDF or PS) (1969DI1B, 1971NY03, 1972NY02). See also (1970DI1A, 1972NI05).

44. (a) ¹⁴N(p, p')¹⁴N*
(b) ¹⁴N(p, 2p)¹³C Q_m = -7.5507
(c) ¹⁴N(p, pd)¹²C Q_m = -10.2725

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered protons have been measured and analyzed at a number of energies up to E_p = 155 MeV: see Tables 14.26 (in PDF or PS) here and 14.23 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04).

Compound nucleus effects are appreciable below E_p = 15 MeV (1973HA54). The inclusion of a tensor term is necessary in the analysis of the distribution of the p₁ group (to ¹⁴N*(2.31) [J^π = 0⁺; T = 1]): see (1970CR03, 1973AU1E, 1973HA54). See also ¹⁵O and (1971ES1A). Observed inelastic proton groups are shown in Table 14.27 (in PDF or PS). See also (1969SC1H, 1970SA06, 1971MC15, 1972AU1A, 1973KA04, 1974OD01; theor.).

Reaction (b) at E_p = 19 MeV proceeds at least in part through an intermediate state in ¹⁴N at E_x ≈ 11.2 MeV (1965DE21). See also (1970WE09, 1970WE1J) in ¹³C, (1971LO25) and (1972JA1C; theor.). For reaction (c) see (1970AJ04).

45. ¹⁴N(d, d')¹⁴N*

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered deuterons have been obtained for E_d up to 52 MeV: see Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04) and (1967FL10: E_d = 2.01 to 5.50 MeV; d₀), (1970DU04: E_d = 5.47 (d₁) and 6.37 (d₂) to 10.16 MeV), (1974JA25: E_d = 10.02, 12.02 MeV: d₀, very accurate, at a few angles) and (1974BU06: E_d = 15 MeV; d₀). Inelastic deuteron groups are discussed in Table 14.27 (in PDF or PS). The deuteron group to the 0⁺; T = 1 state ¹⁴N*(2.31) is isospin forbidden: its intensity is 1 - 3% of the deuteron group to ¹⁴N*(3.95) for E_d = 7.1 to 10.2 MeV (1970DU04). The deuteron group to ¹⁴N*(8.06) [T = 1] is not observed: see Table 14.27 (in PDF or PS). See also (1970AJ04), ¹⁶O in (1971AJ02, 1977AJ02), (1970PI1A) and (1970ME25, 1971SI24, 1972DM01, 1972FO07, 1973FA1J, 1975GU10; theor.).

46. ¹⁴N(t, t)¹⁴N

Elastic differential cross sections have been measured at four angles at E_t = 20.03 MeV (1974JA25). See also (1973FA1J; theor.).

47. ¹⁴N(³He, ³He')¹⁴N*

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered ³He ions have been measured at E(³He) up to 44.6 MeV: see Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04) and (1970KN01: 4.5, 7.0 MeV; elastic).

At E(³He) = 44.6 MeV, twelve ³He groups are reported corresponding to states in ¹⁴N: see Table 14.27 (in PDF or PS) (1969BA06). The angular distributions were analyzed using a local two-body interaction with an arbitrary spin-isospin exchange mixture. A comparison of the cross sections of the reactions ¹⁴N(³He, t)¹⁴O_g.s., ¹⁴N(³He, ³He')¹⁴N*(2.31) and ¹⁴C(³He, t)¹⁴N(0) [which all correspond to transitions between identical initial and final states] shows that they are roughly equal, as would be expected from charge independence, once detailed-balance, isospin coupling and phase-space corrections have been applied (1969BA06). See also (1973FA1J; theor.).

48. (a) ¹⁴N(α, α')¹⁴N*
(b) ¹⁴N(α, αp)¹³C Q_m = -7.5507
(c) ¹⁴N(α, αd)¹²C Q_m = -10.2725

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered α-particles have been measured for E_α = 11 to 104 MeV: see Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04) for the earlier references and (1969FE10, 1970AG08: E_α = 19.8 - 23.1 MeV; α₀), (1970GA25, 1971GA44: 21.7 MeV; α₀, α₂, α₃₊₄, α₅₊₆, α₇₊₈, α₉), (1972KU19: 26.6 MeV; α₀), (1972LO08: 29.98 MeV; α₀) and (1970HA1G: 104 MeV; α₀). See also (1972OE01, 1974YOZO). See Table 14.27 (in PDF or PS) for the observed α-groups. Generally the intensity of the α₁ group is weak, typically a few percent of the α₀ or α₂ groups: see (1959AJ76, 1966HA19). See also (1970CH1D).

Reduced transition probabilities are reported by (1966HA19): B(E2)(↓)/e² = 6.5 and 3.3 fm⁴, respectively for ¹⁴N*(3.95, 7.03); B(E3)(↓)/e² = 40 and 60 fm⁶, respectively for ¹⁴N*(5.11, 5.83). See also (1970AJ04) and ¹⁸F in (1972AJ02, 1978AJ03). See also (1974HA1C) and (1971MU1H, 1972DM01, 1972RA34, 1973FA1J; theor.).

49. ¹⁴N(⁶Li, ⁶Li)¹⁴N

The angular distribution involving ⁶Li_g.s. + ¹⁴N_g.s. has been measured at E(⁶Li) = 32 MeV by (1971GR44, 1971ZE1C). See also (1974FL1A).

50. ¹⁴N(⁹Be, ⁹Be)¹⁴N

See ⁹Be in (1974AJ01).

51. (a) ¹⁴N(¹⁰B, ¹⁰B)¹⁴N
(b) ¹⁴N(¹¹B, ¹¹B)¹⁴N

The elastic angular distribution has been measured at E(¹⁰B) = 100 MeV (1975NA15). For reaction (a) see also (1970IS1A). The elastic scattering angular distributions (reaction (b)) have been studied at E(¹⁴N) = 41, 77 and 113 MeV (1971LI11).

52. ¹⁴N(¹²C, ¹²C)¹⁴N

Elastic angular distributions have been measured at E(¹⁴N) = 21.3 MeV (1971VO01), 22.5 MeV (1969HE06), 65, 84 and 88 MeV (1971KO11, 1974KO38, 1975KO06), 78 MeV (1970VO02: and ¹²C*(4.4)), 118 MeV (1974AN36: and ¹²C*(4.4)), and 155 MeV (1974BI1E, 1975NA11, 1975NA15: and various ¹²C states). See also (1975ZE1C) and (1975MO23, 1975RA33, 1975VO1B; theor.). At E(¹⁴N) = 155 MeV the selective population of certain ¹⁴N states is observed and angular distributions are reported for the transitions to ¹⁴N*(0, 8.96, 12.7) (1975NA11).

For yield measurements see (1974JO1J, 1974ST1N, 1975ZE1C), (1972SC1L), (1972MA74, 1974GA1L, 1975DE09; theor.) and ¹²C in (1975AJ02).

53. (a) ¹⁴N(¹³C, ¹³C)¹⁴N
(b) ¹⁴N(¹⁴C, ¹⁴C)¹⁴N

The elastic angular distribution has been measured at E(¹⁴N) = 19.3 MeV (1971VO01). See also (1973MC1J, 1973VO04, 1975DE09; theor.). For reaction (b) see (1971VO1D, 1971DE09, 1975VO1B; theor.).

54. ¹⁴N(¹⁴N, ¹⁴N)¹⁴N

Elastic angular distributions have been studied for E(¹⁴N) = 4.99 to 20.22 MeV (1969JA15). For yield measurements see (1969JA15, 1973GO01, 1973RE13, 1973ST1L, 1974ST1N). See also (1973ST1A) and (1972PA31, 1973KA46, 1973PA1L, 1973PA1M, 1973SC1K, 1974VE05; theor.).

55. ¹⁴N(¹⁶O, ¹⁶O)¹⁴N

Elastic angular distributions have been measured for E(¹⁴N) = 8.08 to 18.05 MeV (1969JA15), 25 MeV (1971BO1U), 79 MeV (1976MO03) and 155 MeV (1975NA15). For yield measurements see (1969JA15, 1970SI09, 1973GO01, 1974ST1N). See also (1973KA46, 1974BA40, 1975MO23, 1975VO1B; theor.).

56. ¹⁴O(β⁺)¹⁴N Q_m = 5.1448

The decay proceeds almost entirely to the J^π = 0⁺; T = 1 state of ¹⁴N at 2.31 MeV: see ¹⁴O. Measurement of the γ-ray energy from the decay of ¹⁴N*(2.31) leads to E_x = 2312.87 ± 0.10 keV (1968FR08), 2312.89 ± 0.10 keV (1967CH19). See also reaction 1 in ¹⁴O.

57. ¹⁵N(p, d)¹⁴N Q_m = -8.6094

Angular distributions have been obtained for the deuterons corresponding to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95) (1961BE12: E_p = 18.6 MeV) and to ¹⁴N*(0 - 8.06, 8.62, 8.91, 8.96 + 8.98, 9.17 - 10.43, 10.81, 11.05, 11.24 + 11.29, 11.36 - 11.66, 11.75, 11.95, 12.20, 12.50, 12.61, 12.79 + 12.82, 13.17 + 13.24, 13.71 + 13.72) (1969SN04, 1969SN1B: E_p = 39.8 MeV). Spectroscopic factors were extracted by DWBA analysis of the l_n = 1 pickup angular distributions. Γ = 210 ± 30 keV for ¹⁴N*(13.71). Weak deuteron groups to ¹⁴N states at E_x = 6.70, 7.40 and 7.60 MeV are reported [see, however, Table 14.11 (in PDF or PS)] (1969SN04). See also (1972PA1A).

58. ¹⁵N(d, t)¹⁴N Q_m = -4.5761

Not reported.

59. ¹⁵N(³He, α)¹⁴N Q_m = 9.7448

Observed states in ¹⁴N are displayed in Table 14.28 (in PDF or PS) together with the derived spectroscopic factors (1966BA13, 1970BO21). See also (1962CL12, 1969HO23, 1974HO1M).

60. ¹⁵N(¹³C, ¹⁴C)¹⁴N Q_m = -2.657

At E(¹⁵N) = 30, 32 and 45 MeV the angular distributions involving ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31) have been studied: they are symmetric about 90° for the transition to the T = 1 analog state ¹⁴N*(2.31) (1975GA17).

61. ¹⁶O(π^-, 2n)¹⁴N Q_m = 155.825

At E_π^- = 230 MeV, γ-rays from the population of ¹⁴N*(2.31, 3.95, 5.11, 5.83) are observed (1974LI15). See also (1971KO23).

62. ¹⁶O(n, t)¹⁴N Q_m = -14.4792

Not reported.

63. ¹⁶O(p, pd)¹⁴N Q_m = -20.7368

See (1972BO17) and (1974GO1G; theor.).

64. ¹⁶O(p, ³He)¹⁴N Q_m = -15.2430

Angular distributions have been measured at E_p = 27 MeV (1973IN05: to ¹⁴N*(2.31)), 32.2, 36.6, 43.5 MeV (1975MI01: to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95)), 39.8 MeV (1973HO10: to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95)); L = 0 + 2, 0, 0 + 2, respectively), 43.7 and 54.1 MeV (1964CE02, 1970HA23, 1971FL04, 1974MA12: to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95, 5.11, 7.03, 9.17, 11.05); some with pol. p [also observed ¹⁴N*(10.43, 12.50)] and 49.5 MeV (1970NE1B, 1970NE17: pol. p to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31)). A number of comparisons have been made of the ratio of (p, ³He) to the T = 1 state at 2.31 MeV and of (p, t) to the analog ground state of ¹⁴O: see reaction 10 in ¹⁴O. See also (1969SC1F, 1972HA1X, 1974AD1B), (1974ST16; theor.) and ¹⁷F in (1977AJ02).

65. ¹⁶O(d, α)¹⁴N Q_m = 3.1108

Angular distributions of α-particles have been measured at many energies up to E_d = 40 MeV: see Table 14.25 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04) for the earlier measurements and (1971GR2B: 0.9 - 2.0 MeV; α₀), (1970CA1C: 1.0 - 2.0 MeV; α₀), (1973JO13: 2 to 14 MeV; α₀, α₁), (1971TH03: 4.405, 4.578, 4.710 MeV; α₀), (1969AL13: 10.6 to 12.6 MeV; α₀), (1971JA04: 14.6, 15.0, 15.8 MeV; α₁) and (1974VAZK, 1975VA1H: 40 MeV; α₀, α₂). Alpha groups have been seen corresponding to most known states of ¹⁴N with E_x ≤ 11.5 MeV (1968JO07: E_d = 5 to 9 MeV) and (1974VAZK) observe ¹⁴N*(11.05).

The yield of the isospin forbidden α₁ group [to ¹⁴N*(2.31)] has been studied for E_d = 2 to 15 MeV by (1969JO09, 1973JO13): the intensity of the isospin group is strongly dependent on E_d and on the angle of observation. The α₁ reaction appears to proceed almost exclusively by a compound nuclear process and its study leads to the determination of a large number of ¹⁸F states: the average isospin impurity in ¹⁸F for 10 ≤ E_x ≤ 20 MeV is 3 - 10% (1973JO13). For further discussions see (1969DE29, 1971JA04) and (1970AJ04).

Measurements on the absolute cross sections of this reaction [E_d = 3.6 to 5.3 MeV] and its inverse [¹⁴N(α, d)¹⁶O] are consistent with the principle of detailed balance. An upper limit of 0.2% is assigned to the time-reversal non-invariant part of the reaction amplitudes (1971TH03).

See also (1967SP09), (1970FO1B; theor.) and ¹⁸F in (1978AJ03).

66. ¹⁶O(α, ⁶Li)¹⁴N Q_m = -19.2631

At E_α = 42 MeV the transitions involving (¹⁴N_g.s. and ⁶Li*(0, 3.56)), (¹⁴N*(2.31) + ⁶Li_g.s.) and (¹⁴N*(3.95) + ⁶Li_g.s.) have been studied by (1972RU03).

67. ¹⁶O(⁶Li, 2α)¹⁴N Q_m = 1.637

See (1974MI1F).

68. ¹⁶O(¹⁰B, 3α)¹⁴N Q_m = -2.823

See (1965SH10, 1965SH14).

69. ¹⁶O(¹¹B, ¹³C)¹⁴N Q_m = -2.058

See (1972KU1H; theor.).

70. ¹⁶O(¹⁶O, ¹⁸F)¹⁴N Q_m = -13.210

See (1974RO04).

71. ¹⁷O(p, α)¹⁴N Q_m = 1.193

See (1973SE02) and (1975RO20; astrophys. questions) in ¹⁸F (1978AJ03).

72. ¹⁹F(d, ⁷Li)¹⁴N Q_m = -6.122

See (1967DE03).