Information on mass chains and nuclides

3	4
5	6
7	8
9	10
11	12
13	14
15	16
17	18
19	20
Group Info
Publications
HTML
General Tables
Level Diagrams
Tables of EL's
NSR Key# Retrieval
ENSDF
Excitation Functions
Thermal N Capt.
G.S. Decays
Half-Lives Table
TUNL Dissertations
NuDat at BNL
Useful Links
Citation Examples
Home
Sitemap
Directory
Email Us

WWW TUNL

GENERAL: See also (1959AJ76) and Table 18.10 [Table of Energy Levels] (in PDF or PS).

Shell model: (1957WI1E, 1959BR1E, 1960TA1C, 1961TR1B, 1962TA1D, 1964FE02, 1964IN03, 1964PA1D, 1964YO1B, 1965BA1J, 1965DE1H, 1965GI1B, 1966BA2E, 1966BA2C, 1966HU09, 1966IN01, 1966KU05, 1966RI1F, 1967EN01, 1967EV1C, 1967FE01, 1967FL01, 1967HO11, 1967IN03, 1967KU09, 1967KU13, 1967LY02, 1967MO1J, 1967PA1K, 1967PI1B, 1967VI1B, 1967WO1C, 1968AR02, 1968BE1T, 1968BH1B, 1968CL03, 1968CO11, 1968DE1M, 1968DE13, 1968EL1C, 1968FR03, 1968GA16, 1968GU1E, 1968HA17, 1968HA1P, 1968HE1H, 1968KA1C, 1968KU1E, 1968NA09, 1968ZU02, 1969BA2F, 1969BE1T, 1969BU15, 1969KA09, 1969KU1G, 1969MA1T, 1969ME06, 1969ST1G, 1969ZU1B, 1969ZU03, 1970BA2E, 1970EL1G, 1970EL08, 1970HA49, 1970KA32, 1970TR08, 1970WA1T, 1971AR1R, 1971EL07, 1971GU21, 1971HO12, 1971JA06, 1971LO23, 1971PE1A, 1971PR16, 1971QU01, 1971WI01, 1972KA01, 1972LE1L).

Cluster, collective and deformed models: (1964KE1A, 1964MA1G, 1966PI1B, 1966RI1F, 1967FE01, 1967PA1K, 1968EL1C, 1969BA2E, 1969ZA1D, 1970BA2B, 1970WA1T, 1971AR1R, 1972LE1L).

Astrophysical questions: (1970BA1M).

Electromagnetic transitions: (1962MO1A, 1963BU11, 1966HA31, 1967IN03, 1968EL1C, 1968HA17, 1968HE1G, 1968LE02, 1969BE1T, 1969HA1F, 1969WA1C, 1970EL08, 1970HA49, 1970WA31, 1970WA1T).

Special levels: (1964KE1A, 1965GI1B, 1966HU09, 1966MI1G, 1966NA1B, 1967EN01, 1967EV1C, 1967FL01, 1967PA1K, 1967VI1B, 1968AR02, 1968BH1B, 1968CO11, 1968FR03, 1968GA16, 1968HA1P, 1968HE1G, 1968KA1C, 1968LE02, 1968NA09, 1968NO1C, 1969BA1Z, 1969BE1T, 1969CH1K, 1969EL1A, 1969FE1A, 1969HA1F, 1969KA09, 1969KA29, 1969MA1T, 1969ME06, 1969OS01, 1970EL1G, 1970EL08, 1971AR1R, 1971EL07, 1971GU21, 1971JA06, 1971PE1A, 1971PR16, 1971QU01, 1972KA01).

Other theoretical topics: (1961MA1B, 1962IN1A, 1963BU11, 1963VL1A, 1964IN03, 1964ST1B, 1965DE1H, 1965FO1E, 1965KA1B, 1966GI1A, 1966HE1E, 1966KU05, 1967FE01, 1967FL01, 1967KU13, 1967MA1B, 1967MO1J, 1967VA31, 1967WO1C, 1968BA2H, 1968BE1T, 1968DE1M, 1968EL1C, 1968GU1E, 1968JO1C, 1968KA1C, 1968KU1E, 1968LE02, 1968MU1B, 1968PE16, 1968VA24, 1969DE16, 1969GA1Q, 1969KA29, 1969MU09, 1969OS01, 1969RA28, 1969WA1F, 1970BA1Z, 1970EL08, 1970PR1D, 1971BA14, 1971BO21, 1971EL07, 1971LO23, 1971PR16, 1972DE05, 1972KA01, 1972LE1L).

Reactions involving pions: (1968BE1F).

Complex reactions involving ¹⁸F: (1965LO1D, 1966LA1G, 1967AU1B, 1967WI16, 1967WI20, 1968MO1C, 1968SH26, 1968ST1L, 1969FE04, 1969KR21, 1970BR13, 1970FA01, 1970FE05, 1970KO43, 1970KR12, 1970KR1C, 1970MO38, 1971AR02).

Ground state: (1970WA1T, 1971GU21, 1971WI01, 1972LE1L).

1. 18F(β+)18O

Qm = 1.655

The positron decay is entirely to the ground state if ¹⁸O [J^π = 0⁺; T = 1]: E_β(max) = 635 ± 2 keV (1964HO28). See also (1959AJ76). The half-life is 109.77 ± 0.05 min: see Table 18.11 (in PDF or PS). log ft = 3.554: see also (1969KA1B). The fact that the β⁺ transition to ¹⁸O(0) is allowed indicates J^π = 1⁺ for ¹⁸F(0). The ratio ε_K/β⁺ = 0.030 ± 0.002 (1956DR38). See also (1959PE1B, 1966KU1F, 1968DA1J, 1968LE02, 1970MC23, 1971BL12, 1971DE1E, 1971VA1C, 1971WI18; theor.).

2. (a) 12C(6Li, n)17F	Qm = 4.064	Eb = 13.215
(b) 12C(6Li, p)17O	Qm = 7.606
(c) 12C(6Li, d)16O	Qm = 5.688
(d) 12C(6Li, t)15O	Qm = -3.723
(e) 12C(6Li, α)14N	Qm = 8.799

Cross section measurements have been carried out in the range E(⁶Li) = 1.9 to 14.0 MeV: see Table 18.12 (in PDF or PS). The cross sections for reactions (b), (c) and (e) rise monotonically and rapidly with energy up to E(⁶Li) = 4 MeV due to Coulomb barrier effects. At higher energies, Ericson-type fluctuations are observed (1967DZ01, 1970JO09). Neither the direct reaction nor the statistical compound nucleus model alone is adequate to decsribe the data (1970JO09). The cross section for the isospin-forbidden α₁ group [to ¹⁴N*(2.31), J^π = 0⁺; T = 1] shows an energy dependence very unlike those for the α₀ and α₂ groups, charaterized by a maximum at ≈ 4 MeV, a minimum at ≈ 5 MeV, and a further rise to 6 MeV. Typically the cross section for the α₁ group is two orders of magnitude lower than those for the α₀ or α₂ groups (1965CA06, 1967DZ01). See also (1968NO1C; theor.). For angular distribution studies see ¹⁶O and ¹⁷O in (1971AJ02) and ¹⁴N in (1970AJ04).

3. 12C(7Li, n)18F

Qm = 5.964

See (1957NO17, 1961NO05) and ¹⁹F.

4. 12C(12C, 6Li)18F

Qm = -14.960

See (1962CH01).

5. 14N(α, γ)18F

Qm = 4.416

Resonances have been observed at E_α = 0.56, 1.14, 1.40, 1.53, 1.62, 2.35, 2.77 and 2.88 MeV, corresponding to ¹⁸F* = 4.85, 5.30, 5.50, 5.61, 5.68, 6.24, 6.57 and 6.65 MeV: see Table 18.13 (in PDF or PS) (1955PR1A, 1958PH37, 1968PA10, 1971CH1F, 1971CO27, 1971RO25). See also (1969AL13). Capture resonances are not observed corresponding to ¹⁸F*(4.66, 4.96), (2J + 1)Γ_αΓ_γ/Γ < 2 × 10^-5 and < 0.5 × 10^-4 eV, respectively (1971CO27).

The branching ratios for ¹⁸F*(5.30, 5.61, 5.68, 6.57) are displayed in Table 18.14 (in PDF or PS).

The sequence of the ¹⁸F states with E_x = 1.70 [J^π = 1⁺], 2.53 [2⁺], 3.36 [3⁺], 5.30 [4⁺] and 6.57 MeV [5⁺] as well as the enhanced E2 strengths of the γ-transitions show that these states can be considered to be members of a predominantly 4p-2h K^π = 1⁺ rotational band. ¹⁸F*(3.36) is found to have J = 3 (1971RO25). The M1 transitions between the J^π = 1^- states at E_x = 5.61 and 5.68 MeV and ¹⁸F*(1.08, 3.13) have |M|² between 0.1 and 1 W.u. implying T = 1 for these resonant states but both also decay by E1 transitions to the T = 1 states at E_x = 1.04 and 3.06 MeV, implying T = 0. This result is in agreement with ¹⁸F*(5.61, 5.68) both being 1^- members of a T = 0, 1 isospin doublet. The T = 1 strength is split nearly equally between the two levels (1971CH1F). See also (1967CH1J, 1967CH1K).

The non-resonant S factor for this reaction, S ≤ 1.5 × 10⁶ keV · b (1968PA10), ≈ 0.7 MeV · b (1971CO27). See also (1966IB1A, 1971CO1G).

6. 14N(α, n)17F

Qm = -4.735

Eb = 4.416

The total cross section ratios of ¹⁴N(α, n)¹⁷F(0.50)/¹⁴N(α, p)¹⁷O(0.87) were measured for E_α = 7 to 12 MeV: major maxima are observed at E_α = 8.12, 9.5, 10.07 and 11.52 MeV. Symmetric angular distributions at three of these maxima lead to J^π = (2^-), (2^-, 3) and (2^-, 3⁺) at E_x = 10.73, 12.25 and 13.36 MeV. These states are primarily T = 0 (1969SC21): see Table 18.13 (in PDF or PS).

7. 14N(α, p)17O

Qm = -1.193

Eb = 4.416

Observed resonances are displayed in Table 18.13 (in PDF or PS) (1953HE58, 1958HE54, 1958KA32). Excitation functions showing a number of structures have been measured for E_α = 10 to 25 MeV (p₀, p₁), 13 to 25 MeV (p₂) and 15 to 25 MeV (p₃) (1970ZE01). See also (1961YA02).

8. (a) 14N(α, α)14N		Eb = 4.416
(b) 14N(α, αp)13C	Qm = -7.551
(c) 14N(α, d)16O	Qm = -3.111

Observed amomalies in the elastic scattering are exhibited in Table 18.13 (in PDF or PS) (1939BR1A, 1939DE1A, 1953HE58, 1958HE54, 1958HE56, 1958KA32, 1961SI09, 1962JO14, 1970TO03). Resonances in the α₁ (isospin "forbidden") and α₂ yield are also displayed (1970TO03). See also (1966CH1E). Excitation functions have recently been reported for E_α = 1.0 to 2.4 MeV (1961SI09; α₀), 10.2 to 18.3 MeV (1970TO03; α₀, α₁, α₂), 15 to 23 MeV (1962JO14; α₀) and 18.2 to 23.5 MeV (1970CH1D; α₁). See also (1963NO1B, 1967BO1M, 1969FE10).

In the range E_α = 10.2 to 17.3 MeV compound nucleus formation dominates the α₀, α₁ and α₂ channels. The α₁ channel [to the J^π = 0⁺; T = 1 state at 2.31 MeV] displays relatively isolated resonances which imply ¹⁸F states with large isospin impurities [≈ 10 - 25%]. Comparison of this work with the results from ¹⁶O(d, α₁) [reaction 16] suggests that the same ¹⁸F states are usually involved in both reactions (1970TO03). These data do not support the suggestions by (1968NO1C, 1969NO1B) concerning the importance of direct reactions in isospin violating reactions (1970TO03). See also (1970JO1G).

For reaction (b), see (1967BE30). For spallation cross sections see (1968JA1J, 1968JU04, 1970BA48, 1970JA1Q, 1970JU05). For reaction (c), see (1971TH03) and reaction 16. See also (1970VI02) and ¹⁴N in (1970AJ04).

9. 14N(6Li, d)18F

Qm = 2.943

Angular distributions have been measured for E(⁶Li) = 5.3 to 6.0 MeV (1968RI13; d₀, d_1→4).

10. 14N(7Li, t)18F

Qm = 1.950

At E(⁷Li) = 15 MeV, triton groups are observed to the known T = 0 states with E_x < 7.4 MeV: the T = 1 states are not excited although such transitions are not forbidden in principle, suggesting a direct α-transfer mechanism. The transitions to ¹⁸F*(1.70, 2.53, 3.36, 4.23, 5.30, 6.57) account for more than one half of the summed cross section at 15°. It is proposed that these states (which are only weakly excited in ¹⁶O(³He, p)¹⁸F and ¹⁷O(³He, d)¹⁸F) are predominantly of a 4p-2h nature and are excited by transfer of four nucleons into the (2s, 1d) shell (1968MI09). [See also reaction 5]. See also (1968OG1A).

11. 15N(α, n)18F

Qm = -6.418

See (1966AD07).

12. 16O(d, γ)18F

Qm = 7.527

The capture cross section rises from 0.1 μb at E_d = 0.4 MeV to 25 μb at 3.5 MeV: Γ_γ over this range is ≈ 2 eV. The results can be interpreted satisfactorily in terms of compound nucleus formation (1965OW01). See also (1969AL13) and Table 18.16 (in PDF or PS).

13. (a) 16O(d, n)17F	Qm = -1.624	Eb = 7.527
(b) 16O(d, np)16O	Qm = -2.225

Excitation functions have been measured for the n₀ and n₁ groups from threshold to 12 MeV: see Table 18.16 (in PDF or PS) (1961DI06, 1968DI06, 1968MA1C, 1970BA31, 1970DA14, 1970LO01). Some structure is observed: that which is attributed to states in ¹⁸F is displayed in Table 18.17 (in PDF or PS) (1955MA85, 1961DI06, 1968MA1C). The coherence energy determined from the yield for E_d = 4.5 to 6.0 MeV is 70 keV for n₀ and 67 keV for n₁ (1970DA14). See also ¹⁷F in (1971AJ02). For polarization measurements see (1971AN1A, 1971TH10) and Table 18.16 (in PDF or PS).

For reaction (b) see (1968CU04).

14. 16O(d, p)17O

Qm = 1.918

Eb = 7.527

Excitation functions have been reported recently for several proton groups up to E_d = 13.0 MeV: see Table 18.16 (in PDF or PS) (1959LO59, 1961LO1C, 1962CA20, 1963AM1A, 1963SE12, 1964AM1A, 1964KI05, 1965LO03, 1968DI06, 1968NG1B, 1969CO12, 1969DU11, 1970DA14). See also (1963DO1B, 1970CA1C).

Some of the maxima in the yield are interpreted in terms of resonances: these are shown in Table 18.17 (in PDF or PS) (1955ST1A, 1956RO1A, 1963AM1A, 1964AM1A, 1968MA53). See also (1959AJ76). The coherence energy determined from the yields is 75 keV for p₀, 63 keV for p₁ and 62 keV for p₃ in the range E_d = 4.0 to 6.0 MeV (1970DA14).

Polarization measurements are reported by (1963AL1D, 1963EV05, 1969CU10, 1970CO1P, 1971BR44, 1971HU1C, 1971KO21): see Table 18.16 (in PDF or PS). Large values of the polarization are observed for E_d = 6.5 to 12.3 MeV: the results are interpreted in terms of a direct interaction mechanism (1963EV05). See also (1967BA1R, 1967MA1F, 1970PE1B; theor.) See also ¹⁷O in (1971AJ02).

15. 16O(d, d)16O

Eb = 7.527

The yield of elastically scattered deuterons has been measured for E_d ≤ 13.0 MeV: see Table 18.16 (in PDF or PS) (1963AM1A, 1963SE12, 1964AM1A, 1967AL06, 1968DI06, 1968MA53, 1969CO12, 1970DA14). Fluctuations are observed. Some of the maxima are interpreted in terms of ¹⁸F states: for these see Table 18.17 (in PDF or PS) (1956BE1B, 1963AM1A, 1964AM1A, 1968MA53). See also (1963DO1B, 1966AL09, 1970VE06, 1971GA1D, 1971SC1Q) and ¹⁶O in (1971AJ02). For polarization measurements, see (1969CO12, 1970CO1P, 1971KO21) and Table 18.16 (in PDF or PS).

16. 16O(d, α)14N

Qm = 3.110

Eb = 7.527

The yields of various groups of α-particles have been measured for E_d ≤ 20 MeV: see Table 18.16 (in PDF or PS) (1960AM03, 1962CA20, 1963AM1A, 1963SE12, 1963YA1B, 1964AM1A, 1964KI05, 1965LO03, 1965MA59, 1965SA18, 1967TH1E, 1968DI06, 1968JO07, 1968TH1J, 1969AL13, 1969CO12, 1969JO09, 1969JO1M, 1970JO1G, 1970JO1C, 1971JA04, 1971TH03). See also (1963DO1B, 1970CA1C) and (1969NO1C, 1971SC1Q; theor.).

The yield curves have been fitted in terms of a large number of states in ¹⁸F: see Table 18.17 (in PDF or PS) (1956BR36, 1957BA14, 1960AM03, 1963AM1A, 1964AM1A, 1965MA59, 1968JO07, 1969JO09, 1969JO1C, 1970JO1C, 1971JO11). See also (1970JO1F). A detailed study by (1970JO1C) of the isospin-forbidden α₁ yield shows that there are no very strong states seen for J > 5, and those seen in J = 7, the highest partial wave needed to fit the yield, are wide, Γ ≈ 300 keV. This contradicts the prediction that isospin violation should be negligable for low spin states while large for those with high J. See also (1971JO11). The average coherence width is ≈ 150 keV for 12 < E_x < 15.5 MeV (1968JO07).

For the isospin-forbidden α₁ yield, virtually all the observed levels overlap several others of the same spin and parity in the tail of the resonance. The α₁ yield has a smaller cross section than the yield of ¹⁴N(α, α₁)¹⁴N at the same E_x in ¹⁸F [see (1970TO03)]. This is most pronounced at high excitation energy and is thought to be related to the very small binding energy of the deuteron. Thus reaction 8 appears to be a better tool to study ¹⁸F at high E_x (1970JO1C).

For polarization studies, see (1970PR1C, 1971KE1E). See also ¹⁴N in (1970AJ04). Very accurate cross section measurements of the ¹⁶O(d, α)¹⁴N reaction and of its inverse, ¹⁴N(α, d)¹⁶O, are consistent with the principle of detailed balance. The lowest uncertainty was ± 0.5%. An upper limit of 0.2% is assigned to the time-reversal non-invariant part of the reaction amplitudes (1971TH03).

17. 16O(t, n)18F

Qm = 1.269

Measurements of the strengths and of lifetimes of the radiative decays are displayed in Tables 18.14 (in PDF or PS) and 18.15 (in PDF or PS) (1963LI07, 1966AL04). (1966AL04) report that ΔE_x (1.13 → 0.94) = 194 ± 1 keV: E_x of ¹⁸F*(1.13) is then 1131.0 ± 1 keV [based on E_x = 937.0 ± 0.2 keV]. See also (1967WA1C) and (1959AJ76).

18. 16O(3He, p)18F

Qm = 2.033

Excitation energies derived from measurements of proton spectra (1959HI67, 1959YO25, 1967MA1G, 1968GR1G, 1968GR1H, 1968MA33) and of γ-rays (1960RA18, 1961DU02, 1965CH10, 1967WA06) are displayed in Table 18.18 (in PDF or PS).

Angular distributions of proton groups have been obtained at E(³He) = 4.00 MeV (1964MA50), 5.9 and 9.2 MeV (1959HI74), 15 MeV (1968PO1B, 1969PO11), 18 MeV (1967PU03, 1971BE19) and 19.8 MeV (1967MA1G, 1968MA33). Distorted wave analyses lead to the l-assignments shown in Table 18.18 (in PDF or PS). (1960JA11) have compared the angular distribution they obtained for the ¹⁶O(t, p)¹⁸O reaction to ¹⁸O(0) with the angular distributions obtained by (1959HI74) for ¹⁸F*(1.04, 1.08) in this reaction. It is clearly ¹⁸F*(1.04) which is the analog to the ground state of ¹⁸O: J^π is then 0⁺ and T = 1.

The magnetic moment of ¹⁸F*(1.13), μ = +(0.568 ± 0.013)J (1967PO09), +(0.572 ± 0.006)J (1967SC09). If J = 5, and all data are consistent with this assignment, μ = 2.855 ± 0.030 nm. This value is in agreement with shell-model predictions for a 5⁺ state remaining from 1d²_5/2 (1967PO09).

The γ-decay of many states has been studied: Table 18.14 (in PDF or PS) displays observed branching ratios and radiative widths. Studies of these parameters, coupled with angular correlation and γ-ray angular distribution studies (1961KU02, 1965PO01, 1966CH06, 1966CH12, 1966OL03, 1967GO07, 1967OL03, 1967PO02, 1967WA06), lifetime measurements [see Table 18.15 (in PDF or PS) (1959AL99, 1963LO03, 1966OL03, 1967BE14, 1967PO09, 1967WA06, 1970BL1F)] and the l-values shown in Table 18.18 (in PDF or PS) lead to the J^π assignments displayed in Table 18.14 (in PDF or PS). See also (1963HI06).

The linear polarization of the 2.10 MeV γ-ray [2.10 → 0], together with the mixing ratio obtained by (1967GO07), leads to an assignment of negative parity to ¹⁸F*(2.10), and also to ¹⁸F*(1.08). The latter results from the value of τ_m for ¹⁸F*(2.10) and the observation of a P₄(cos θ) term in the 2.10 → 1.08 transition (1967PO02).

See also (1964MA57, 1966AG1B, 1970CA28), (1959FA1A) and (1960NE1A; theor.).

19. 16O(α, d)18F

Qm = -16.321

At E_α = 40 to 52 MeV, deuteron spectra are dominated by the groups to ¹⁸F*(1.13), J^π = 5⁺ [1d²_5/2 configuration] (1962HA40, 1966RI04, 1967MA1G, 1968MA33). Many other states of ¹⁸F have also been observed: see Table 18.19 (in PDF or PS) (1966RI04, 1967MA1G, 1968MA33). For configuration assignments, see (1968MA33). See also (1960AG01), (1969BR1D) and (1963GL1C, 1965GR1F, 1967IM1A; theor.).

20. 16O(6Li, α)18F

Qm = 6.053

Angular distributions of the α-particles to the ground state of ¹⁸F have been measured at E(⁶Li) = 5.5 to 13.3 MeV (1968GR1H, 1968GR22) and at 26 MeV (1969DA19). The lifetime of ¹⁸F*(4.36) is < 0.61 psec (1969TH01): the γ-ray energy for the transition 4.36 → 3.06, E_γ = 1297.4 ± 2.5 keV. Assuming E_x = 3.0598, the energy of ¹⁸F*(4.36), E_x = 4.357 ± 0.004 MeV (1969TH01). See also (1967CA1D).

21. 16O(11B, 9Be)18F

Qm = -8.290

See (1966PO1E, 1967PO1E).

22. 16O(14N, 12C)18F

Qm = -2.746

See (1966GA10, 1969BR1D, 1969RO1G, 1970AN1D).

23. 17O(p, γ)18F

Qm = 5.609

The yield of 0.94 MeV γ-rays (γ₁) has been measured for E_p = 0.2 to 1.5 MeV. A number of resonances are observed: see Table 18.20 (in PDF or PS) (1969ZA1C, 1971BE1E, 1971SE1H). A strong resonance for 1.04 MeV γ-rays (γ₂) is observed, corresponding to ¹⁸F*(6.14) (1969ZA1C, 1971SE1H). A study of this resonance shows that ¹⁸F*(6.14) has J^π = 0⁺. The parity of ¹⁸F*(3.72) is found to be even (1970RO1F).

Branching ratios for the decay of ¹⁸F* states with 6.09 < E_x < 6.87 MeV are displayed in Table 18.15 (in PDF or PS). DSAM measurements show τ_m < 15 fsec for these states. From the γ-decay of the resonant states, accurate excitation energies have been determined for a number of low-lying states: E_x = 0.9369 ± 0.2, 1.041 ± 1, 1.121 ± 0.4, 1.700 ± 1, 2.1013 ± 0.5, 2.523 ± 1, 3.136 ± 2, 4.650 ± 1 and 4.965 ± 1 MeV (± keV) (1971SE1H).

24. 17O(p, n)17F

Qm = -3.542

Eb = 5.609

The yields of n₀, measured for E_p = 7 to 13.5 MeV, and of n₁, measured for E_p = 7 to 12.5 MeV, show some gross structures (1969AN06). See also (1965BL07).

25. 17O(p, p)17O

Eb = 5.609

The elastic scattering has been studied for E_p = 0.5 to 1.33 MeV (1971SE1J) and for E_p = 11.0 to 13.0 MeV (1967AL06): observed anomalies are displayed in Table 18.20 (in PDF or PS) (1971SE1J).

26. 17O(p, α)14N

Qm = 1.193

Eb = 5.609

The yield of ground state α-particles shows a number of resonances for E_p = 0.49 to 3.0 MeV: see Table 18.20 (in PDF or PS) (1957AH20, 1962BR08, 1971SE1J). Astrophysical considerations are discussed by (1962BR08, 1967FO1B).

27. 17O(d, n)18F

Qm = 3.384

At E_d = 4.4 MeV angular distributions of the neutrons corresponding to ¹⁸F*(0.94, 2.52, 3.06, 3.36, 3.84, 4.96, 5.61, 5.67) have been measured. The cross section for formation of ¹⁸F*(5.61) is an order of magnitude greater than for ¹⁸F*(5.67), consistent with the interpretation that these (1^-) states contain a substantial isospin admixture (1971GA1B, 1971LI1D). See also (1971AR33). For a lifetime measurement, see Table 18.15 (in PDF or PS) (1971LE29). See also ¹⁹F.

28. 17O(3He, d)18F

Qm = 0.115

At E(³He) = 15 MeV, DWBA analysis of angular distributions of deuteron groups corresponding to the ground state of ¹⁸F [l = 2] and to the excited states of 0.94 [l = 0 + 2], 1.04 [2]. 1.12 [2], 2.53 [0 + 2], 3.06 [0 + 2], 3.84 [0 + 2], 4.12 [0 + 2], 4.66 [2] and 4.96 MeV [0 + 2] have been obtained by (1968PO1B, 1969PO11) who also report spectroscopic information. Thus all these states have even parity and ¹⁸F*(4.12) may be assigned J^π = (2⁺) or 3⁺. Since l = 2 for ¹⁸F*(4.66), J^π ≤ 5⁺, with 4⁺ most likely (1969PO11).

29. 17O(α, t)18F

Qm = -14.205

Not reported.

30. 18O(p, n)18F

Qm = -2.438

Gamma rays are observed with E_γ = 938 ± 6, 1043 ± 8 and 1082 ± 10 keV (1960RA18). See also (1968BE34). The lifetime of ¹⁸F*(1.04) is 4⁺³_-2 fsec (1967BL18). Angular distributions have been measured at E_p = 6.9 to 13.5 MeV (n₀, n_1→4), 6.9 to 9.25 MeV (n₅), 7.55 to 9.25 MeV (n₆), 7.95 to 9.25 MeV (n₇) and 8.4 to 13.5 MeV (n₈) (1969AN06). See also (1965BL07, 1967WI1H, 1971TH1D) and (1969SC1H; theor.). See also ¹⁹F.

31. 18O(3He, t)18F

Qm = -1.674

At E(³He) = 16 MeV, the triton spectrum is dominated by strong groups to the ground and 0.94 MeV excited states and to the 0⁺ and 2⁺; T = 1 states at E_x = 1.04 and 3.06 MeV. Angular distributions have been measured and analyzed by DWBA for the tritons corresponding to these states and to ¹⁸F*(1.08, 1.13, 1.70, 2.10, 3.13, 3.36, 3.72, 3.79, 3.84, 4.12, 4.23, 4.36, 4.40, 4.66, 4.74). The angular distributions are consistent with the J^π assignments shown in Table 18.14 (in PDF or PS), except for the distribution to ¹⁸F*(1.04) (1970DU08). At E(³He) = 17.3 MeV, angular distributions to ¹⁸F states with E_x < 4 MeV have been analyzed using DWBA and a two-body interaction between the incident and target nucleons. An exact coupled-channel calculation was also made for the transition to ¹⁸F*(1.04) (1968HA30, 1969HA1U, 1969MA1G). See also (1971HE1F).

32. 18Ne(β+)18F

Qm = 4.447

The decay is to ¹⁸F*(0, 1.04, 1.70): see Table 18.21 (in PDF or PS) for the branching ratios and log ft values. See also ¹⁸Ne.

33. 19F(γ, n)18F

Qm = -10.431

See ¹⁹F.

34. 19F(n, 2n)18F

Qm = -10.431

See ²⁰F.

35. (a) 19F(p, d)18F	Qm = -8.206
(b) 19F(p, pn)18F	Qm = -10.431

Angular distributions have been measured of the ground state deuterons at E_p = 16 and 18 (1967AN1B, 1968AN1A, 1971AN1B), 17.5 (1969HAZD), 18 (1956RE04), 18.6 (1961BE12), 30.3 (1967DI1C) and 155.6 MeV (1966BA44): l_n = 0. (1969HAZD) also reports angular distributions at E_p = 17.5 MeV to the ¹⁸F states at E_x = 0.94 [l_n = 2], 1.04 [0], 1.08 [1], 1.13, 1.70 [0], 2.10 [(1)], 2.53 [2], 3.06 [2], 3.13 [1], 3.36 [2], 3.8 (unresolved), 4.12, 4.23, 4.36 + 4.40, 4.66 and 5.6 MeV. Spectroscopic factors are also listed. Similar results are reported by (1967AN1B, 1968AN1A, 1971AN1B). See also (1961BE12, 1966BA44). See also (1961LE1A, 1962CO17) and (1969BE1T, 1969DO08; theor.). For reaction (b), see (1968DE21).

36. 19F(d, t)18F

Qm = -4.173

Angular distributions of triton groups are reported at E_d = 8.9 MeV (1957EL12; t₀, t₁, t₃) and 14.8 MeV (1959HA1E, 1960HA22; t₀). See also (1959VL23) and (1963DA1B, 1963OG1A, 1964DA1D, 1964EL1B; theor.).

37. 19F(3He, α)18F

Qm = 10.147

At E(³He) = 5.9 MeV, 41 α-particle groups have been observed, corresponding to the ground state of ¹⁸F and to excited states with E_x < 7.5 MeV (1959HI67): see Table 18.22 (in PDF or PS). Angular distributions of the α-particles corresponding to ¹⁸F*(3.06, 3.13) are reported by (1966MA43; E(³He) = 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 MeV): l = 2 and 1, respectively. See also (1964BR1G, 1966HA21, 1966HO1E, 1971BA2A).

Alpha-α₀ angular correlations measured in the range E(³He) = 5.0 to 6.0 MeV establish J^π = 1^- for both ¹⁸F*(5.61, 5.67): Γ_α/Γ ≈ 1 (1971LI27).

38. 19F(10B, 11B)18F

Qm = 1.025

See (1968GA03, 1970GO1B, 1971KN05).

39. (a) 19F(14N, 15N)18F	Qm = 0.403
(b) 19F(19F, 20F)18F	Qm = -3.829

For reaction (a) see (1965GA1B, 1971GA13); for reaction (b) see (1971GA13).

40. 20Ne(n, t)18F

Qm = -14.793

Not reported.

41. 20Ne(p, 3He)18F

Qm = -15.557

At E_p = 45 MeV, ³He groups are observed to ¹⁸F*(0, 1.04, 1.70, 3.06, 6.27 ± 0.03) (1969HA38). See also (1968FA1G, 1970OL1B).

42. 20Ne(d, α)18F

Qm = 2.796

At E_d = 11 MeV α-groups are observed to many states of ¹⁸F with E_x < 7 MeV. Weak or absent (each ≤ 0.3% of the total yield at 30°) are the groups corresponding to ¹⁸F*(1.04, 3.06, 4.66, 4.74, 4.96): T = 1 for these states (1968PO1B, 1969PO11). However, (1971HR1A) report a significant yield (as high as 30% of the yield to the J^π = 2⁺; T = 0 state at 2.52 MeV) for the 2⁺; 1 state at 3.06 MeV in the range E_d = 6 to 10 MeV. The yield is particularly large in the range E_d = 6 to 8 MeV. Angular distributions are reported at 2 MeV (1966LA15; α₀, α₁, α₂, α₅, α₆), 4 MeV (1964MA50; α₀, α₅, α₆, α₇, α₈, α₉, α₁₀), 6.75, 7.37 and 8 MeV (1971HR1A; α₇, α₈, α₉), and 14.7 MeV (1962TA07; α₀, α_1→4, α₅, α₆, α₇). See also (1951MI1A, 1961LO10, 1964MA57) and (1966BR1G, 1966KU1D, 1969DE29).

43. 21Ne(p, α)18F

Qm = -1.740

Not reported.