A=13C (1986AJ01)

The neutron rms radius is 2.35 (3) fm (1979JO08). See also (1981AJ01). ¹³C*(3.85):g is negative (1976DY05). From the γ-ray due to the transition ¹³C*(3.85 → 3.68), ΔE_x = 169.356 ± 0.020 keV (1984SC09). See, however, footnote ^c in Table 13.11 (in PDF or PS).

1. (a) ⁶Li(⁷Li, γ)¹³C Q_m = 25.867
(b) ⁶Li(⁷Li, n)¹²C Q_m = 20.921 E_b = 25.867
(c) ⁶Li(⁷Li, p)¹²B Q_m = 8.334
(d) ⁶Li(⁷Li, d)¹¹B Q_m = 7.189
(e) ⁶Li(⁷Li, t)¹⁰B Q_m = 1.992
(f) ⁶Li(⁷Li, α)⁹Be Q_m = 15.220

The yield curves for d₀(E(⁶Li) = 4 to 14 MeV), t₀(E(⁷Li) = 5 to 14 MeV) and α₀(E(⁶Li) = 4 to 14 MeV) show broad, uncorrelated structures. Energy-averaged differential cross sections are also reported for a number of ¹²B, ¹¹B and ¹⁰B states. Total cross-section measurements have been measured for E(⁷Li) = 3.8 to 6.0 MeV for p₀ → p₂, p₃₊₄, p₅; d₀ → d₃, d₄₊₅, d₆; t₀ → t₂; and α₀: the total cross sections generally increase smoothly with energy without showing any structure: see (1981AJ01). For reaction (b) see (1981NOZW). See also (1983KAZF).

2. (a) ⁹Be(α, n)¹²C Q_m = 5.7013 E_b = 10.6476
(b) ⁹Be(α, 2n)¹¹C Q_m = -13.020

Resonances for n₀ and n₁, for γ-rays from ¹²C*(4.4, 12.7, 15.1) and resonances in the total neutron cross section are given in Table 13.7 (in PDF or PS). In addition the yield of neutrons to ¹²C*(7.65, 9.64) has been measured in the range E_α = 2.9 - 6.4 MeV. The n₀ and n₁ excitation functions exhibit weak resonance anomalies at E_α = 6.44 MeV corresponding to the J^π = 3/2^-, T = 3/2 state at E_x = 15.11 MeV: see Tables 13.6 (in PDF or PS) and 13.7 (in PDF or PS) (1978HI06). The thick-target yield of neutrons has been measured for E_α = 3.0 to 9.0 MeV by (1979BA48). Polarization measurements have been reported for E_α to 100 MeV: see (1981AJ01). Reaction (b) has been studied at a number of energies for E_α = 17 to 44 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at E_α = 19.5 to 32.1 MeV (1981AN16). See also (1982WE16; applied).

3. (a) ⁹Be(α, d)¹¹B Q_m = -8.0312 E_b = 10.6476
(b) ⁹Be(α, t)¹⁰B Q_m = -13.2281

Excitation curves have been measured for E_α = 15 to 27.5 MeV for reaction (a) [involving d₀, d₁ and at the higher energies d₂, d₃, d₄₊₅, d₆] and at 26.0 to 27.5 MeV for reaction (b) [t₀, t₁, t₃]: no structures are observed. See (1981AJ01).

4. ⁹Be(α, α)⁹Be E_b = 10.6476

A number of excitation functions have been measured for elastically scattered α-particles for E_α = 1.4 to 20 MeV: these show considerable resonance structure with the variations being most prominent below 10 MeV but persisting up to 20 MeV. The parameters resulting from a best fit of the excitation functions are displayed in Table 13.8 (in PDF or PS): see the footnotes to that table for a summary of the most important caveats. A weak resonance is observed in the α₀ yield at E_α = 6.44 MeV corresponding to the excitation of the first T = 3/2 state at E_x = 15.11 MeV: see Table 13.6 (in PDF or PS) for the parameters of that state (1978HI06). For inclusive cross sections see (1985AB02). See also (1981FR1T, 1985SR01; theor.).

5. ⁹Be(⁶Li, d)¹³C Q_m = 9.1725

A number of ¹³C states have been studied at E(⁶Li) = 23.8 MeV: see (1981AJ01).

6. ⁹Be(⁷Li, t)¹³C Q_m = 8.1796

Angular distributions for t₀, t₁, t₂₊₃, t₄ are reported at E(⁷Li) = 5.6 to 6.2 MeV: see (1976AJ04).

7. ⁹Be(¹²C, ⁸Be)¹³C Q_m = 3.2810

Angular distributions have been measured at E(¹²C) = 12 and 15 MeV and at E(⁹Be) = 20 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at E(¹²C) = 10.5, 12.0 and 13.5 MeV (1982TA21; ¹³C_g.s.). In the earlier work the neutron spectroscopic factors for the first four states of ¹³C are 1.15, 0.95, 0.20, 1.02. At E(⁹Be) = 50 MeV several higher states are also populated. For yield measurements see (1981AJ01) and (1982HU06, 1982TA21). See also (1983DEZW; theor.).

8. ¹⁰B(³He, π⁺)¹³C Q_m = -115.710

At E(³He) = 260 and 280 MeV ¹³C_g.s. and an unresolved group at E_x ≈ 3.6 MeV are observed. The cross section for this reaction at θ_lab = 20^° has been measured (1984WI06).

9. (a) ¹⁰B(t, p)¹²B Q_m = 6.342 E_b = 23.8757
(b) ¹⁰B(t, d)¹¹B Q_m = 5.1969
(c) ¹⁰B(t, α)⁹Be Q_m = 13.2281

Yields have been measured for E_t = 0.5 to 2.0 MeV: there is no evidence of resonance behavior (1981AJ01). The yield of protons for E_t = 3 to 12 MeV shows a structure at E_t = 5.4 MeV (Γ ≈ 1 MeV) which may be connected with a state at ≈ 28 MeV (1984GUZY). See also (1980BO1T; theor.).

10. ¹⁰B(α, p)¹³C Q_m = 4.0617

Angular distributions of p₀ have been measured at many energies up to E_α = 30.4 MeV [see (1970AJ04)] and at 31.2 MeV (1984KO1Q; also p₁₊₂₊₃), and for p₁ at E_α = 2.58 to 3.06 MeV (1983CS03). For γ-decay measurements see Table 13.6 (in PDF or PS) (1980WA24). See also ¹⁴N.

11. ¹⁰B(⁶Li, ³He)¹³C Q_m = 8.0800

Comparisons of the relative intensities of the ³He groups in this reaction and of the triton groups in the mirror reaction (see reaction 7 in ¹³N) at E(⁶Li) = 18 MeV suggest that the following states are analogs: 6.86 - 6.36, 7.49 - 7.16, 9.50 - 9.00, 9.90 - 9.48, (10.82 + 10.75) - (10.36 + 10.36) [the first (set of) E_x is in ¹³C, the second in ¹³N]: see (1981AJ01).

12. ¹⁰B(⁷Li, α)¹³C Q_m = 21.4076

Angular distributions have been measured at E(⁷Li) = 5.20 MeV for the α₀, α₁, α₂₊₃ and α₄ groups: see (1981AJ01).

13. ¹⁰B(¹⁴N, ¹¹C)¹³C Q_m = 1.139

At E(¹⁰B) = 100 MeV angular distributions are reported for the transitions to ¹³C*(0, 3.68, 7.5, 11.8): see (1981AJ01).

14. ¹¹B(d, γ)¹³C Q_m = 18.6788

The 90^° γ₀ excitation curve measured for E_d = 1.0 to 12.0 MeV shows resonant structure at E_d = 2.0 ± 0.1 and 4.0 ± 0.1 MeV, Γ ≈ 0.6 and ≈ 1 MeV, corresponding to states at E_x = 20.4 and 22.1 MeV: see Table 13.9 (in PDF or PS). The results are consistent with the hypothesis of the isospin splitting of the giant dipole resonance in ¹³C (1981KA16). See also (1981AJ01, 1984WO05).

15. (a) ¹¹B(d, n)¹²C Q_m = 13.7325 E_b = 18.6788
(b) ¹¹B(d, 2n)¹¹C Q_m = -4.989

The yield of neutrons and 15.1 MeV γ-rays has been measured in the range E_d = 0.2 to 11 MeV: see Table 13.9 (in PDF or PS). For polarization measurements see (1981AJ01). The thick-target yield in reaction (b) has been measured for E_d = 7.00 to 16.01 MeV (1981AN16). See also (1981NO1G; applied.).

16. (a) ¹¹B(d, p)¹²B Q_m = 1.145 E_b = 18.6788
(b) ¹¹B(d, d)¹¹B

The results from the measurements of the proton and γ-ray yields are not consistent: see reaction 19 and Table 13.10 (in PDF or PS) in (1981AJ01). An activation analysis is reported by (1984GUZY) for E_d = 3 to 12 MeV. See also (1980HU1D, 1981HU1G). For reaction (b) see (1981AJ01).

17. ¹¹B(d, α)⁹Be Q_m = 8.031 E_b = 18.6788

At low energies the excitation functions for α₀ and α₁ increase monotonically: see (1970AJ04). Then at E_d = 1.85 MeV a pronounced resonance is observed in the α₀, α₁, α₂ and α₃ yields: see Table 13.9 (in PDF or PS). Some gross structure is also observed in these yields for E_d = 1.0 to 3.2 MeV: see (1981AJ01). See also ⁹Be in (1984AJ01).

18. ¹¹B(³He, p)¹³C Q_m = 13.1853

Levels derived from proton groups are displayed in Table 13.11 (in PDF or PS) of (1981AJ01). [The only level parameters included in the values of Table 13.4 (in PDF or PS) are E_x = 7500 ± 12 keV and Γ_c.m. < 5, 70 ± 10 and 150 ± 30 keV for ¹³C*(7.49, 7.69, 8.86).] The neutron decay of ¹³C*(6.86, 9.90, 11.75) are to ¹²C_g.s. (99 ± 9)% and (100 ± 20)% for the first two states, and to ¹²C*(0, 4.4) (67 ± 16)% and (33 ± 8)% for the third (1973AD02). The decay parameters for the first T = 3/2 state, ¹³C*(15.11), are shown in Table 13.6 (in PDF or PS). The reduced asymmetries B(¹³C)/B(¹³N) - 1 are -0.07 ± 0.13, 0.82^+1.2_-0.6, ≥ 0.83 ± 0.29 and -0.04 ± 0.14 for the γ₀(M1), γ₀(E2), γ₁(E1) and γ₂(M1) transitions. Changes in the wave functions due to binding energy differences in ¹³C and ¹³N do not account for the observed asymmetry of the E1 decays of the first excited states in ¹³C and ¹³N (1977MA16): see Table 13.5 (in PDF or PS). See, however, (1980BA54).

19. ¹¹B(α, d)¹³C Q_m = -5.1679

Angular distributions of the d₀ group have been measured at E_α = 15.1 to 25.2 MeV [see (1981AJ01)], at 29.5 MeV (1983VA28) and at 31.2 MeV (1984KO1Q; also d₁₊₂₊₃). See also (1983BE1Q; theor.).

20. ¹¹B(⁶Li, α)¹³C Q_m = 17.2037

Angular distributions have been reported at E(⁶Li) = 4.72 MeV for α₀, α₁, α₂₊₃, α₄, α₅₊₆₊₇: see (1981AJ01).

21. ¹¹B(¹⁴N, ¹²C)¹³C Q_m = 8.4064

See ¹²C in (1985AJ01) and (1984CL09; theor.).

22. ¹²C(n, γ)¹³C Q_m = 4.94634
Q₀ = 4946.362 ± 0.021 keV (1981VA1P, 1980WA24);
Q₀ = 4946.336 ± 0.014 keV [see (1983CO09)].

The thermal capture cross section is 3.53 ± 0.07 mb (1982JU01). See also (1981PR04, 1982MU14). The capture is (67.47 ± 0.92)%, (0.16 ± 0.01)% and (32.36 ± 0.44)% via ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68) (1982MU14). (1982JU01) report (68.6 ± 0.9)% and (31.0 ± 0.4)% via ¹³C*(0, 3.68). (1981VA1P; prelim.) find recoil-corrected C → 0, C → 3.68 and 3.68 → 0 energies of 4946.397 ± 0.031, 1261.854 ± 0.006 and 3684.516 ± 0.030 keV. Folding in the (1980WA24) value for 3.85 → 0 (see Table 13.11 (in PDF or PS)) leads to weighted mean adjusted energies for these three transitions of 4946.362 ± 0.021, 1261.855 ± 0.006 and 3684.507 ± 0.019 keV [E.K. Warburton, private communication]. Other recent E_γ measurements of ground-state transitions are 3089.3 ± 0.3 and 3684.6 ± 0.1 keV (1982MU14; see also for cascade γ-rays). The branching ratios for the decay of ¹³C*(3.68) to ¹³C*(0, 3.09) are (99.3 ± 2.0)% and (0.74 ± 0.05)%, respectively (1982MU14).

(1984WO05) have determined the angular distributions and analyzing powers of γ₀ for E_n = 12.0 to 18.8 MeV. The data were used to analyze results from the ¹³C(γ, n₀)¹²C reaction. These can be understood in terms of two doorway states at E_x = 21.1 ± 0.6 and 20.52 ± 0.07 MeV with Γ = 4.2 ± 0.4 and 0.51 ± 0.07 MeV, respectively (1984WO05). See also (1981AJ01) for the earlier work, (1981MUZQ, 1983SH2K) and (1983HO17, 1985HO1M; theor.).

23. (a) ¹²C(n, n)¹²C E_b = 4.94634
(b) ¹²C(n, n')¹²C
(c) ¹²C(n, n')⁴He⁴He⁴He Q_m = -7.27476

The coherent scattering length (thermal, bound) a_coh = 6.6535 ± 0.0014 fm; σ_scatt = 4.7456 ± 0.0020 b (1979KO26).

Total cross sections have been measured in the range 1 keV to 273 GeV/c [see (1981AJ01)] and at E_n = 24 keV (1983AI01; isotopic C), 0.509, 1.024 and 2.003 MeV (1982PO05; to ± (0.2 - 0.4)%), 2.5 to 40 MeV (1979KEZU and R.B. Schwartz, private communication; isotopic C; to ± (1 - 3)%) and 200 to 600 MeV (1980FR1K; prelim.). Differential cross sections are reported to the 4.4 MeV γ-ray to E_n ≈ 200 MeV and for the 15.1 MeV γ-ray to E_n = 36 MeV (1985WE1D; prelim.). Integrated cross sections for n₁ and n₂ are reported at E_n = 14.7 MeV (1981GU12). Total non-elastic cross sections have been measured at E_n = 40.3 and 50.4 MeV (1981ZA03). See also (1983CI1E) and see (1981AJ01) for the earlier work. (1983DA22) report elastic differential cross sections for E_n = 9 to 15 MeV for isotopic carbon and derive predictions for σ_R and σ_T. Polarization measurements have been reported for E_n = 1.5 to 15.9 MeV [see (1976AJ04, 1981AJ01)] and at E_n = 8.9 to 14.9 MeV (1983WO02; n₀, n₁) and 16.34 MeV (1984BE1X; n₀), and at E_n = 15.85 MeV (1980TH07; n₀, n₁) and 15.95 MeV (1981TO1E; n₀). See also (1983ANZY).

Observed resonances are displayed in Table 13.10 (in PDF or PS) here, and in Table 13.13 (in PDF or PS) in (1981AJ01) [the latter for (n, n'γ_4.4)]. In Table 13.10 (in PDF or PS) the newer work comes from phase-shift analyses (σ(θ) and analyzing power) in the range E_n = 7.0 to 12.0 MeV by (1983TO19, 1985TO02). A multilevel-multichannel R-matrix analysis is also reported by (1982KN02).

For reaction (c) see (1983AN02, 1984BR19) and (1984HA48). See also ¹²C in (1985AJ01) and (1980SA34, 1980WE1F, 1982GOZZ, 1984MA2D), (1979CO1B, 1982DI1E, 1983AF01, 1983HA1U, 1985BA2R; applied), (1980LI1M, 1981IN1B, 1981MUZQ, 1981WA1G, 1982FU1F, 1982HA1A, 1983GO1H, 1983SH2K, 1985HO1J) and (1979OL04, 1979ZH1B, 1980DM1A, 1980RI05, 1981DM1A, 1981FL04, 1981SH1A, 1982AZ01, 1982PL1A, 1983HO17, 1983KO44, 1983OL04, 1985MA1U; theor.).

24. ¹²C(n, 2n)¹¹C Q_m = -18.721 E_b = 4.94634

Excitation functions for E_n = 22.8 to 33.6 MeV are reported by (1981AN16). See also (1981AJ01), (1981WEZZ) and (1979CO1B; applied).

25. ¹²C(n, p)¹²B Q_m = -12.587 E_b = 4.94634

The cross section exhibits a weak resonance corresponding to E_x ≈ 20.5 MeV and a stronger structure at E_x ≈ 21.5 MeV: see (1976AJ04). Polarization measurements are reported at E_n = 50 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and 18 MeV (1982DE16). For proton emission at E_n ≈ 545 MeV see (1985FR07). See also ¹²B in (1985AJ01), (1983SU07), (1983SH2K) and (1981OL1B; theor.).

26. (a) ¹²C(n, d)¹¹B Q_m = -13.732 E_b = 4.94634
(b) ¹²C(n, t)¹⁰B Q_m = -18.9293
(c) ¹²C(n, ³He)¹⁰Be Q_m = -19.4670

For deuteron and triton emission at E_n ≈ 545 MeV see (1985FR07). See also (1983SU07) and (1981AJ01, 1983SH2K).

27. ¹²C(n, α)⁹Be Q_m = -5.7013 E_b = 4.94634

The cross section for the α₀ group shows a broad structure at E_n ≈ 8 MeV: see (1981AJ01). For cross sections for α₀ and total α-emission at E_n = 14.1 MeV see (1984HA48). See also (1982KN02) in reaction 23, (1983SU07) and (1983SH2K).

28. ¹²C(p, π⁺)¹³C Q_m = -135.4033

At E_p = 156.4 to 200 MeV angular distributions are reported to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 3.85, 6.86, 9.5). The energy dependence of the angular distributions and of the cross sections are different for the single-particle states [¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.85)] and the 2p2h states [¹³C*(3.68, 6.86, 9.5)] (1981SO04). At E_p = 200 to 250 MeV the analyzing-power angular distributions for ¹³C*(0, 3.09 + 3.68 + 3.85, 6.86 + 7.50, 9.50 + 9.90) are found to be energy dependent (1982LO03). Angular distributions have also been measured at E_p = 147 to 159 MeV (1981SJ02) and E_p = 185 MeV [see (1981AJ01)], 200 MeV (1980HO20; to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 3.85)) and 200 to 250 MeV (1982LO03, 1984LO13; to ¹³C*(0, 3.09 + 3.68 + 3.85) and A_y). Polarization measurements have also been reported at E_p = 147 to 159 MeV (1981SJ02; ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68 + 3.85) and 170, 183 and 190 MeV (1982GRZY). See (1981AJ01) for the earlier work. See also (1980SO05, 1981NAZY, 1982GR1M), (1983VI01) and the "General" section here.

29. (a) ¹²C(d, p)¹³C Q_m = 2.7218
(b) ¹²C(d, np)¹²C Q_m = -2.2246

Measurements of proton groups and γ-rays are summarized in Table 13.11 (in PDF or PS). Angular distributions have been studied at many energies to E_d = 80.2 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and more recently in the range E_d = 0.56 to 2.5 MeV (1980HA1X; p₀ → 3), 17.7 MeV (1984PE24; to ¹³C*(9.50)) and at E_d = 16 MeV to ¹³C*(3.09) [J^π = 1/2⁺] and to (¹²C + n) with zero relative energy (1983WI1D) [the two angular distributions are very similar] as well as at E_d = 56 MeV (1984HA26; p₀ → p₃). See also (1982SA29) and ¹⁴N.

(1981RU04) determine |g| = 0.558 ± 0.015 and τ_m = 12.2 ± 0.4 psec for ¹³C*(3.85). For other τ_m measurements see Table 13.5 (in PDF or PS) in (1981AJ01), and for γ-decay see Table 13.6 (in PDF or PS). For reaction (b) see (1981AJ01). For a fragmentation study at 9.1 GeV/c see (1985AB1J). See also ¹⁴N, (1983JI04, 1981OZ1A), (1981OS1H) and (1980BA54, 1982GO05, 1982TA19, 1982TH02, 1982TH06; theor.).

30. ¹²C(t, d)¹³C Q_m = -1.3109

See (1981AJ01).

31. ¹²C(³He, 2p)¹³C Q_m = -2.7718

See (1981AJ01).

32. ¹²C(α, ³He)¹³C Q_m = -15.6314

Angular distributions of the ³He particles to the first three states of ¹³C have been measured in the range E_α = 56 to 139 MeV. The ground-state distributions in this, and in the mirror reaction ¹²C(α, t)¹³N, have also been compared: see (1981AJ01).

33. ¹²C(⁷Li, ⁶Li)¹³C Q_m = -2.304

Angular distributions at E(⁷Li) = 48 MeV to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 3.85) have been analyzed and yield spectroscopic factors of 0.80, 0.44, 0.17 and 0.74, respectively: see (1981AJ01). An angular distribution and TAP measurements are reported at E(pol. ⁷Li) = 21.1 MeV (1984MO06). See also (1980BA54; theor.).

34. ¹²C(⁹Be, ⁸Be)¹³C Q_m = 3.2810

Excitation curves involving ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68 + 3.85) have been studied by (1983JA09). See also (1980HU1E) and (1983KA17; theor.).

35. ¹²C(¹²C, ¹¹C)¹³C Q_m = -13.775

Angular distributions have been reported at E(¹²C) = 93.8 MeV [to ¹³C*(0, 3.85)] [see (1981AJ01)] and at 72.5 MeV to ¹³C_g.s. (1981CH1R).

36. (a) ¹²C(¹⁴N, ¹³N)¹³C Q_m = -5.6071
(b) ¹²C(¹⁴N, p¹²C)¹³C Q_m = -7.5506

Angular distributions have been reported in the range E(¹⁴N) = 28 to 154.8 MeV involving ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.85, 7.3 ± 0.3): see (1981AJ01). For a study of fragmentation at E(¹⁴N) = 48 MeV, see (1983QU02). See also (1980BA54, 1980IZ1B, 1980TA1K, 1983OS08; theor.).

37. ¹²C(¹⁶O, ¹⁵O)¹³C Q_m = -10.7176

See (1981AJ01).

38. (a) ¹²C(¹⁷O, ¹⁶O)¹³C Q_m = 0.8027
(b) ¹²C(¹⁸O, ¹⁷O)¹³C Q_m = -3.098

See (1981AJ01).

39. ¹³B(β^-)¹³C Q_m = 13.436

See ¹³B and Table 13.2 (in PDF or PS).

40. (a) ¹³C(γ, n)¹²C Q_m = -4.94634
(b) ¹³C(γ, 2n)¹¹C Q_m = -23.668

The main features of the cross section is a sharp peak corresponding to the T = 3/2 state ¹³C*(15.11)[Γ_γ₀ = 19.7 ± 2.0 eV], the broad pigmy resonance at E_x = 13 MeV [on which peaks are superimposed at E_x = 11.0, 13.8, 16.5 and 17.8 MeV] and the giant resonance at E_x = 24 MeV (σ_max = 9.5 mb) [surrounded by shoulder resonances at E_x = 20.8 and ≈ 30 MeV, both of which appear to decay substantially to highly excited states of ¹²C]. There is also some evidence for a weak resonance at ≈ 37 MeV superimposed on the high-energy tail of the GDR. A study of the angular distributions of n₀ suggests states at E_x = 7.70 (3/2⁺), 7.95 (3/2⁺), 8.95 ((1/2^-)), 10.0 ((3/2^-)), 11.0 ((1/2⁺)) and 12.05 MeV ((3/2⁺)). See (1981AJ01) for references and for additional information. See also (1982JU03) and (1980JO1E, 1982KI1H; theor.).

41. ¹³C(γ, p)¹²B Q_m = -17.534

The integrated cross section for E_γ = 17.5 (threshold) to 28 MeV is 36 ± 5 MeV · mb. Resonances are observed at E_x = 18.6, (19.7), 20.7, (22), 23.5, 24.5 and (26) MeV. [σ_max at E_x ≈ 23 MeV is 8 mb]. Below ≈ 18 MeV the cross section is dominated by transitions involving T_< states. The states at 18.6 and 20.7 MeV have a significant T_> component. The two isospin components of the GDR appear to be split by 6.8 MeV (1983ZU02). For the earlier work see (1981AJ01).

42. ¹³C(γ, γ)¹³C

See (1981AJ01).

43. (a) ¹³C(e, e')¹³C
(b) ¹³C(e, ep)¹²B Q_m = -17.534

The elastic scattering has been studied for E_e = 120 to 750 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and 80 to 338 MeV (1982HI07). The form factor for M1 elastic scattering is enhanced above q ≈ 2 fm^-1 (1982HI07). See also (1983SI11) and (1985SI05; theor.). A number of inelastic groups are seen: see Table 13.12 (in PDF or PS). [The data (1980SO1B) shown in Table 13.16 (in PDF or PS) of (1981AJ01) have not been published.] A distinct splitting of the giant resonance into two large peaks near E_x = 20.5 and 24.5 MeV, with widths of ≈ 3 and ≈ 4 MeV, respectively, is observed. It is suggested that these are groupings of narrower peaks. The E_x = 20.5 and 24.5 MeV resonances are probably T = 1/2 and T = 3/2, although the 4 MeV splitting is somewhat smaller than expected: see (1981AJ01). For reaction (b) see (1981AJ01). See also (1981SI1B, 1982DE1K, 1984DO20, 1984LI25, 1985HI04) and (1981DE07, 1981DE1U, 1981IS11, 1981LI13, 1981SU03, 1981SU08, 1982CH16, 1982LIZW, 1983CH15, 1983CH1N, 1983GM1A, 1984SA1H; theor.).

44. (a) ¹³C(π^-, π^-)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(π⁺, π⁺)¹³C

Angular distributions have been measured at E_π = 20 to 180 MeV: see (1981AJ01) and Table 13.13 (in PDF or PS). At E_π^± = 162 MeV angular distributions have been measured to many states (or groups of states) of ¹³C with E_x up to 22 MeV [see Table 13.13 (in PDF or PS)]. Enhanced in π^- scattering are ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.85, 9.50, 21.60 ± 0.05), the latter very strongly but with a large uncertainty. Enhanced in π⁺ scattering are ¹³C*(3.68, 7.55, 8.86, 11.82, 16.05 ± 0.05, 17.92 ± 0.05, 21.37 ± 0.05). The data for ¹³C*(9.50, 21.60, 16.05, 21.37) indicate pure neutron particle-hole excitations for the first two states and pure proton excitation for the latter two, however with large uncertainties except for ¹³C*(9.5). Spin assignments are 9/2⁺ for ¹³C*(9.50); 7/2⁺ or 9/2⁺ for ¹³C*(16.05, 17.92, 21.37, 21.60); 5/2⁺ and/or 7/2⁺ for ¹³C*(11.82) [unresolved doublet?]. The π^-/π⁺ asymmetry near 21.5 MeV suggests that there is isospin mixing between T = 1/2 and 3/2 states of J^π = 7/2⁺ and/or 9/2⁺ (1982SE04, 1983SE15). See also (1981AJ01), (1981SE08), (1984LI1T; theor.) and the "General" section here.

45. ¹³C(n, n)¹³C

Angular distributions have been measured at E_n = 4.5 to 11 MeV (1982REZX; n₀, n₁), 5.7 to 8.25 MeV (1982REZY; n₂, n₃), 9.97, 11.96, 13.94, 15.94 and 17.92 MeV (1982DA05, 1983DA22; n₀; and n₁, n₂₊₃ at 9.97 MeV). See also (1981AJ01), ¹⁴C and (1984PEZV, 1985DI1B; theor.).

46. (a) ¹³C(p, p)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(p, pn)¹²C Q_m = -4.94634

Angular distributions have been studied at E_p = 1.37 MeV to 1 GeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at E_p = 135 MeV (1982CO08; to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 3.85, 7.55, 8.86, 9.50, 9.90, 10.75, 11.08 [J^π = 1/2^-], 15.11; DWBA) [see also (1982RI05)], E_p = 200 MeV (1981ME02; elastic; also A_y) and 547 MeV (1984SE12; ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 3.85, 6.86, 7.55, 8.86, 9.50; also A_y). At E_p = 135 MeV ¹³C*(6.86 [weak], 11.85, 14.39, 16.15, 21.4) are also populated (1982CO08). See also (1982PEZY). For reaction (b) see (1981AJ01). For breakup see (1983GL1D). See also ¹⁴N, (1983PE14, 1983SC1G) and (1982BA14, 1984PEZV; theor.).

47. ¹³C(d, d)¹³C

Angular distributions have been measured at E_d = 0.71 to 13.6 MeV [see (1981AJ01)], at E_d = 17.7 MeV (1984PE24; d₀) and at E_d = 56 MeV (1984HA26; d₀). See also ¹⁵N.

48. ¹³C(³He, ³He)¹³C

Angular distributions of elastically scattered ³He ions have been studied at E(³He) = 12 to 41 MeV: see (1981AJ01). Angular distributions have also been reported at E(³He) = 43.6 MeV for the ³He ions to ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68, 3.85, 6.86, 7.49 + 7.55, 7.69, 8.86, 9.50, 9.90, 10.75 + 10.82, 11.08, 11.85, 15.11, 16.0) [and these have been compared to the analog states reached in the ¹³C(³He, t)¹³N reaction] (1981PE08). See (1981AJ01) for the earlier work and (1983PE14).

49. ¹³C(α, α)¹³C

Angular distributions have been studied at E_α = 15 to 40.5 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at E_α = 35.5 MeV (1981PE08; to ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68, 3.85, 6.86, 7.49 + 7.55, 7.69, 8.86, 9.50, 11.08, 11.85)). For ¹³C*(7.69), E_x = 7686 ± 6 keV, Γ_c.m. = 70 ± 5 keV (1980FU04; also line shapes). Γ_γ/Γ ≤ 3 × 10^-4 and (3.0 ± 0.6) × 10^-4 for ¹³C*(6.86, 7.49 + 7.55), respectively (1984DEZR). See also (1981AJ01) for the earlier work and (1982BU1D, 1983GO27; theor.).

50. (a) ¹³C(⁶Li, ⁶Li)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(⁷Li, ⁷Li)¹³C

Angular distributions of elastically scattered Li ions have been studied at E(Li) = 4.5 to 34 MeV and E(⁶Li) = 28 MeV (1980CU03), 40 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] as well as at E(⁷Li) = 34 MeV (1983STZS). For fusion and breakup cross sections see (1982DE30, 1982TA23). See also (1983BI13, 1984CA39, (1984HA53) and (1981ME1F, 1984AG1B; theor.).

51. ¹³C(⁹Be, ⁹Be)¹³C

The elastic scattering has been studied at E(¹³C) = 28.1 and 36.2 MeV: see (1981AJ01). For total reaction cross sections see (1984DA17). See also (1981GR17; theor.).

52. (a) ¹³C(¹⁰B, ¹⁰B)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(¹¹B, ¹¹B)¹³C

Elastic angular distributions have been measured at E(¹⁰B) = 18, 25, 32, 39 and 46 MeV (1982MA20) and at 42.5, 62.3 and 80.9 MeV (1985MA10). For fusion and breakup cross sections see (1981MA18, 1982MA20, 1983DA20, 1983MA53, 1984DEZX, 1984FR1A, 1984HAZK, 1985MA10). See also (1983BI13, 1983DU13, 1984HA53) and (1984HA43; theor.).

53. (a) ¹³C(¹²C, ¹²C)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(¹³C, ¹³C)¹³C
(c) ¹³C(¹⁴C, ¹⁴C)¹³C

Angular distributions for reaction (a) have been reported for E(¹²C) = 10 to 87 MeV and E(¹³C) = 12 and 36 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at E(¹³C) = 21.7, 24.6, 27.4 MeV (1984FR05; ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.85)) and 260 MeV (1985BO2F; ¹²C*(0, 4.4)). Elastic distributions for reactions (b) and (c) have been studied at E(¹³C) = 15 to 24 MeV and at 15 MeV, respectively. See (1981AJ01) for references. At E(¹³C) = 32 MeV the single and mutual inelastic excitation of ¹³C*(3.09) has been studied by (1984BA31): the mutual excitation is very much smaller than predicted using a molecular particle-core coupling model. For excitation functions, fusion and evaporation cross sections see (1981HE08, 1982CH05, 1982DA16, 1983FR04, 1983KO15, 1984BA31, 1984FR1A). For a spin-flip probability study see (1981TA21). See also ¹²C in (1985AJ01), (1981PL1C, 1983HAZI), (1981ST1P, 1983BI13, 1983DU13, 1983GR1M, 1983VO1J, 1984FR1A, 1984HA53) and (1980BA54, 1982LO13, 1982OH05, 1982VO1F, 1983BA49, 1983CI08, 1983DE1U, 1983FR23, 1983HU1C, 1983LA1E, 1983RO16, 1984HA43, 1984IN03, 1984MAZT, 1984SA31, 1984VO11, 1985VO01; theor.).

54. (a) ¹³C(¹⁴N, ¹⁴N)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(¹⁵N, ¹⁵N)¹³C

Elastic angular distributions (reaction (a)) have been measured at E(¹⁴N) = 19.3 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and 28 and 35 MeV (1983SR01) and at E(¹³C) = 105 MeV (1980PR09). For excitation curves and fusion cross sections see (1982DI13, 1983SR01). See also (1981AJ01), (1983BI13, 1983DU13, 1984FR1A, 1984HA53) and (1983GO13; theor.).

55. (a) ¹³C(¹⁶O, ¹⁶O)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(¹⁷O, ¹⁷O)¹³C
(c) ¹³C(¹⁸O, ¹⁸O)¹³C

Elastic angular distributions have been measured for reaction (a) at E(¹⁶O) = 10 to 30 MeV and at E(¹³C) = 36 and 105 MeV: see (1981AJ01). Those for reaction (b) are reported at E(¹⁷O) = 29.8 and 32.3 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at 85.4, 120 and 140 MeV (1982HE07); and those for reaction (c) at E(¹⁸O) = 15, 20, 24 and 31 MeV [see (1981AJ01)]. For breakup yield and fusion measurements see (1980RA12, 1982HE07, 1983DA02, 1983FR17, 1984RA10) and (1981AJ01). See also (1982LE1N, 1983BI13, 1983DU13, 1984FR1A, 1984HA53, 1985GA1M) and (1983AB08, 1983CI08, 1983PA1G, 1984AB1A, 1984HA43, 1984IN03, 1985PAZY; theor.).

56. ¹³C(²²Ne, ²²Ne)¹³C

See (1983DU13).

57. ¹³C(²⁴Mg, ²⁴Mg)¹³C

See (1980LI13, 1983CH01, 1984LI14; theor.).

58. ¹³C(²⁸Si, ²⁸Si)¹³C

Backward elastic angular distributions are reported at E(²⁸Si) = 77.6 to 94.6 MeV: see (1981AJ01). For an excitation function study see (1982CH02).

59. (a) ¹³C(³²S, ³²S)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(³⁶S, ³⁶S)¹³C

For an excitation function study (reaction (a)) see (1982CH02). For reaction (b) see (1983DU13).

60. ¹³C(⁴⁰Ar, ⁴⁰Ar)¹³C

See (1983DU13, 1986MO15).

61. (a) ¹³C(⁴⁰Ca, ⁴⁰Ca)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(⁴⁸Ca, ⁴⁸Ca)¹³C

See (1981AJ01, 1982HO1E) and (1980JA1C, 1980MA34, 1981KU09, 1981KU03, 1981LA04, 1984HU1Q; theor.).

62. ¹³N(β⁺)¹³C Q_m = 2.2205

See ¹³N.

63. ¹⁴C(γ, n)¹³C Q_m = -8.1765

See (1985KU01) and ¹⁴C.

64. ¹⁴C(p, d)¹³C Q_m = -5.9519

Angular distributions have been measured at E_p = 12 to 27 MeV: see (1981AJ01).

65. ¹⁴C(d, t)¹³C Q_m = -1.9192

Angular distributions for t₀ → t₃ have been studied at E_d = 12 and 14 MeV: see (1981AJ01).

66. ¹⁴C(³He, α)¹³C Q_m = 12.4013

Angular distributions have been measured at E(³He) = 3 to 44.8 MeV: see (1981AJ01).

67. (a) ¹⁴C(¹²C, ¹³C)¹³C Q_m = -3.2301
(b) ¹⁴C(¹⁴C, ¹⁵C)¹³C Q_m = -6.9584
(c) ¹⁴C(¹⁶O, ¹⁷O)¹³C Q_m = -4.0329

Angular distributions have been measured at E(¹⁶O) = 20, 25 and 30 MeV: see (1981AJ01). For reactions (a) and (b) see (1985KO04).

68. (a) ¹⁴N(γ, p)¹³C Q_m = -7.5506
(b) ¹⁴N(γ, np)¹²C Q_m = -12.4970

Angular distributions measured in the giant resonance region of ¹⁴N are consistent with the proton decay of (p₁/2)^-1(2s1d) giant dipole states to ¹³C_g.s. and of (p_3/2)^-1(2s1d) states to ¹³C*(3.68). The population of ¹³C*(3.09, 3.85) [and of ¹³C*(7.55) (1983VA1K)] is also reported. For E_bs = 15.5 to 29.5 MeV a large fraction of the neutron yield appears to be associated with sequential decay to ¹²C via ¹³C*(7.75, 8.86, 11.80): see (1981AJ01). See also ¹⁴N.

69. ¹⁴N(n, d)¹³C Q_m = -5.3260

Angular distributions have been determined at E_n = 10.1 to 14.7 MeV: see (1981AJ01).

70. ¹⁴N(p, 2p)¹³C Q_m = -7.5506

At E_p = 46 MeV, the summed proton spectrum shows transitions to ¹³C*(0, 3.68, 7.5, 11.9); see (1981AJ01).

71. ¹⁴N(d, ³He)¹³C Q_m = -2.0571

At E_d = 52 MeV, angular distributions have been measured for the ³He particles to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 6.86, 7.5, 8.86, 9.50, 11.9 ± 0.15) and analyzed by DWBA: J^π = 5/2^-, 1/2^-, 3/2^- and 3/2^-, respectively, are assigned to ¹³C*(7.5, 8.86, 9.50, 11.9). [However ¹³C*(9.50) is known to have J^π = 9/2⁺.] As expected, angular distributions of ³He and of tritons (from ¹⁴N(d, t)¹³N) to analog states are closely the same: this has been shown for the ground state ³He and triton groups as well as groups to ¹³C*(8.9 + 9.5) and ¹³N*(9.2): see (1981AJ01). Analyzing powers are reported at E_d = 52 MeV to ¹³C*(0, 7.55) (1981MA14).

72. ¹⁴N(t, α)¹³C Q_m = 12.2634

Observed α groups at E_t = 2.6 MeV are displayed in Table 13.22 (in PDF or PS) of (1976AJ04).

73. (a) ¹⁴N(⁶Li, ⁷Be)¹³C Q_m = -1.945
(b) ¹⁴N(⁶Li, ³He α)¹³C Q_m = -3.5322

An angular distribution has been obtained at E(⁶Li) = 32 MeV for the transition to ¹³C_g.s. and ⁷Be*(0, 0.43) [for the mirror reaction see reaction 33 in ¹³N]: the relative cross sections show a deviation from isospin symmetry which is attributed to Coulomb effects. ¹³C*(3.09) was also populated: see (1981AJ01). For reaction (b) see (1984ET01).

74. ¹⁵N(p, ³He)¹³C Q_m = -10.6658

At E_p = 43.7 MeV ³He groups have been observed to eleven states of ¹³C: see Table 13.17 (in PDF or PS) in (1981AJ01). See also (1976AJ04).

75. ¹⁵N(d, α)¹³C Q_m = 7.6874

See (1970AJ04, 1976AJ04).

76. ¹⁵N(α, ⁶Li)¹³C Q_m = -14.6842

At E_α = 42 MeV, the angular distribution of the ⁶Li particles to ¹³C_g.s. has been measured: see (1981AJ01).

77. ¹⁶O(n, α)¹³C Q_m = -2.2156

Angular distributions have been measured for E_n to 18.8 MeV for α₀, α₁, α₂₊₃: see (1981AJ01).

78. ¹⁶O(p, p³He)¹³C Q_m = -22.7934

See (1977GR04).

79. ¹⁶O(α, ⁷Be)¹³C Q_m = -21.2058

At E_α = 42 MeV the angular distributions of the reaction involving ¹³C_g.s. and ⁷Be*(0 + 0.43) has been measured: see (1981AJ01).

80. ¹⁶O(¹⁴N, ¹⁷F)¹³C Q_m = -6.9502

See ¹⁷F in (1982AJ01).

81. ¹⁶O(¹⁷O, ²⁰Ne)¹³C Q_m = -1.625

See ²⁰Ne in (1983AJ01).

82. ¹⁸O(d, ⁷Li)¹³C Q_m = -5.678

Angular distributions at E_d = 13.6 MeV involving ¹³C_g.s. and ⁷Li*(0, 0.48) are reported by (1980GA1K). See also (1984NE1A).

83. ¹⁹F(d, ⁸Be)¹³C Q_m = 3.5817

An angular distribution involving ¹³C_g.s. is reported at E_d = 13.6 MeV (1980GA26). See also (1984NE1A).

84. ²³Na(d, ¹²C)¹³C Q_m = 0.4794

At E_d = 13.6 MeV an angular distribution has been reported by (1984GO1H).