A=14N (1986AJ01)

The energy of the 5.83 → 5.11 γ-transition is E_γ = 728.34 ± 0.10 keV. When corrected for the nuclear recoil and added to E_x = 5105.87 ± 0.18 keV, E_x = 5834.23 ± 0.21 keV for ¹⁴N*(5.83) (1981KO08). For branching ratios and τ_m see Tables 14.13 (in PDF or PS) and 14.14 (in PDF or PS) (1981KO08). See (1981KO08) also for a general discussion of electromagnetic transitions in ¹⁴C and ¹⁴N, and comparison with theory.

2. ¹⁰B(α, n)¹³N Q_m = 1.0589 E_b = 111.6123

Observed resonances are displayed in Table 14.15 (in PDF or PS). See also (1979BA48).

3. ¹⁰B(α, p)¹³C Q_m = 4.0616 E_b = 11.6123

Excitation functions have been measured to E_α = 26 MeV. Observed resonances are displayed in Table 14.15 (in PDF or PS). (1975WI04) has expanded the angular distributions of the p₀ → p₃ groups into Legendre polynominals and fitted the coefficients at resonances corresponding to ¹⁴N*(13.16, 13.24, 13.67, 13.76) obtaining J^π = 1⁺, 2^-, 2 or 3⁺, and 1, respectively, for these states. However an R-matrix aanalysis by (1983CS03) suggests J^π = 2^-, 3⁺, 1⁺ for ¹⁴N*(13.69, 13.74, 13.77). (1975WI04) finds that a surprising proportion of states have a higher cross section for neutron than for proton emission: the fluctuations of σ_n/σ_p at low E_α suggest sizable isospin impurities in the ¹⁴N states.

4. ¹⁰B(α, d)¹²C Q_m = 1.3399 E_b = 11.6123

Excitation curves have been measured at E_α up to 27 MeV [see (1970AJ04, 1976AJ04, 1981AJ01)]. The low energy resonances are exhibited in Table 14.15 (in PDF or PS). At the higher energies the yield curves are fairly smooth although broad resonances in the d₁ and d₀ yields corresponding to ¹⁴N*(23, 25), respectively, have been reported as has a sharp rise in the 15.1 MeV γ yield ≈ 1 MeV above the ¹²C*(15.1) + p + n threshold, a channel which is not isospin forbidden: see (1981AJ01).

5. ¹⁰B(α, α)¹⁰B E_b = 11.6123

The yield of α-particles [and of 0.7 MeV γ-rays for E_α = 2.1 to 3 MeV] has been measured for E_α to 50.6 MeV: see (1981AJ01). Observed resonances are displayed in Table 14.15 (in PDF or PS). In addition to two strong resonances in the α₀ yields at E_α = 2.21 and 4.26 MeV (¹⁴N*(13.19, 14.66)), two other states (¹⁴N*(13.72, 14.25)) are required to fit the data: an R-matrix calculation leads to J^π = 3⁺, 1⁺ [see, however, (1975WI04)], 3⁺ and 2^- for ¹⁴N*(13.19, 13.72, 14.25, 14.66): see (1981AJ01).

6. ¹⁰B(⁶Li, d)¹⁴N Q_m = 10.1371

States with E_x > 10 MeV studied in this reaction at E(⁶Li) = 34 MeV are displayed in Table 14.16 (in PDF or PS) (1984CL08). In addition most of the lower-lying T = 0 states have been populated: see (1970AJ04).

7. ¹⁰B(⁷Li, t)¹⁴N Q_m = 9.144

At E(⁷Li) = 24 MeV angular distributions of the tritons to ¹⁴N*(3.95, 5.83, 6.45, 8.96, 9.13, 10.06, 10.81, 12.79 + 12.83, 13.03, 15.26) have been studied. ¹⁴N*(4.91, 5.11, 5.69, 6.20, 7.03, 7.97, 8.49, 8.98, 9.39, 11.05, 11.51, 12.42) are also populated: see (1981AJ01).

8. (a) ¹¹B(³He, γ)¹⁴N Q_m = 20.7359
(b) ¹¹B(³He, n)¹³N Q_m = 10.1824 E_b = 20.7359
(c) ¹¹B(³He, p)¹³C Q_m = 13.1853
(d) ¹¹B(³He, d)¹²C Q_m = 10.4635
(e) ¹¹B(³He, t)¹¹C Q_m = -2.001
(f) ¹¹B(³He, ³He)¹¹B
(g) ¹¹B(³He, α)¹⁰B Q_m = 9.1236
(h) ¹¹B(³He, ⁶Li)⁸Be Q_m = 4.5720

The capture γ-rays [reaction (a)] have been studied at E(³He) = 0.9 to 2.6 MeV (θ = 0°, 90°). When the barrier penetration factor has been removed a single resonance is observed at E(³He) ≈ 1.4 MeV [¹⁴N*(21.8)], Γ_c.m. = 0.65 MeV.

The excitation function for reaction (b) has been measured for E(³He) = 1.5 to 18 MeV [see (1981AJ01)]. A broad peak at E(³He) = 4.15 MeV may indicate the existence of ¹⁴N*(24), Γ ≈ 1 MeV.

Yield curves for protons [reaction (c)] have been measured for E(³He) = 3.0 to 5.5 MeV (p₀, p₁, p₁ + p₂ + p₃): they are rather featureless. This is also true for the ground-state deuterons of reaction (d) in the same energy interval. Yield curves for reaction (e) have been measured for E(³He) = 6 to 30 MeV: see (1976AJ04). A_y measurements for t₀ and t₁ are reported at E(pol. ³He) = 33 MeV by (1981BA1G). See also ¹³C and ¹³N, and ¹¹B, ¹¹C, ¹²C in (1985AJ01).

The excitation functions for α-particle groups [reaction (g)] have been measured for E(³He) = 0.9 to 5.5 MeV: see (1976AJ04). No significant resonance behavior is seen except for the α₂ group which, in the 15° excitation function, exhibits a resonance at E(³He) = 4 MeV, Γ ≈ 1 MeV. See also ¹⁰B in (1984AJ01).

The excitation function for reaction (h) to ⁶Li_g.s. + ⁸Be_g.s. has been measured for E(³He) = 1.4 to 5.8 MeV: no pronounced structure is observed. At E(³He) = 25.20 to 26.25 MeV the excitation functions for the transitions to ⁸Be*(0, 16.63, 16.91, 17.64) are smooth, indicating a predominantly direct reaction mechanism: see (1976AJ04).

9. ¹¹B(α, n)¹⁴N Q_m = 0.1581

For angular distributions to E_α = 13.9 MeV see (1981AJ01). For radiative transitions and τ_m see (1982BH06) in Tables 14.13 (in PDF or PS) and 14.14 (in PDF or PS). See also ¹⁵N.

10. ¹¹B(⁶Li, t)¹⁴N Q_m = 4.9403

States with E_x > 10 MeV studied in this reaction at E(⁶Li) = 34 MeV are displayed in Table 14.16 (in PDF or PS) (1984CL08).

11. ¹¹B(¹¹B, ⁸Li)¹⁴N Q_m = -6.473

At E(¹¹B) = 114 MeV the relatively strongly populated states are ¹⁴N*(5.83, 8.96, 12.8) [J^π = 3^-, 5⁺, 4⁺]: see (1976AJ04).

12. ¹²C(d, γ)¹⁴N Q_m = 10.27239

At 1.5 MeV the capture cross section is < 1 μb: see (1970AJ04).

13. (a) ¹²C(d, n)¹³N Q_m = -0.2811 E_b = 10.27239
(b) ¹²C(d, p)¹³C Q_m = 2.7218

Resonances in the yields of neutrons and protons are displayed in Table 14.17 (in PDF or PS). Earlier measurements of the yields of neutrons (to E_d = 17 MeV) and of protons (to E_d = 14.7 MeV) are listed in Table 14.11 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04) and Table 14.16 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04). The 0° yield of neutrons has also been reported by (1981LI23: n₀, 5.5 to 13.5 MeV; n₁, 6 to 14 MeV): broad structures are observed at E_d ≈ 7.2 and 11.5 MeV [n₀] and 8 and (10.8) MeV [n₁] as well as a sharper structure at E_d ≈ 9.5 MeV [n₀]. The 25° excitation functions for n₀, n₁ and n₂₊₃ are reported for E_d = 10.6 to 13 MeV (1984SC04). See also 1981SH22. Excitation functions for proton groups (p₀ → p₃) are also reported for E_d = 0.5 to 2.5 MeV (1980HA1X, 1983JI04, 1983JI1B).

The VAP and the 0° transverse vector polarization transfer coefficient K^y'_y (0°) have been measured for E_d = 5.7 to 9.7 MeV [n₀, n₁]. The values of K^y'_y are large, close to the maximum value of 2/3, consistent with a model of the neutron as a simple spectator in the reaction (1976TE03). K^y'_y (0°) has also been measured in the range E_pol.
d = 5 → 12 MeV by (1981LI23; n₀, n₁). Polarization measurements are alsoi reported at E_{pol. d} = 10 MeV (1981DR1D; n₀) and 12.3 MeV (1981BR1E; n₀, n₁, n₂₊₃), and for reaction (b) at E_{pol. d} = 10 MeV (1981DR1D; p₀), 11.35 MeV (1982BU03; p₀) and 56 MeV (1984HA26; p₀ → p₃). For earlier polarization studies see Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04), Table 14.17 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04), and (1981AJ01).

For continuum cross sections [reaction (b)] see (1980MA32; E_d = 56 MeV). For neutron production cross sections see (1984SH04). For total cross sections see (1980DE28, 1981PE01, 1983IM1A). For pion emission see (1981AL1K, 1984AL1L). For fragmentation studies see (1980BO31, 1983AB01). See also (1980HA1N, 1983LIZW) and (1981NO1B, 1984NA06, 1985MA1L; theor.).

14. ¹²C(d, d)¹²C E_b = 10.27239

Reported resonances are displayed in Table 14.17 (in PDF or PS). Yield measurements of d₀ up to E_d = 26.5 MeV are listed in Table 14.16 (in PDF or PS) of (1976AJ04). A recent measurement at E_d = 0.5 to 2.5 MeV is reported by (1980HA1X). See also of (1981AJ01). For polarization measurements to E_d = 52 MeV see Table 14.17 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04), (1981AJ01) and (1984HA26: E_{pol. d} = 56 MeV; d₀). For polarization transfer in the deuteron breakup at E_{pol. d} = 56 MeV see (1985SA16). See also (1981DA1B, 1983JI04, 1983JI1B) and (1980HA56, 1980ST1K, 1982TA19, 1983BA1V; theor.).

15. (a) ¹²C(d, t)¹¹C Q_m = -12.4642 E_b = 10.27239
(b) ¹²C(d, ³He)¹¹B Q_m = -10.4635

At E_{pol. d} = 29 MeV, polarizations of the groups to ¹¹B_g.s. and ¹¹C_g.s. have been studied by (1978CO13). VAP measurements to ¹¹B_g.s. are reported at E_{pol. d} = 52 MeV by (1981MA14).

16. ¹²C(d, α)¹⁰B Q_m = -1.3399 E_b = 10.27239

Reported resonances are displayed in Table 14.17 (in PDF or PS). Listing of the measurements of the yields of α-groups to E_d = 29.5 MeV are given in Tables 14.16 (in PDF or PS) (1976AJ04) and 14.11 (in PDF or PS) (1970AJ04).

The major interest in this reaction has been the study of the yield of the α₂ group to the J^π = 0⁺, isospin "forbidden" T = 1 state. In particular, the work of (1971RI15, 1972SM07) has shown that while the α₀, α₁ and α₃ yields show only weak fluctuations, the α₂ "forbidden" yield shows narrow resonances which implies that the source of the isospin mixing (at least in the region which they, and the subsequent work of (1974JO01) studied: E_d = 7.2 to 16 MeV) is due to states in the ¹⁴N compund nucleus. The ratio of the σ_t for the α₂ group compared to the σ_t for the "allowed" groups is ≈ 1%, an order of magnitude greater than predicted by direct of multistep processes (1972SM07). An S-matrix analysis leads to the resonance parameters shown in Table 14.17 (in PDF or PS) (1981JO02). See also (1972SM07, 1974JO01).

Polarization measurements have been reported at E_{pol. d} = 11 to 29 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at 52 MeV (1982MA25; α₀, α₁, α_{3 → 5}).

17. ¹²C(d, ⁶Li)⁸Be Q_m = -5.8915 E_b = 10.27239

For polarization measurements see (1981AJ01) and (1983TA1Q, 1983YA1D; E_{pol. d} = 51.7 MeV).

18. ¹²C(t, n)¹⁴N Q_m = 4.01511

Angular distributions have been measured to states below 8.7 MeV at E_t = 1.12 to 1.68 MeV and at 8 MeV: see (1976AJ04).

19. ¹²C(³He, p)¹⁴N Q_m = 4.7789

Observed proton groups are displayed in Table 14.18 (in PDF or PS). Angular distributions have been measured for E(³He) to 25.3 MeV [see (1970AJ04, 1976AJ04)] and at E(pol. ³He) = 33 MeV (1983RO22, 1983LE17; p₀, p₁, p₂). See also ¹⁵O. For τ_m and |g| measurements see Table 14.14 (in PDF or PS). For inclusive proton measurements see (1984AA01; E(³He) = 52 MeV). See also (1983CA07) and (1983GO2D; applied).

20. ¹²C(α, d)¹⁴N Q_m = -13.57434

Angular distributions of deuterons corresponding to T = 0 states in ¹⁴N have been measured at E_α = 42 and 55 MeV: see Table 14.19 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04), and (1981AJ01). At E_α = 34.5 MeV a ZRDWBA analysis has been made of the angular distributions to ¹⁴N*(4.92, 5.11, 5.69, 5.83, 7.97, 8.49, 8.96, 9.13, 9.39, 10.81). Spectroscopic information on the 2^- states ¹⁴N*(5.11, 7.97, 9.13, 9.39) [but see Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS)] is also reported (1984YA03). At the higher energies the deuteron spectrum is dominated by very strong groups corresponding to the (d_5/2)², J^π = 5⁺ state at 8.96 MeV, and to a state at 15.1 MeV: see (1976AJ04).

21. ¹²C(⁶Li, α)¹⁴N Q_m = 8.7972

At E(⁶Li) = 20 MeV [see Table 14.9 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04)] and 32 MeV (1984CL08: see Table 14.16 (in PDF or PS) here) many of the α-groups corresponding to T = 0 states with E_x < 17.2 MeV are observed. The spectrum is dominated by the α-group corresponding to the 5⁺ state at 9.0 MeV: see (1970AJ04). Angular distributions have been measured for E(⁶Li) = 2 to 33 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at E(⁶Li) = 3.2 to 8.0 MeV (1981SC13; α₀ → α₂). See also ¹⁸F in (1983AJ01) and (1981MA26, 1983OS03; theor.).

22. ¹²C(¹¹B, ⁹Be)¹⁴N Q_m = -5.5431

At E(¹¹B) = 114 MeV the spectrum is dominated by groups to the 5⁺ state at E_x = 8.96 MeV and to one or more of states at 12.9 MeV, presumably the 4⁺ one: see (1981AJ01).

23. ¹²C(¹²C, ¹⁰B)¹⁴N Q_m = -14.9142

This reaction has been studied at E(¹²C) = 114 MeV: the spectrum is dominated by ¹⁴N*(8.96)[J^π = 5⁺] but there is substantial population also of ¹⁴N*(5.83)[3^-] and of a state at E_x = 11.2 MeV. Angualr distributions are reported at E(¹²C) = 58 to 64.5 MeV, at 93.8 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at E(¹²C) = 49.0 to 75.5 MeV (1980CO10; involving also ¹⁰B*(0, 0.7); see also for excitation functions).

24. (a) ¹³C(p, γ)¹⁴N Q_m = 7.55062
(b) ¹³C(p, p'γ)¹³C E_b = 7.55062

Observed resonances are displayed in Table 14.19 (in PDF or PS). Radiative decay and τ_m measurements are exhibited in Tables 14.13 (in PDF or PS) and 14.14 (in PDF or PS).

The low-energy capture cross section yields an extrapolated S-factor at E_p = 25 keV (c.m.), S₀ = 6.0 ± 0.8 kev · b. The capture cross section rises from (7.7 ± 1.8) × 10^-10 b at E_p = 100 keV to (9.8 ± 1.2) × 10^-9 b at E_p = 140 keV: see (1970AJ04).

Following is a summary of the reasons for the assignments of J^π; T to some of the lower resonances displayed in Table 14.19 (in PDF or PS): for a fuller discussion and complete references see (1970AJ04, 1976AJ04, 1981AJ01). ¹⁴N*(7.97): angular distribution of the γ-rays is consistent with J^π = 2^-. ¹⁴N*(8.06): width of resonance, isotropy of γ-rays show l_p = 0: J^π = 1^- from ¹³C(p, p); E1 transition to g.s. is uninhibited e.g. T = 1 [but 1.4% 8.06 → 2.31 transition [E_x = 2312.6 ± 0.3 keV] shows T = 0 admixture: α₂ = 0.046]. The strong transition 8.06 → 5.69 [3.5%] permits either E1 or M1, ΔT = 1. Since 5.69 → 2.31 is seen ¹⁴N*(5.69) cannot have J^π = 0⁺, and 2⁺ is excluded by the strength of the 8.62 → 5.69 transition. It is then J^π = 1^-; T = 0 [the isospin mixing α₂ = 0.09]; E_x = 5690.5 ± 1.5 keV. ¹⁴N*(8.49, 8.96, 9.13) correspond to anomalies in the cross section. The nature of their γ-decays [see Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS)] and the angular distribution leads to J^π; T = 4^-; 0, 5⁺; 0, 3⁺; 0, respectively.

¹⁴N*(8.62) [J^π = 0⁺ from ¹³C(p, p)] shows strong transitions to ¹⁴N*(0, 3.95, 5.69): T = 1. The strength of the 8.62 → 3.95 decay shows it is dipole and therefore J = 1 for ¹⁴N*(3.95)[E_x = 3947.6 ± 0.4 keV]. The strength of the transition 8.62 → 6.20 and the angular correlation 8.62 → 6.20 → g.s. is consistent with J^π = 1⁺, T = 0 for ¹⁴N*(6.20)[E_x = 6203.7 ± 0.6 keV]. ¹⁴N*(8.79)[J^π = 0^- from ¹³C(p, p)] has a large Γ_γ consistent with E1 and T = 1. ¹⁴N*(9.17): angular correlation and angular distribution measurements indicate J^π = 2⁺ for that state, 3^- for ¹⁴N*(6.45) [see however Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS)] and J = 2 for ¹⁴N*(7.03). For a recent study of ¹⁴N*(9.17) see (1981BI17): E_x = 9172.5 ± 0.3 keV from E_γ, Γ_γ₀/Γ_γ = (79 ± 4)%, Γ [from (p, p)]=135 ± 8 eV [135 ± 11 eV in (γ, γ)]. Other E_x determined by (1981BI17) are 2312.90 ± 0.03, 3948.2 ± 0.2, 5105.9 ± 0.3, 5691.55 ± 0.13 and 6446.3 ± 0.2 keV. See also Table 14.13 (in PDF or PS).

The angular distribution of the γ-rays from 10.23 → 2.31 is consistent with J^π = 1⁺ for ¹⁴N*(10.23): T = 0 from M²(M1) [see, however, Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS)]. The γ₀ angular distribution is consistent with J = 2 for ¹⁴N*(10.43): the similar decay characteristics of this state and of ¹⁴N*(9.17) suggest that they are both J^π = 2⁺, T = 1.

Below E_p = 5.5 MeV only γ₀ can be observed in the capture radiation. A number of resonances in the γ₀ yield and in the yield of the ground-state γ-rays from ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68, 3.85) have been observed: these are shown in Table 14.19 (in PDF or PS) in the range E_p = 3.7 to 6.6 MeV. Angular distributions and measurements of Γ_γ₀ lead to the J^π values shown. Above E_p = 7 MeV the γ₀ yield shows broad structure and the giant dipole resonance at E_x = 22.5 and 23.0 MeV. Measurements of the γ₀ and γ₁, 90° yields E_x = 23 to 33 MeV find that the T = 2 resonances reported earlier at E_x = 23.7 and 24.2 MeV do not exist and that there is no evidence for the T = 2 GDR between E_x = 25 and 29 MeV. The 90° yields of γ-rays to T = 0 states (4.9 < E_x < 5.9 MeV) and to T = 1 states (8.0 < E_x < 9.5 MeV) have been measured from E_x = 23 and 26 MeV, respectively, to E_x = 33 MeV. A study of the 90° yield of γ₀ and γ₁ [and of analyzing powers] has been reported for E_{pol. p} = 6.25 to 17.0 MeV. The γ₀ results are in good agreement with those in the inverse reaction [¹⁴N(γ, p)¹³C]. Broad structures are observed at E_p ≈ 8, 13, 14, 15 and 16.5 MeV. The γ₁ results indicate that the T = 0 strength is spread out fairly uniformly between E_x = 13 and 23 MeV. At E_p = 25 MeV strong transitions are observed to two groups of states centered near E_x = 5.8 and 8.9 MeV.

See also (1980WE1D, 1981WE1A, 1984SE16), (1981BA2F, 1982BA80, 1984BO1Q, 1984TR1C; astrophys.) and (1980SO1D, 1981AB1E, 1983GO1B; theor.).

25. ¹³C(p, p)¹³C E_b = 7.55062

The elastic scattering has been studied for E_p = 0.14 MeV to 1 GeV: see (1981AJ01) and ¹³C here. For observed resonances see Table 14.19 (in PDF or PS). A study of the 0⁺ - 0^- doublet at E_x ≈ 8.7 MeV is presented by (1984AD04). A phase-shift analysis implies the existence of resonances with J^π = 1^-, 2^- and 3⁺ in the vicinity of E_p ≈ 15 MeV. The 1^- and 2^- resonances have widths of ≈ 3 - 4 MeV and have a total Γ_p/Γ value of 0.1. The correlation between these resonances and the GDR is not clear (1978WE13). A_y measurements are reported at E_{pol. p} = 200 MeV (1981ME02) and 547 MeV (1984SE12; p₀ → p₄ and to ¹³C*(7.55, 8.86, 9.5)). See also (1976AJ04) and (1981CO1D; theor.).

26. ¹³C(p, n)¹³N Q_m = -3.0028 E_b = 7.55062

The yield of neutrons has been measured from threshold to E_p = 13.7 MeV: see (1970AJ04). Observed resonances are displayed in Table 14.20 (in PDF or PS). The n₀ excitation function is also reported for E_p = 10.1 to 16.8 MeV (1981BY01; n₀). The ratio of the reaction cross section at E_p = 22.8 MeV to the n₀ yield is 1.06 ± 0.07: thus there is little competition of γ-rays from the excited states of ¹³N with neutron emission making this a convenient fast neutron calibration source. A_y measurements are reported for E_{pol. p} = 6.88 to 17.0 MeV (1981MU1C, 1981MU1D; n₀; prelim.) and 160 MeV (1981GOZX; ¹³N*(0, 3.5)). For the earlier work see (1981AJ01). See also ¹³N and (1981BY1C, 1984HE20).

27. ¹³C(p, d)¹²C Q_m = -2.7218 E_b = 7.55062

Excitation functions have been reported recently for E_p = 16 to 21 MeV (1982MA1H) and 200 to 500 MeV (1980KA01; d₀, d₁). A_y measurements have been made at E_{pol. p} = 13.6 to 14.4 MeV (1982BU03; d₀), 65 MeV (1980HO18; for d to ¹²C*(0, 12.71, 15.1, 16.1)), (1982KA01; for d to ¹²C*(16.11)), 200 and 400 MeV (1981LI06; d₀, d₁) and 530 MeV (1984OH06; d₀). See also ¹²C in (1985AJ01), (1981IR1A) and (1982YA1A).

28. (a) ¹³C(p, t)¹¹C Q_m = -15.186 E_b = 7.55062
(b) ¹³C(p, ³He)¹¹B Q_m = -13.1853

At E_p = 49.6 MeV polarization measurements have been carried out for the tritons and ³He ions to the mirror groups ¹¹B*(0, 2.12, 4.45, 5.02, 6.74, 12.91) and ¹¹C*(0, 2.00, 4.32, 4.80, 6.48, 12.50) (1974MA12). A_y measurements are reported at E_{pol. p} = 65 MeV for the triton and ³He groups to ¹¹B*(0, 2.12) and ¹¹C*(0, 2.00) (1982KA10).

29. ¹³C(p, α)¹⁰B Q_m = -4.0616 E_b = 7.55062

Excitation functions have been measured from E_p = 5.5 (α₀), 6.0 (α₁), 7.0 (α₂), 8.0 (α₃), 10 (α₄), 11 (α to ¹⁰B*(5.11)) to 18 MeV. Total cross sections have also been obtained for the production of ⁶Li, ⁹Be and ¹⁰B: the latter shows a great deal of structure. The analyzing power for the α₀ group has been measured at E_{pol. p} = 65 MeV: see (1981AJ01).

30. ¹³C(d, n)¹⁴N Q_m = 5.3260

Observed neutron groups are displayed in Table 14.21 (in PDF or PS). Angular distributions have been reported at many energies up to E_d = 12 MeV: see see (1970AJ04). Comparisons of relative spectroscopic factors obtained in this reaction and in reaction 31 are shown in Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) of (1976AJ04): it appears that S_rel for ¹⁴N*(2.31) [T = 1] is smaller in this reaction than in the (³He, d) reaction although simple DWBA calculations would suggest that the factors would be the same in both proton pickup reactions. The τ · T term appear to be energy dependednt: see Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04). See also ¹⁵N.

31. ¹³C(³He, d)¹⁴N Q_m = 2.5071

Angular distributions have been studied at E(³He) = 13 to 17 MeV [see (1976AJ04)] and at 43.6 MeV (1981PE07): see Table 14.21 (in PDF or PS) for the states observed in this reaction. See also (1981AJ01).

32. ¹³C(α, t)¹⁴N Q_m = -12.2634

Angular distributions have been measured at E_α = 27 MeV for the α groups to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95, 4.92, 5.11). See also (1981AJ01).

33. ¹³C(⁷Li, ⁶He)¹⁴N Q_m = -2.424

At E(⁷Li) = 34 MeV ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95, 5.11, 5.69, 5.83, 7.03, 8.91) are populated: the ground state is dominant (1984CL08). See also (1981AJ01) and reaction 17 in ¹⁴C.

34. ¹³C(¹³C, ¹²C)¹⁴C Q_m = 3.3866

For fusion cross sections [and population of a 6.73 MeV γ-ray] see (1982CH05).

35. ¹⁴C(β^-)¹⁴N Q_m = 0.15647

See ¹⁴C.

36. ¹⁴C(π⁺, π⁰)¹⁴N Q_m = 4.761

Forward-angle differential cross sections for the isobaric-analog state have been measured at E_π⁺ = 100, 165, 230 and 295 MeV (1983IR04). See also (1984KNZY, 1985KNZZ; E_π⁺ = 35 - 100 MeV) and (1985KA04).

37. ¹⁴C(p, n)¹⁴N Q_m = -0.6259

Angular distributions, generally for the n₀, n₁ and n₂ groups, have been measured in the range E_p = 2.45 to 35 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at 25.7, 35 and 45 MeV (1984TA02). (1984TA07) have measured the transverse spin-transfer coefficients [D_NN(0°)] at 160 MeV for the groups to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31 [D_NN = 1], 3.95, 13.72). The main GT strength lies in the three 1⁺ states and their D_NN values, which are consistent with 1/3, are those expected for pure L = 0 transitions (1984TA07). See also (1982MAZZ, 1983OR1D, 1985OR1G, 1985OR1H), (1981GO1H, 1982GO1C, 1982TA03, 1982YA1A, 1983TA1F, 1984TAZS, 1985TA1T) and (1982TO1C, 1983BO24, 1984HA58; theor.).

38. ¹⁴C(³He, t)¹⁴N Q_m = 0.1379

At E(³He) = 44.8 MeV, triton groups are observed corresponding to all known levels of ¹⁴N with E_x < 7.1 MeV. Triton groups were also seen to unresolved states with E_x = 8.0 → 9.5 MeV, to ¹⁴N*(10.43) and to excited states with E_x = 12.49 ± 0.04, 12.83 ± 0.05 and 13.70 ± 0.04 MeV. Angular distributions were obtained for nine of the triton groups and analyzed using a local two-body interaction with an arbitrary spin-isospin exchange mixture. Dominant L = 0 transitions are found to ¹⁴N*(2.31, 3.95, 13.7), L = 1 to ¹⁴N*(5.11), L = 2 to ¹⁴N*(0, 7.03, 10.43) and L = 3 to ¹⁴N*(5.83) (1969BA06).

39. (a) ¹⁴C(⁶Li, ⁶He)¹⁴N Q_m = -3.350
(b) ¹⁴C(⁷Li, ⁷He)¹⁴N Q_m = -11.05

Angular distributions have been studied at E(⁶Li) = 34 MeV (1981CU02; to ¹⁴N*(0, 3.95, 5.11)), at 62 MeV (1980WH03; to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95, 5.11, 5.83, 6.20, 7.03, 8.49)), and at 210 MeV (1985AN1H; to ¹⁴N*(3.95); prelim.). At E(⁶Li) = 93 MeV and E(⁷Li) = 78 MeV (1984GL06) report the population of a number of states: the most intense groups are to ¹⁴N*(0, 3.95, 5.0, 7.0, 8.5). (1980WH03) have measured the total GT strength up to E_x ≈ 12 MeV. See also (1981AJ01), (1982AL1F, 1983AL1L) and (1983GA12; theor.).

40. (a) ¹⁴N(γ, n)¹³N Q_m = -10.5535
(b) ¹⁴N(γ, p)¹³C Q_m = -7.55062
(c) ¹⁴N(γ, d)¹²C Q_m = -10.27239

The total absorption over the range E_γ = 9 to 31 MeV is dominated by a single peak at 22.5 MeV [estimated σ ≈ 29 mb, Γ ≈ 2 - 3 MeV] and appreciable strength extending beyond 30 MeV. The cross section cannot be accounted for solely by the (γ, n) and (γ, p₀) processes: particle unstable excited states of ¹³C, ¹³N are involved. The combined (γ, n) and (γ, pn) cross section begins to rise rapidly above 18 MeV, reaches its maximum value of 15 mb at 23.3 MeV and exhibits structure at about 19, 20.5 and 26 MeV. The main peak (Γ ≈ 3.5 MeV: see (1970AJ04)) at 23.3 MeV appears to be split into two absorption levels: see (1981AJ01). Maxima reported in other experiments and "breaks" in the (γ, n) activation curve are listed in (1970AJ04). Most of the photon absorption in the giant resonance region forms J^π = 2^- states in ¹⁴N which decay by d-wave neutron emission to ¹³N g.s. Some evidence is found for the existence of J^π = 0^- strength at the peak of the giant resonance and for a small amount of isospin T = 0 mixing near 22.5 MeV: see (1981AJ01).

The (γ, p₀) and (γ, p₂) cross sections and angular distributions have been measured in the giant resonance region. The giant dipole states [(p_3/2)^-1(2s1d)] which decay by p₀ emission to ¹³C*(3.68) appear to carry ≈ 90% of the E1 strength and do not contribute substantially to the (γ, p₀) process which is populated by (p_1/2)^-1(2s1d) giant dipole states. Above E_γ = 22 MeV d-wave emission from 2^- states appears to dominate the (γ, p₀) cross section: see (1976AJ04) and (1983VA1K).

For reaction (c) see (1980IS10) and reaction 42. See also (1982JU03) and (1982VI07; applied).

41. ¹⁴N(γ, γ)¹⁴N

See (1981BI17) and Table 14.12 (in PDF or PS). See also (1985SM1G) and (1983ZH1D; theor.).

42. (a) ¹⁴N(e, e')¹⁴N
(b) ¹⁴N(e, d)¹²C Q_m = -10.27239

Form factors have been determined at many energies in the range E_e = 60.7 to 300 MeV: see (1981AJ01) for the earlier references and (1984HU07; q = 0.80 fm^-1 to 3.33 fm^-1; to ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31)) and (1984BE13; see Table 14.22 (in PDF or PS) and below). In addition to the states above E_x = 11 MeV reported in Table 14.22 (in PDF or PS), (1984BE13) have populated ¹⁴N*(12.50, 13.17, 13.71, 15.43, 15.7, 17.2, 17.8) but not the 5^- states at E_x = 14.66 and 17.46 MeV which are thus presumably T = 0. (1984BE13) report that within the triplet of 5^- states at 14.66, 16.91, 17.46 MeV, they can account for ≈ 60% of the isovector 5^- strength but only 35% of the isoscalar strength. There is no other significant M4 strength up to E_x ≈ 28 MeV (1984BE13). See (1981AJ01) for the earlier work.

For reaction (b) see (1980TA15) and reaction 40. See also (1984DO20, 1984LI25, 1985HI04) and (1981DE1T, 1981IS11, 1981KE15, 1983AL04, 1983DE13, 1983GM1A, 1984VO1G, 1984VOZW; theor.).

43. ¹⁴N(π^±, π^±)¹⁴N

Angular distributions at E_π^± = 162 MeV have been studied to the states listed in Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) (1983GE03). See the the "GENERAL" section here.

44. ¹⁴N(n, n')¹⁴N*

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered neutrons are displayed in Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) of (1970AJ04). See also (1984TEZZ; n₀; 11, 14, 17 MeV). Observed γ-rays are shown in Table 14.25 (in PDF or PS) of (1976AJ04).

45. (a) ¹⁴N(p, p')¹⁴N*
(b) ¹⁴N(p, pα)¹⁰B Q_m = -11.6123

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered protons have been studied at many energies up to E_p = 155 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at E_{pol. p} = 21 MeV (1982AO05; p₀, p₁, p₂) and 159.4 MeV (1983TA12; p₀, p₁, p₂), as well as at E_p = 800 MeV (1982BL08; p₀, p₂ and p to ¹⁴N*(5.83, 7.03, 7.97, 8.49): see Table 14.24 (in PDF or PS). The spin-flip probability has been measured at E_{pol. p} = 32 MeV to ¹⁴N*(2.31) by (1981CO08). For reaction (b) see (1984VDZZ; E_p = 50 MeV). See also (1981AJ01), ¹⁵O, (1983BEYW, 1984DE1F), (1983SC1G), (1984HA1Q; applied), (1984BO1Q; astrophys.) and (1981FE04, 1981IS11, 1983GO10, 1983IK1B, 1984HUZY; theor.).

46. ¹⁴N(d, d')¹⁴N*

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered deuterons have been studied to E_d = 52 MeV: see (1981AJ01) and Table 14.24 (in PDF or PS) for the listing of the observed states. The deuteron group to the 0⁺, T = 1 state ¹⁴N*(2.31) is isospin forbidden: its cross section is 1 - 2 orders of magnitude less than that to ¹⁴N*(3.95) [J^π; T = 1⁺; 0]. It is summarized for E_d = 6 to 20 MeV by (1979AO01) who find that the observed isospin violation is well accounted for by a direct multistep reaction mechansim which assumes that there is isospin mixing in the intermediate channels.

47. ¹⁴N(³He, ³He')¹⁴N*

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered ³He ions have been measured at E(³He) up to 44.6 MeV: see Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04) and see (1976AJ04).

At E(³He) = 44.6 MeV, twelve ³He groups are reported corresponding to states in ¹⁴N: see Table 14.24 (in PDF or PS). The angular distributions were analyzed using a local two-body interaction with an arbitrary spin-isospin exchange mixture. A comparison of the cross sections of the reactions ¹⁴N(³He, t)¹⁴O(g.s.), ¹⁴N(³He, ³He)¹⁴N*(2.31) and ¹⁴C(³He, t)¹⁴N(0) [which all correspond to transitions between identical initial and final states] shows that they are roughly equal, as would be expected from charge independence, once detailed-balance, isospin-coupling and phase-space corrections have been applied: see (1976AJ04).

48. ¹⁴N(α, α')¹⁴N*

Angular distributions of elastically and inelastically scattered α-particles have been measured for E_α = 7.6 to 104 MeV: see Table 14.23 (in PDF or PS) in (1970AJ04) and (1976AJ04, 1981AJ01), as well as (1982PE05; E_α = 34.85 MeV) in Table 14.24 (in PDF or PS) here. Generally the intensity of the α₁ group is weak: see also ¹⁸F in (1983AJ01). See also (1983SA07) and (1980SP1E, 1982BU1D, 1983GO27; theor.).

49. (a) ¹⁴N(⁶Li, ⁶Li)¹⁴N
(b) ¹⁴N(⁷Li, ⁷Li)¹⁴N
(c) ¹⁴N(⁶Li, αd)¹⁴N Q_m = -1.4751

Elastic angular distributions have been measured at E(⁶Li) = 19.5 and 32 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and at 36 MeV (1983ET02) as well as at E(⁷Li) = 36 MeV: see (1981AJ01). See also (1979KN1A). For reaction (c) see ¹⁸F in (1987AJ02), (1983ET02).

50. ¹⁴N(⁹Be, ⁹Be)¹⁴N

For fusion cross sections see (1984MA28).

51. (a) ¹⁴N(¹⁰B, ¹⁰B)¹⁴N
(b) ¹⁴N(¹¹B, ¹¹B)¹⁴N

Elastic angular distributions have been measured for reaction (a) at E(¹⁰B) = 100 MeV and E(¹⁴N) = 73.9 and 93.6 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] as well as at 86 MeV (1982OR02). Those for reaction (b) have been studied at E(¹⁴N) = 41, 77 and 113 MeV: see (1981AJ01). For fusion and other yield measurements see (1980PA19, 1982BE54, 1982OR02) for (a) and (1983DA10) for (b). See also (1981AJ01), (1982HO1F), (1983BI13, 1984FR1A, 1984HA53) and (1981AB1A, 1983GO13, 1984HA43, 1984IN03; theor.).

52. ¹⁴N(¹²C, ¹²C)¹⁴N

Elastic and inelastic angular distributions have been studied in the range E(¹⁴N) = 21.3 to 155 MeV: see (1981AJ01). For fusion cross-section measurements and for yield measurements see (1981AJ01) and (1981CO11, 1984GO05, 1985CA01). For evaporation studies see (1982BO1M, 1983QU02). See also (1981DIZW, 1983CA1N, 1983DA10), (1981ST1P, 1983BI13, 1983DU13, 1984FR1A, 1984HA53) and (1981CH23, 1981CU06, 1981DE13, 1981VA1E, 1981VA1H, 1982BL12, 1982HA42, 1982HA56, 1982HU1G, 1982LO13, 1983CI08, 1983GO13, 1984HA43, 1984MAZT; theor.).

53. ¹⁴N(¹³C, ¹³C)¹⁴N

Elastic angular distributions have been measured at E(¹⁴N) = 19.3 MeV [see (1981AJ01)] and 28 and 35 MeV (1983SR01) as well as at E(¹³C) = 105 MeV (1980PR09). For fusion studies see (1980WI09, 1982DI13). See also (1983BI13, 1984FR1A, 1984HA53) and (1983GO13; theor.).

54. ¹⁴N(¹⁴N, ¹⁴N)¹⁴N

Elastic angular distributions have been studied for E(¹⁴N) = 4.99 to 20.22 MeV: see (1981AJ01). For fusion and reaction cross-section measurements see (1981AJ01) and (1982DE39, 1982TR1C). See also (1983DA10), (1981ST1P, 1983BI13, 1984FR1A, 1984HA53) and (1981AB1A, 1982HA42, 1982LO13, 1984HA43, 1984IN03; theor.).

55. ¹⁴N(¹⁶O, ¹⁶O)¹⁴N

Elastic angular distributions have been studied for E(¹⁴N) = 8.08 to 155 MeV: see (1981AJ01). For fusion cross-section measurements see (1981AJ01) and (1981VO01). See also (1982FI1G, 1983DA10), (1981ST1P, 1983BI13, 1983DU13, 1984FR1A) and (1982HA42, 1982LO13, 1983CI08, 1984HA43, 1984IN03; theor.).

56. ^† (a) ¹⁴N(²⁴Mg, ²⁴Mg)¹⁴N
(b) ¹⁴N(²⁷Al, ²⁷Al)¹⁴N
(c) ¹⁴N(²⁸Si, ²⁸Si)¹⁴N
(d) ¹⁴N(²⁹Si, ²⁹Si)¹⁴N

^† For other heavy-ion reactions see (1981AJ01).

Elastic angular distributions are reported at E(¹⁴N) = 53.03 MeV for reaction (a), 52.29 MeV for (b) and 53.40 MeV for (c) (1981MA02) and at E(¹⁴N) = 40, 46 and 56 MeV for reactions (b, c, d) (1983CR1B; prelim.). For fusion and fragmentation studies see (1981BI10, 1981TA22, 1983CR1B, 1984GU05, 1985GU1M). See also (1981AJ01) and (1982DM1A, 1984SHZY), (1983BI13) and (1980BI13, 1982FR1Q, 1983CE1C, 1985BE09, 1985BL09; theor.).

57. ¹⁴O(β⁺)¹⁴N Q_m = 5.1431

¹⁴O_g.s. decays predominantly to its analog state ¹⁴N*(2.31): E_x = 2312.798 ± 0.011 keV (1982WA16): see reaction 1 in ¹⁴O.

58. ¹⁵N(γ, n)¹⁴N Q_m = -10.8333

For cross sections see (1982JU03, 1983WA03) in ¹⁵N. See also (1981AJ01).

59. ¹⁵N(p, d)¹⁴N Q_m = -8.6087

Angular distributions have been obtained for the deuterons corresponding to ¹⁴N*(0 → 8.06, 8.62, 8.91, 8.96 + 8.98, 9.17 → 10.43, 10.81, 11.05, 11.24 + 11.29, 11.36 → 11.66, 11.75, 11.95, 12.20, 12.50, 12.61, 12.79 + 12.82, 13.17 + 13.24, 13.71 + 13.72). Spectroscopic factors were extracted by DWBA analysis of the l_n = 1 pickup angular distributions (1969SN04).

60. ¹⁵N(³He, α)¹⁴N Q_m = 9.7445

Observed states in ¹⁴N are displayed in Table 14.28 (in PDF or PS) of (1976AJ04) together with the derived spectroscopic factors.

61. ¹⁵N(¹³C, ¹⁴C)¹⁴N Q_m = -2.6568

At E(¹⁵N) = 30, 32 and 45 MeV the angular distributions involving ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31) have been studied: they are symmetric about 90° for the transition to the T = 1 analog state ¹⁴N*(2.31): see (1981AJ01).

62. (a) ¹⁶O(π⁺, 2p)¹⁴N Q_m = 117.3888
(b) ¹⁶O(π^-, 2n)¹⁴N Q_m = 115.8241

At E_π⁺ = 59.6 MeV ¹⁴N*(0, 2.31, 3.95, ≈ 7, ≈ 11) are populated (1985WH01): the ¹⁴N_g.s. form factor shows a large L = 0 component. For reaction (b) see (1980BA31) and (1981AJ01).

63. (a) ¹⁶O(γ, d)¹⁴N Q_m = -20.7363
(b) ¹⁶O(p, pd)¹⁴N Q_m = -20.7363

For reaction (a) see ¹⁶O in (1982AJ01). At E_p = 75 MeV, angular distributions to ¹⁴N*(0, 3.95) have been studied by (1977GR04); ¹⁴N*(2.31) is also populated.

64. ¹⁶O(p, ³He)¹⁴N Q_m = -15.2428

Angular distributions have been measured in the range E_p = 27 to 54.1 MeV: see (1981AJ01). Comparisons have been made of the ratio of (p, ³He) to the T = 1 state at 2.31 MeV and of (p, t) to the analog ¹⁴O_g.s.: see ¹⁷F in (1982AJ01).

65. ¹⁶O(d, α)¹⁴N Q_m = 3.1104

Angular distributions have been measured at many energies up to E_d = 40 MeV: see (1981AJ01). The yield of the isospin-forbidden α₁ group [to ¹⁴N*(2.31)] has been studied for E_d = 2 to 15 MeV: the intensity of the isospin group is strongly dependent on E_d and on the angle of observation. The α₁ reaction appears to proceed almost exclusively by a compound-nuclear process and its study leads to the determination of a large number of ¹⁸F states: the average isospin impurity in ¹⁸F for 10 ≤ E_x ≤ 20 MeV is 3 - 10%. At E_d = 50 MeV, the intensity of ¹⁴N*(2.31) is 0.1 - 0.2% that of ¹⁴N_g.s.. See also (1981KA21, 1982AOZZ) and ¹⁸F in (1983AJ01). See also (1983GO2D, 1983LI1T; applied).

66. ¹⁶O(α, ⁶Li)¹⁴N Q_m = -19.2611

At E_α = 42 MeV the transitions involving (¹⁴N_g.s. and ⁶Li*(0, 3.56)), (¹⁴N*(2.31) + ⁶Li_g.s.) and (¹⁴N*(3.95) + ⁶Li_g.s.) have been studied: see (1976AJ04).

67. ¹⁹F(d, ⁷Li)¹⁴N Q_m = -6.1218

The ground-state angular distribution (involving ⁷Li*(0, 0.48)) has been measured at E_d = 13.6 MeV by (1980GA27). See also (1984NE1A).