A=13C (1981AJ01)

Radius of ¹³C:The rms nuclear charge radius is 2.51 ± 0.04 fm (1979BE1N; prelim.: see also reaction 52). The neutron rms radius is 2.35 ± 0.03 fm (1979JO08). See also (1979SA27; theor.).

¹³C*(3.85) [J^π = 5/2⁺]: g is negative (1976DY05).

1. (a) ⁶Li(⁷Li, n)¹²C Q_m = 20.924 E_b = 25.870
(b) ⁶Li(⁷Li, p)¹²B Q_m = 8.337
(c) ⁶Li(⁷Li, 2n)¹¹C Q_m = 2.203
(d) ⁶Li(⁷Li, d)¹¹B Q_m = 7.192
(e) ⁶Li(⁷Li, t)¹⁰B Q_m = 1.994
(f) ⁶Li(⁷Li, α)⁹Be Q_m = 15.223

The yield curves for d₀(E(⁶Li) = 4 to 14 MeV), t₀(E(⁷Li) = 5 to 14 MeV) and α₀(E(⁶Li) = 4 to 14 MeV) show broad, uncorrelated structures. Energy-averaged differential cross sections are also reported for a number of ¹²B, ¹¹B and ¹⁰B states (1971WY01). Total cross section measurements have been measured for E(⁷Li) = 3.8 to 6.0 MeV for p₀ → p₂, p₃₊₄, p₅; d₀ → d₃, d₄₊₅, d₆; t₀ → t₂; and α₀: total cross sections generally increase smoothly with energy without showing any structure (1967KI03). The ¹¹C yield has been measured for E(⁶Li) = 1.2 to 3.6 MeV by (1961NO05). See also ⁹Be and ¹⁰B in (1979AJ01) and ¹¹B and ¹²B in (1980AJ01).

2. ⁷Li(⁷Li, n)¹³C Q_m = 18.620

See (1978KA1H) and (1970AJ04).

3. ⁹Be(α, γ)¹³C Q_m = 10.6479

See (1976AJ04).

4. (a) ⁹Be(α, n)¹²C Q_m = 5.7015 E_b = 10.6479
(b) ⁹Be(α, 2n)¹¹C Q_m = -13.020

Resonances for n₀ and n₁, for γ-rays from ¹²C*(4.4, 12.7, 15.1) and resonances in the total neutron cross section are given in Table 13.8 (in PDF or PS). The yield of neutrons to ¹²C*(7.65, 9.64) has been measured in the range E_α = 2.9 - 6.4 MeV (1972OB01). The n₀ and n₁ excitation functions exhibit weak resonance anomalies at E_α = 6.44 MeV corresponding to the J^π = 3/2^-, T = 3/2 state at E_x = 15.11 MeV: see Tables 13.7 (in PDF or PS) and 13.8 (in PDF or PS) (1978HI06). Based on all available information the charge asymmetry of the reduced transition strengths, δ ≡ B(¹³C)/B(¹³N) - 1, δ(M1) = -0.15 ± 0.07 and δ(E2) = 1.0 ± 0.6 (1978HI06).

Polarization measurements have been reported for E_α to 22.9 MeV (see (1976AJ04)) and also at E_α = 2.4 and 2.8 MeV (1976NI01; n₀, n₁) and 100 MeV (1978LE10). Reaction (b) has been studied at a number of energies in the range E_α = 17 to 44 MeV (1970KR00). See also (1975GE19, 1976GE1A, 1977LI19).

5. (a) ⁹Be(α, p)¹²B Q_m = -6.886 E_b = 10.6479
(b) ⁹Be(α, d)¹¹B Q_m = -8.0308
(c) ⁹Be(α, t)¹⁰B Q_m = -13.229

Excitation curves have been measured for E_α = 15 to 25 MeV (1975VA19; d₀, d₁) and 26.5 to 27.5 MeV (1975PU01; d₀ → d₃, d₄₊₅, d₆): no sharp structures are observed. See also ¹¹B in (1980AJ01). At E_α = 26.0 to 27.5 MeV yield curves have been obtained for the t₀, t₁ and t₃ groups: no structure is observed (1974KE06). See also (1976LE1K) and (1968AJ02) for reaction (a).

6. ⁹Be(α, α)⁹Be E_b = 10.6479

A number of exciation functions have been measured for elastically scattered α-particles (reaction (a)) for E_α = 1.4 to 20 MeV: these show considerable resonance structure with the variations being most prominent below 10 MeV but persisting up to 20 MeV. The parameters resulting from a best-fit of the exciation functions are displayed in Table 13.9 (in PDF or PS): see the footnotes to that table for a summary of the most important caveats (1973GO15). A weak resonance is observed in the α₀ yield at E_α = 6.44 MeV corresponding to the excitation of the first T = 3/2 state at E_x = 15.11: see Table 13.7 (in PDF or PS) for the parameters of that state (1978HI06). See also (1974LO1B, 1979AJ01).

7. ⁹Be(⁶Li, d)¹³C Q_m = 9.174

At E(⁶Li) = 23.8 MeV angular distributions are reported to ¹³C*(0, 3.1, 3.6, 6.9, 7.5, 9.9, 10.8, 12.0, 13.3). There is some indication of the population of ¹³C*(9.5, 13.9, 14.5, 15.2, 16.7, 18.5) (1971GO24).

8. ⁹Be(⁷Li, t)¹³C Q_m = 8.181

At E(⁷Li) = 5.6 to 6.2 MeV angular distributions are reported for t₀, t₁, t₂₊₃, t₄ (1969SN02). See also (1976AJ04).

9. ⁹Be(¹²C, ⁸Be)¹³C Q_m = 3.2812

Angular distributions have been measured at E(¹²C) = 12 and 15 MeV (1970BA49, 1971BA68) and E(⁹Be) = 20 MeV (1979JA1G, 1979BO1K) for the transitions to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.85) and in addition to ¹³C*(3.68) in the latter experiment. The neutron spectroscopic factors are 1.15, 0.95, 0.20, 1.02 for the first four states of ¹³C (1979JA1G). See also (1976AJ04). At E(⁹Be) = 50 MeV ¹³C*(6.86, 7.5, 8.2, 9.5, 10.8) are also populated (1977ST20). For yield measurements [total cross sections, and transitions involving ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 3.85, 6.86, 7.5)], see (1977SW05, 1978CH02, 1978MA44, 1979BO06). See also (1977UH1A).

10. ⁹Be(¹⁴N, ¹⁰B)¹³C Q_m = -0.9653

See (1970AJ04).

11. ¹⁰Be(α, n)¹³C Q_m = 3.8361

See (1976EP1A; astrophys.).

12. (a) ¹⁰B(t, p)¹²B Q_m = 6.343 E_b = 23.8766
(b) ¹⁰B(t, d)¹¹B Q_m = 5.1979
(c) ¹⁰B(t, α)⁹Be Q_m = 13.2287

The p₀ and p₁ yields from reaction (a), the d₀ yield from reaction (b) and the α₀ yield from reaction (c) have been determined for E_t = 0.8 to 2.0 MeV. There is no evidence of resonance behavior (1963HO19). See also (1977ST1N; p₀, p₁, p₅, p₆) and (1977CI1A; α₀ → α₃), both in the interval E_t = 0.5 to 1.25 MeV.

13. ¹⁰B(α, p)¹³C Q_m = 4.0626

Proton groups have been observed to the first four states of ¹³C: see (1976AJ04). Angular distributions of p₀ have been measured at many energies up to E_α = 30.4 MeV: see (1970AJ04) and ¹⁴N. For τ_1/2 measurements see Table 13.5 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04). For the decay of ¹³C*(3.85) see Table 13.6 (in PDF or PS) (1980WA24). See also (1976EP1A; astrophys.).

14. ¹⁰B(⁶Li, ³He)¹³C Q_m = 8.083

Comparisons of the relative intensities of the ³He groups in this reaction and of the triton groups in the mirror reaction (see reaction 9 in ¹³N) at E(⁶Li) = 18 MeV suggest that the following states are analogs: 6.86 - 6.36, 7.49 - 7.16, 9.50 - 9.00, 9.90 - 9.48, (10.82 + 10.75) - (10.36 + 10.36) [the first (set of) E_x is in ¹³C, the second in ¹³N]. An angular distribution is also reported for ¹³C*(9.50) and the widths for ¹³C*(7.55, 7.69, 9.50) are determined to be < 30, 60 ± 30 and < 30 keV, respectively (1974HO06).

15. ¹⁰B(⁷Li, α)¹³C Q_m = 21.4099

Angular distributions have been measured at E(⁷Li) = 5.20 MeV for the α₀, α₁, α₂₊₃ and α₄ groups (1966MC05).

16. ¹⁰B(¹⁴N, ¹¹C)¹³C Q_m = 1.140

At E(¹⁰B) = 100 MeV angular distributions are reported for the transitions to ¹³C*(0, 3.68, 7.5, 11.8) (1975NA15, 1976NA09). See also (1979MO14).

17. ¹¹B(d, γ)¹³C Q_m = 18.6787

The 90° γ₀ excitation curve measured for E_d = 1.0 to 4.2 MeV shows a resonance at E_d = 2.0 ± 0.1 MeV (¹³C*(20.4)) with Γ_lab ≈ 0.6 MeV. The angular distributions of γ₀ are isotropic to within 10% on and off resonance, consistent with E1 radiation (1973WE12).

18. ¹¹B(d, n)¹²C Q_m = 13.7323 E_b = 18.6787

The yield of neutrons and γ-rays has been measured for E_d = 0.2 to 11 MeV: observed resonances are displayed in Table 13.10 (in PDF or PS). For a listing of polarization measurements see Table 13.11 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04) and (1975SI22; E_d = 0.9 and 1.2 MeV; n₀, n₁). See also (1974LO1B, 1977SE09) and ¹²C in (1980AJ01).

19. ¹¹B(d, p)¹²B Q_m = 1.145 E_b = 18.6787

Some measurements show that the thin-target yield rises smoothly from E_d = 0.3 to 3.1 MeV with no evidence of resonances: see (1970AJ04). However, (1964BR1A) and (1968CH05) report a resonance in the yields of p₀, p₁ and p₂, and of γ₁ and γ₂: see Table 13.10 (in PDF or PS). For polarization measurements see (1976AJ04) and (1976TA07; 1.0 to 4.0 MeV; p₀). See also (1974FI1D, 1976HA1J), (1977SA25; theor.) and ¹²B in (1980AJ01).

20. ¹¹B(d, d)¹¹B E_b = 18.6787

A polarization measurement has been reported at E_d = 12.6 MeV (1971ZA04). See also ¹¹B in (1980AJ01).

21. (a) ¹¹B(d, t)¹⁰B Q_m = -5.1979 E_b = 18.6787
(b) ¹¹B(d, ³He)¹⁰Be Q_m = -5.7352

See (1976AJ04) and ¹⁰B and ¹⁰Be in (1979AJ01).

22. ¹¹B(d, α)⁹Be Q_m = 8.0308 E_b = 18.6787

At low energies the excitation functions for α₀ and α₁ increase monotonically: see (1970AJ04). Then at E_d = 1.85 MeV a pronounced resonance is observed in the α₀, α₁, α₂ and α₃ yields (1969FR03). Some gross structure is also observed in these yields for E_d = 1.0 to 3.2 MeV (1964BR1A, 1969FR03). See also (1978GR07) and ⁹Be in (1979AJ01).

23. ¹¹B(t, n)¹³C Q_m = 12.4214

See ¹⁴C.

24. ¹¹B(³He, p)¹³C Q_m = 13.1851

Levels derived from proton groups are displayed in Table 13.11 (in PDF or PS). The decay parameters for the first T = 3/2 state at E_x = 15.11 MeV are displayed in Table 13.7 (in PDF or PS) (1973AD02, 1975MA21, 1977MA16). See also reactions 11 and 13 in ¹³N. The reduced aymmetries B(¹³C)/B(¹³N) - 1 are -0.07 ± 0.13, 0.82^+1.2_-0.6, ≤ 0.83 ± 0.29 and -0.04 ± 0.14 for the γ₀(M1), γ₀(E2), γ₁(E1) and γ₂(M1) transitions. Changes in the wave functions due to binding energy differences in ¹³C and ¹³N do not account for the observed asymmetry of the E1 decays of the first excited states in ¹³C and ¹³N (1977MA16): see Table 13.6 (in PDF or PS).

Angular distributions of proton groups have been measured at many energies to E(³He) = 12 MeV: see (1970AJ04, 1976AJ04). See also (1979HAYZ) and (1976EP1A; astrophys.).

25. ¹¹B(α, d)¹³C Q_m = -5.1680

Angular distributions of the d₀ group have been measured at E_α = 15.1 to 25.2 MeV (1975VA19) and 23 and 25 MeV (1967AL16). See also (1976LE1K).

26. ¹¹B(⁶Li, α)¹³C Q_m = 17.205

Angular distributions are reported at E(⁶Li) = 4.72 MeV for α₀, α₁, α₂₊₃, α₄, α₅₊₆₊₇ (1966MC05).

27. ¹¹B(¹⁴N, ¹²C)¹³C Q_m = 8.4063

Angular distributions involving the ground state transitions have been measured at E(¹⁴N) = 41, 77 and 113 MeV (1971LI11). See also (1978DZ1A; theor.).

28. ¹¹B(¹⁶O, ¹⁴N)¹³C Q_m = -2.0576

See (1976AJ04).

29. ¹²C(n, γ)¹³C Q_m = 4.94639
Q₀ = 4946.32 ± 0.05 keV (1978HA14).

See also previous values listed in (1976AJ04) and (1974SP04, 1979GR1J [preliminary value 4946.329 ± 0.024 keV]). The thermal capture cross section is 3.4 ± 0.3 mb (1973MU14). The capture is 32 ± 1% via ¹³C*(3.68) and 68 ± 1% to ¹³C_g.s. (1968SP01). ¹³C*(3.68) decays with E_γ = 3684.28 ± 0.14 keV (1968SP01), 3683.94 ± 0.17 keV (1967PR10): see Table 13.13 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04) for other data. See also (1978AR1N), (1980DO1C; astrophys.) and (1977MA06; theor.).

30. (a) ¹²C(n, n)¹²C E_b = 4.94639
(b) ¹²C(n, n')¹²C*
(c) ¹²C(n, n')⁴He⁴He⁴He Q_m = -7.2748

The coherent scattering length (thermal, bound) a_coh = 6.6535 ± 0.0014 fm; σ_scatt = 4.7456 ± 0.0020 b (1979KO26). See (1978FU1G) for an R-matrix analysis of all the data below the inelastic channel and for best values of the elastic svattering cross sections.

Total cross section measurements in the range 1 keV to 273 GeV/c are listed in Table 13.14 (in PDF or PS) of (1976AJ04) and displayed in (1976GAYV). Recent σ_t measurements are reported by (1979SM08; 0.1 to 4.5 MeV), (1979AU07; 1.2 to 13.9 MeV) and (1980CI03; 4.5 to 8 MeV). Cross sections for populating ¹²C*(4.4) [by observing n₁ or 4.4 MeV γ-rays] have recently been reported by (1975RO30; 4.8 → 20 MeV), (1977DI11; 5 → 19 MeV), (1978HA1P; 8.0 → 14.5 MeV; also n₀), (1978NO04; 8.1 → 9.0 MeV) and (1976GL11; 9 → 15 MeV; also n₀). For the earlier measurements see (1959AJ76, 1970AJ04, 1976AJ04, 1976GAYV).

Observed resonances are displayed in Tables 13.12 (in PDF or PS) and 13.13 (in PDF or PS). The parameters of the resonances with E_n > 6.3 MeV are poorly known.

Polarization measurements have recently been reported at 4.60, 4.82, 5.17 MeV (1979WE1E, 1979WEZP; n₀), 14.2 MeV (1976BR1J, 1976CA13; n₀, n₁) and 15.85 MeV (1976LE1M, 1976TH1B; n₀, n₁). For the earlier work see Table 13.15 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04). For reaction (c) see (1976CO1N) and ¹²C in (1980AJ01). See also (1975BL07, 1976HA1N, 1976TO1C, 1978ME12, 1978SU1E, 1979BE50, 1979FI1B, 1979LAZP, 1979LAZQ, 1979URZZ, 1980LA1D), (1975HO1F, 1976KI1F, 1976LI1H, 1976WA1B, 1976WA1C, 1977LA1H), (1977SM1D; applied) and (1976TH10, 1977PU02, 1978AD1A, 1978CA03, 1978MI1E, 1978MI04, 1979RO1E, 1980SH01; theor.).

31. ¹²C(n, 2n)¹¹C Q_m = -18.721 E_b = 4.94639

See (1975AC1A) and (1976AJ04, 1976GAYV).

32. ¹²C(n, p)¹²B Q_m = -12.587 E_b = 4.94639

The cross section exhibits a weak resonance corresponding to E_x ≈ 20.5 MeV and a stronger structure at E_x ≈ 21.5 MeV: see (1976AJ04). Polarization measurements are reported at E_n-bar = 50 MeV (1977FI1B). See also ¹²B in (1980AJ01) and (1974BO1E, 1975NI1C, 1976GAYV, 1976SL2A, 1979ROZV).

33. (a) ¹²C(n, d)¹¹B Q_m = -13.7323 E_b = 4.94639
(b) ¹²C(n, t)¹⁰B Q_m = -18.9302

For reaction (a) see (1976AJ04). For reaction (b) see (1978QA01). For both see (1976GAYV, 1976SL2A).

34. ¹²C(n, α)⁹Be Q_m = -5.7015 E_b = 4.94639

The cross section for the α₀ group shows a broad structure at E_n ≈ 8 MeV (1963DA12). See also (1978SU1D) and (1976AJ04, 1976GAYV, 1976SL2A).

35. ¹²C(p, π⁺)¹³C Q_m = -135.403

At E_p = 185 MeV, angular distributions have been observed for the π⁺ groups to the ground state of ¹³C and to E_x = 3.08 ± 0.09, 3.80 ± 0.12, 6.87 ± 0.18, 7.57 ± 0.16 and 9.51 ± 0.22 MeV. The shapes of the distributions and the differential cross sections to the various states are quite different: several kinds of reaction processes appear to be involved (1973DA24). Polarization measurements are reported at E_p-bar = 200 MeV to ¹³C*(0, 3.09 + 3.68 + 3.85) (1978AU07)^†. See also (1979PIZZ, 1979SOZY, 1979TSZZ), (1975HU1D, 1976AJ04), (1976MI14, 1976NO1D, 1977KU1G, 1977LE1H, 1978WE1G, 1979CE1A; theor.) and the "Pion capture and reactions" section here.

^† For cross section measurements near threshold see (1979MA38, 1979MA39).

36. (a) ¹²C(d, p)¹³C Q_m = 2.7218
(b) ¹²C(d, np)¹²C Q_m = -2.2246

Measurements of the proton groups are summarized in Table 13.14 (in PDF or PS). Angular distributions have been studied at many energies to E_d = 80.2 MeV: see Table 13.19 (in PDF or PS) in (1976AJ04) for a listing of earlier work and (1979OS11; E_d = 1.58 → 2.20 MeV; p₁). Observed γ-rays are listed in Table 13.16 (in PDF or PS) of (1970AJ04) and in Table 13.6 (in PDF or PS) here: ground state decays have been observed for ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68, 3.85). ¹³C*(3.68) decays via ¹³C*(3.09) with a 0.75 ± 0.04% branch (1980WA24). ¹³C*(3.85) also decays via ¹³C*(3.68) with a 36.0 ± 0.7% branch (1975TR07), 36.3 ± 0.6% (1980WA24) with E_γ = 169.300 ± 0.004 keV (1980WA24) and via ¹³C*(3.09) with a 1.20 ± 0.04% branch (1980WA24). Mixing ratios are given in (1970AJ04). Lifetimes of the first three excited states are displayed in Table 13.5 (in PDF or PS): see (1976AJ04) and (1977HE1D, 1977HE12). The nuclear g factor of ¹³C*(3.85) is 0.59 ± 0.05 (1974BE48).

Reaction (b) has been studied in a kinematically complete experiment at E_d = 5.00 to 9.85 MeV: there is some evidence for p-n final state interaction (1973SA03). See also (1966YO1A, 1976DY05, 1979SI07), (1976EP1A; astrophys.), (1977FI1A, 1978BO1L; applied), (1976HE17, 1976OS07, 1976SE1F, 1976SH13, 1976TA1D, 1977AN1G, 1977TA08, 1978HA1Q, 1979NE1B, 1979ZE1B; theor.) and ¹⁴N.

37. ¹²C(t, d)¹³C Q_m = -1.3109

At E_t = 12 MeV angular distributions have been studied for the d₀ → d₃ groups (1966GL01).

38. ¹²C(³He, 2p)¹³C Q_m = -2.7718

The angular distributions for the transitions to ¹³C*(0, 3.85) have been studied at E(³He) = 40 MeV (1971ST21). The proton decay of various ¹⁴N states to ¹³C_g.s. has been studied by (1974NO74): see ¹⁴N.

39. ¹²C(α, ³He)¹³C Q_m = -15.6314

Angular distributions of the ³He particles have been measured at E_α = 56 MeV (1969GA11; to ¹³C*(0, 3.68 + 3.85)), 104 MeV (1972HA08; to ¹³C(0)) and 139 MeV (1973SM03; to ¹³C*(0, 3.85)). A detailed comparison has been made between the angular distributions of the ground state ³He particles and of the tritons from the mirror reaction ¹²C(α, t)¹³N (1969GA11, 1972HA08).

40. ¹²C(⁷Li, ⁶Li)¹³C Q_m = -2.304

Angular distributions at E(⁷Li) = 48 MeV to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 3.85) have been analyzed and yield spectroscopic factors of 0.80, 0.44, 0.17 and 0.74 for the first four states of ¹³C (1979ZE01). See (1973SC26) for earlier work at E(⁷Li) = 36 MeV.

41. ¹²C(¹¹B, ¹⁰B)¹³C Q_m = -6.5088

See (1974AN36) and (1976AJ04).

42. ¹²C(¹²C, ¹¹C)¹³C Q_m = -13.775

Angular distributions at E(¹²C) = 93.8 MeV have been measured for the transitions to ¹³C*(0, 3.85) (1979FU04). See also (1979HEZX) and (1976AJ04).

43. ¹²C(¹⁴N, ¹³N)¹³C Q_m = -5.607

Angular distributions have been reported at E(¹⁴N) = 78, 100 and 154.8 MeV involving ¹³C*(0, 3.85) [and at 100 MeV ¹³C*(3.09, 7.3 ± 0.3)]: see (1976AJ04) and (1976NA09). More recently angular distributions have been studied at E(¹⁴N) = 28, 32, 34 and 36 MeV (1976BA16). The ratio of the differential cross section to ¹³C_g.s. and that to ¹³N_g.s. (observed via ¹²C(¹⁴N, ¹³C)¹³N), as a function of θ is approximately 1 as expected if mirror symmetry holds (1969VO01, 1970VO02, 1975VO05). See also (1978MA1F) and (1977WE1H, 1978DZ1A, 1978NA15, 1978WE1F, 1979DO13; theor.).

44. ¹²C(¹⁶O, ¹⁵O)¹³C Q_m = -10.7175

Angular distributions are reported at E(¹⁶O) = 128 MeV to ¹³C*(0, 3.85) (1979PR07).

45. (a) ¹²C(¹⁷O, ¹⁶O)¹³C Q_m = 0.802
(b) ¹²C(¹⁸O, ¹⁷O)¹³C Q_m = -3.098

Angular distributions have been studied at E(¹⁷O) = 30.5 and 33.8 MeV (to ¹³C*(0, 3.09)) and at E(¹⁸O) = 32.3 and 35 MeV (to ¹³C_g.s.) (1978CH16).

46. ¹²C(¹⁹F, ¹⁸F)¹³C Q_m = -5.4849

See (1970AJ04).

47. ¹³B(β^-)¹³C Q_m = 13.437

See ¹³B and Table 13.2 (in PDF or PS).

48. ¹³C(γ, γ)¹³C

For τ_m studied by resonance scattering see Table 13.5 (in PDF or PS).

49. (a) ¹³C(γ, n)¹²C Q_m = -4.94639
(b) ¹³C(γ, 2n)¹¹C Q_m = -23.668

The main features of the cross section are a sharp peak corresponding to the T = 3/2 state ¹³C*(15.11) [Γ_γ₀ = 19.7 ± 2.0 eV], the broad pigmy resonance at E_x = 13 MeV [on which peaks are superimposed at E_x = 11.0, 13.8, 16.5 and 17.8 MeV] and the giant resonance at E_x = 24 MeV (σ_max = 9.5 mb) [surrounded by shoulder resonances at E_x = 20.8 and ≈ 30 MeV, both of which appear to decay substantially to highly excited states of ¹²C]. There is also some evidence for a weak resonance at ≈ 37 MeV superimposed on the high energy tail of the GDR (1979JU01: monoenergetic photons). A recent study of the angular distributions of n₀ suggests states at E_x = 7.70 (3/2⁺), 7.95 (3/2⁺), 8.95 ((1/2^-)), 10.0 ((3/2^-)), 11.0 ((1/2⁺)) and 12.05 MeV ((3/2⁺)) (1979WO06). Γ_n and Γ_γ₀ deduced from (γ, n₀) measurements are displayed in Tables 13.12 (in PDF or PS) and 13.15 (in PDF or PS) (1980HO11). For other differential cross section measurements derived from bremsstrahlung measurements see (1977WO04; n₀, 6.0 to 37 MeV; n₁, 10.5 to 35.5 MeV). For reports of other structures see (1976AJ04) and (1976KO22). See also (1977AL18; theor.). For reaction (b) see (1979JU01) and (1976AJ04). See also (1976BE1H, 1976CR1C), (1977DA1B, 1979BE1X) and (1977HO32, 1977MA06, 1979HO17, 1979JOZP; theor.).

50. ¹³C(γ, p)¹²B Q_m = -17.533

(1964DE12) report structures at E_γ = 18.5, 20.0, 23.5, 26.0 and 29.0 MeV. The main part of the cross section is in the 23.5 MeV peak which has Γ ≈ 3 MeV. A broad maximum near 25.5 MeV has been reported by (1956CO72, 1957CO57). The cross section to ¹²B*(0.95) shows a broad maximum at E_γ = 25 MeV (1975PA09). See also (1977HO32, 1977MA06, 1979HO17; theor.).

51. ¹³C(γ, α)⁹Be Q_m = -10.6479

See (1970AJ04).

52. (a) ¹³C(e, e')¹³C
(b) ¹³C(e, ep)¹²B Q_m = -17.533

The elastic scattering has been studied for E_e = 120 to 750 MeV (1970HE24). A number of inelastic groups are seen: see Tables 13.15 (in PDF or PS) and 13.16 (in PDF or PS) (1970WI04, 1971BE51, 1980SO1B). A distinct splitting of the giant resonance into two large peaks near E_x = 20.5 and 24.5 MeV, with widths of ≈ 3 and ≈ 4 MeV, respectively, is observed. It is suggested that these are groupings of narrower peaks [see Table 13.16 (in PDF or PS)]. The E_x = 20.5 and 24.5 MeV resonances are probably T = 1/2 and T = 3/2, although the 4 MeV splitting is somewhat smaller than expected (1971BE51). See also reactions 49 and 50. For radius measurements see (1976AJ04) and the "GENERAL" section here. See also (1977AL1H, 1977AL1J, 1979KI1J, 1979SE06, 1980ER01; theor.).

At E_e = 43 MeV the energy and angular distributions of the protons emitted in reaction (b) suggest the involvement of ¹³C*(21.8?, 24.2, 25.5, 27.5, 31.5) (1971SH09).

53. (a) ¹³C(π^-, π^-)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(π⁺, π⁺)¹³C

The elastic scattering of π⁺ has been studied at E_π⁺ = 48.6 MeV by (1978DY01). At E_π = 162 MeV the inelastic transition to ¹³C*(9.5) is very strongly enhanced in π^- scattering. The enhancement factor σ(π^-)/σ(π⁺) ≈ 9 is consistent with a pure neutron transition and a 9/2⁺ assignment. Also enhanced in π^- scattering (but less strongly) are ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68 + 3.85), (7.49)). ¹³C*(7.55) and a group of states close to 16 MeV are enhanced in π⁺ scattering. The centroid of a group of states near 22 MeV is found in (π^-, π^-') at a higher excitation energy than in (π⁺, π⁺') (1979DE34). At E_π = 180 MeV angular distributions are reported for the transitions to ¹³C*(0, 3.68, 7.55, 9.5, 11.7, 15.0, 17.5): the transitions to ¹³C*(9.5) is enhanced by a factor of 4.0^+2.0_-0.7 (1979SC25) in π^- scattering. Preliminary work is also reported for the inelastic scattering to ¹³C*(16.1, 21.4) [large M4 strength] (1980TR1B). See also the "GENERAL" section here.

54. ¹³C(n, n)¹³C

Angular distributions have been measured at E_n = 1.6 to 6.6 MeV for the n₀ group, and for the n₁, n₂ and n₃ groups at several energies in that range (1978LA1H, 1979KOZU; abstracts). See also (1977NO07; theor.) and ¹⁴C.

55. (a) ¹³C(p, p)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(p, pn)¹²C Q_m = -4.94639

Angular distributions have been studied at E_p = 1.37 to 30.4 MeV [see (1976AJ04)] and at E_p = 6 MeV (1975DE26, 1977SA1B; p₀, p₁, p₃), E_p-bar = 10.0 to 17.5 MeV (1978WE13; p₀), E_p = 35.2 MeV (1980FA07; p₀), 135 MeV (1980RI1A; to ¹³C*(9.50)), 800 MeV (1978BL02; to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 6.86, 7.55, 11.92 ± 0.06)) and 1 GeV (1979AL26; p₀). The work of (1978BL02) suggests J^π = (5/2, 7/2)⁺ for ¹³C*(11.92). Inelastic scattering to ¹³C*(21.3, 21.8), the former with Γ ≈ 0.3 MeV [may be due to unresolved states] is observed at E_p = 135 MeV (1980DE1L; prelim.). Microscopic analyses of the angular distribution to ¹³C*(9.50) [J^π = 9/2⁺] show that the transition is an essentially pure 1p_3/2 to 1d_5/2 neutron transition with a total angular momentum transfer of 4, consistent with the results of the pion scattering (see reaction 53) (1980RI1A).

Reaction (b) has been studied at E_p = 7.9 to 12 MeV (1971OT02: one or more of the ¹³C states at 7.5 MeV seem to be involved) and at E_p = 46 MeV (1974MI05). See also ¹⁴N, (1977BA2G, 1978AL36) and (1977AM1C; theor.).

56. ¹³C(d, d)¹³C

Angular distributions have been measured at E_d = 0.71 to 15 MeV [see (1976AJ04)] and at E_d-bar = 13 MeV (1978DA17; d₀ → d₃) and E_d = 13.6 MeV (1975ZA08; d₀). See also ¹⁵N and (1979DO03; theor.).

57. (a) ¹³C(t, t)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(³He, ³He)¹³C

For reaction (a) see (1980DE1M). Angular distributions of elastically scattered ³He have been studied at E(³He) = 12 to 40 MeV [see (1976AJ04)], at 18, 20 and 24 MeV (1976MA26), at 20 MeV (1977PE23) and at 41 MeV (1980TR02). Angular distributions at E(³He) = 40 MeV have also been reported to ¹³C states at E_x = 3.09, 3.68, 3.85, 6.86, 7.55 ± 0.03, 8.86 ± 0.03 and 11.84 ± 0.03 MeV. ³He groups to ¹³C*(9.50 ± 0.03) and (15.11) are also reported: the latter is weak (1969BA06). At E(³He) = 43.6 MeV angular distributions to ¹³C*(9.498) and to ¹³N*(8.918) [J^π = 1/2^-] (in the (³He, t) reaction) are identical but the cross section in the latter reaction is 1.25 ± 0.15, rather than the factor of 2 expected from isospin symmetry (1980PE1E; prelim.). See also (1980DE1M) and (1977FU1G, 1977FU1H; theor.).

58. ¹³C(α, α)¹³C

Elastic angular distributions have been measured at E_α = 15 to 40.5 MeV. In the range E_α = 24 to 40.5 MeV angular distributions have been reported to ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68 + 3.85, 6.86, 7.5). At E_α = 22 MeV, E_x = 7686 keV, Γ_cm = 70 ± 5 keV (1980FU04; also line shapes). (1976WO11) report S_α = 0.67 for ¹²C_g.s.. The excitation of ⁴He*(20.1) [J^π = 0⁺] has been studied at E_α = 65 MeV (1976JA17). See also (1976PA25, 1977DM1A, 1977SA19, 1978ZE03; theor.).

59. (a) ¹³C(⁶Li, ⁶Li)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(⁷Li, ⁷Li)¹³C

Angular distributions of elastically scattered Li ions have been studied at E(Li) = 4.5 to 34 MeV [see (1976AJ04)], at E(Li-bar) = 9 MeV (1978DR07) and at E(⁶Li) = 40 MeV (1979ZE01). See also (1971SC21) and (1976ST22, 1979SU1F; theor.).

60. ¹³C(⁹Be, ⁹Be)¹³C

The elastic scattering has been studied at E(¹³C) = 28.1 and 36.2 MeV (1979JA04, 1979UN01).

61. (a) ¹³C(¹²C, ¹²C)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(¹³C, ¹³C)¹³C
(c) ¹³C(¹⁴C, ¹⁴C)¹³C

Angular distributions for reaction (a) have been studied at E(¹²C) = 10 to 87 MeV [see (1976AJ04)], 15 MeV (1980VO05; elastic, and to ¹³C*(3.09, 3.85)), 20 to 35.5 MeV (1978CH29; elastic, and to ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68 + 3.85) from 30 MeV), 80 MeV (1979TA1E; elastic), and for the elastic scattering at E(¹³C) = 12 MeV (1976WE28, 1977GU07) and 36 MeV (1976WE21). The spectroscopic factor for ¹³C_g.s. = 0.81 ± 0.04 (1977GU07). For fusion studies see (1976ST12, 1979KO20). See also ¹²C in (1980AJ01), (1978LE1N), (1977WI1C), (1978RO1D; astrophys.) and (1977TR1A, 1978AV1A, 1978CH30, 1978PA1B, 1978TA1B, 1979IM02, 1979GR20, 1979ZE1B; theor.).

For reaction (b) elastic angular distributions have been measured at E(¹³C) = 15 to 24 MeV (1973HE12), while for reaction (c) the elastic distribution has been measured at E(¹³C) = 15 MeV (1972BO68). For a fusion study see (1980CH01). See also (1978TE02, 1980SC1D; theor.).

62. ¹³C(¹⁴N, ¹⁴N)¹³C

The elastic angular distribution has been studied at E(¹⁴N) = 19.3 MeV (1971VO01). See also (1976AJ04) and (1980WI09) for fusion measurements.

63. (a) ¹³C(¹⁶O, ¹⁶O)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(¹⁷O, ¹⁷O)¹³C
(c) ¹³C(¹⁸O, ¹⁸O)¹³C

Elastic angular distributions have been measured for reaction (a) at E(¹⁶O) = 10 to 30 MeV [see (1976AJ04)] and 14 MeV (1976DU04), and at E(¹³C) = 36 MeV (1976WE21) and 105 MeV (1979BR03). For fusion measurements see (1979CH07). Elastic scattering distributions in reaction (b) are reported at E(¹⁷O) = 29.8 and 32.3 MeV (1977CH22, 1978CH03; see also ¹⁷O in (1982AJ01)). For fusion studies see (1980WI09). Elastic scattering in reaction (c) has been studied at E(¹⁸O) = 15, 20 and 24 MeV (1971KN05) and 31 MeV (1978CH03). For a fusion study see (1978CO07). See also (1979GAZV) and (1978SC1E, 1979PAZY; theor.).

64. ¹³C(²⁴Mg, ²⁴Mg)¹³C

See (1979DU10).

65. ¹³C(²⁸Si, ²⁸Si)¹³C

Backward elastic angular distributions are reported at E(²⁸Si) = 77.6 to 94.6 MeV (1979OS01). See also (1975RA33, 1979DE1N).

66. ¹³C(³²S, ³²S)¹³C

See (1975RA33).

67. (a) ¹³C(⁴⁰Ca, ⁴⁰Ca)¹³C
(b) ¹³C(⁴⁸Ca, ⁴⁸Ca)¹³C

See (1978HO1C) and (1977FU1K, 1977UD1A, 1978BA26, 1978PE1E, 1979SA27; theor.).

68. ¹³N(β⁺)¹³C Q_m = 2.221

See ¹³N.

69. ¹⁴C(p, d)¹³C Q_m = -5.9519

Angular distributions have been measured at E_p = 12 to 18.5 MeV [see (1976AJ04)] and at 27 MeV (1975CE04; d₀ → d₃). The spectroscopic factors for the first four states of ¹³C are 1.4, 0.02, 1.8 and 0.13, repspectively (1975CE04).

70. ¹⁴C(d, t)¹³C Q_m = -1.9192

Angular distributions for t₀ → t₃ have been studied at E_d = 12 MeV (1966GL01) and E_d-bar = 14 MeV (1976WE01). The spectroscopic factors for ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 3.85) are 1.00, 0.06, 1.0 and 0.08, respectively (1976WE01). See also ¹⁶N in (1982AJ01).

71. ¹⁴C(³He, α)¹³C Q_m = 12.4013

Angular distributions have been measured at E(³He) = 3 to 4.5 MeV (α₀, α₁) and 3 to 6.6 MeV (α₂, α₃) (1972KE08), at 6, 8 and 10 MeV (1971CO14; α₀) and 44.8 MeV (1966BA13; α₀, α₂ and α to ¹³C*(15.11)). See also ¹⁷O in (1982AJ01).

72. ¹⁴C(¹¹B, ¹²B)¹³C Q_m = -4.807

See (1976AJ04).

73. ¹⁴C(¹²C, ¹³C)¹³C Q_m = -3.2302

See (1976AJ04).

74. ¹⁴C(¹⁴N, ¹³C)¹⁵N Q_m = 2.6568

See (1976AJ04).

75. ¹⁴C(¹⁶O, ¹⁷O)¹³C Q_m = -4.0322

Angular distributions have been measured at E(¹⁶O) = 20, 25 and 30 MeV (1975SC35, 1975SC42): they are well described by DWBA (fixed range approximation). See also (1977GO1D, 1977WE1H; theor.).

76. ¹⁴C(¹⁸O, ¹⁹O)¹³C Q_m = -4.220

See (1976AJ04).

77. (a) ¹⁴N(γ, p)¹³C Q_m = -7.5506
(b) ¹⁴N(γ, np)¹²C Q_m = -12.4970

For E_bs = 15.5 to 29.5 MeV a large fraction of the neutron yield appears to be associated with sequential decay to ¹²C via ¹³C*(7.75, 8.86, 11.80) (1972GE11, 1970SH06). Angular distributions measured in the giant resonance region of ¹⁴N are consistent with the proton decay of (p_1/2)^-1(2s1d) giant dipole states to ¹³C_g.s. and of (p_3/2)^-1(2s1d) states to ¹³C*(3.68) (1974BA37). The population of ¹³C*(3.09, 3.85) has also been reported (1970TH01; E_bs = 29 MeV). See also ¹⁴N.

78. ¹⁴N(n, d)¹³C Q_m = -5.3260

Angular distributions of d₀ have been determined at E_n = 14.1 to 14.7 MeV: see (1970AJ04). Differential cross sections for formation of ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68) have been measured for E_n = 10.1 to 11.0 MeV (1970DI1A). See also ¹⁵N and (1976KI1D, 1978NE1B).

79. (a) ¹⁴N(e, ep)¹³C Q_m = -7.5506
(b) ¹⁴N(p, 2p)¹³C Q_m = -7.5506

For reaction (a) see (1969BA1F). At E_p = 46 MeV, the summed proton spectrum shows transitions to ¹³C*(0, 3.68, 7.5, 11.9) (1970WE09). See also (1976AJ04) and (1977KO1P, 1979MA20; theor.).

80. ¹⁴N(d, ³He)¹³C Q_m = -2.0571

At E_d = 52 MeV, angular distributions have been measured for the ³He particles to ¹³C*(0, 3.09, 3.68, 7.5, 8.86, 9.50, 11.9 ± 0.15) and analyzed by DWBA: J^π = 5/2^-, 1/2^-, 3/2^- and 3/2^-, respectively, are assigned to ¹³C*(7.5, 8.86, 9.50, 11.9) (1968HI01). As expected, angular distributions of ³He and of tritons (from ¹⁴N(d, t)¹³N) to analog states are closely the same: this has been shown for the ground state ³He and triton groups (1966DE1C, 1968GA13: E_d = 28.5 MeV; (1974LU06: E_d = 15 MeV) and for the groups to ¹³C*(8.9 + 9.5) and ¹³N*(9.2) (1968HI01; E_d = 52 MeV). See also ¹⁶O in (1982AJ01).

81. ¹⁴N(t, α)¹³C Q_m = 12.2634

Observed particle groups at E_t = 2.6 MeV are displayed in Table 13.22 (in PDF or PS) of (1976AJ04). See also ¹⁶O in (1977AJ02).

82. ¹⁴N(α, αp)¹³C Q_m = -7.5506

See ¹⁴N.

83. ¹⁴N(⁶Li, ⁷Be)¹³C Q_m = -1.944

An angular distribution has been obtained at E(⁶Li) = 32 MeV for the transition to ¹³C_g.s. and ⁷Be*(0, 0.43) [for the mirror reaction see reaction 40 in ¹³N]: the relative cross sections show a deviation from isospin symmetry which is attributed to Coulomb effects. ¹³C*(3.09) was also populated (1971GR44).

84. ¹⁴N(¹⁴N, ¹⁵O)¹³C Q_m = -0.2536

See (1976AJ04).

85. ¹⁵N(γ, d)¹³C Q_m = -16.1594

See (1979SK04) and ¹⁵N.

86. ¹⁵N(n, t)¹³C Q_m = -9.9020

See (1978BA1M) and ¹⁶N in (1982AJ01).

87. ¹⁵N(p, ³He)¹³C Q_m = -10.6658

At E_p = 43.7 MeV ³He groups have been observed to eleven states of ¹³C: see Table 13.17 (in PDF or PS) (1966CE02, 1968FL03). For a summary of the analysis see (1976AJ04). A study of both angular distributions and analyzing powers in this reaction and in the mirror (p, t) reaction shows that DWBA generally fails to predict the analyzing powers (1974MA12; E_p-bar = 43.8 MeV). Angular distributions have also been measured for the ³He groups to ¹³C*(0, 3.68, 7.55) at several energies in the range E_p = 24.0 to 43.5 MeV (1974PI05, 1975MI01). See also ¹⁶O in (1982AJ01).

88. ¹⁵N(d, α)¹³C Q_m = 7.6874

For α₀ angular distributions see (1970AJ04). ¹³C*(3.09, 3.68, 8.80) are also populated: see (1976AJ04).

89. ¹⁵N(α, ⁶Li)¹³C Q_m = -14.6859

At E_α = 42 MeV, the angular distribution of the ⁶Li particles to ¹³C_g.s. has been measured (1968MI05).

90. ¹⁵N(¹¹B, ¹³C)¹³C Q_m = 2.5193

See (1976AJ04).

91. ¹⁶O(n, α)¹³C Q_m = -2.2156

Angular distributions have been measured for E_n to 18.8 MeV for α₀, α₁, α₂₊₃: see (1970AJ04, 1976AJ04). See also (1976NO1F, 1979SUZW).

92. ¹⁶O(α, ⁷Be)¹³C Q_m = -21.207

At E_α = 42 MeV the angular distribution of the reaction involving ¹³C(0) and ⁷Be*(0 + 0.43) has been measured (1972RU03).

93. ¹⁶O(¹⁴N, ¹⁷F)¹³C Q_m = -6.9503

This reaction has been studied at E(¹⁴N) = 76 and 79 MeV (1976MO03, 1977MO1A) and 155 MeV (1975NA15, 1976NA09). See also (1979MO14).

94. ¹⁶O(¹⁷O, ²⁰Ne)¹³C Q_m = -1.629

At E(¹⁷O) = 35 MeV angular distributions have been measured involving ¹³C_g.s. and ²⁰Ne*(0, 1.63) (1977KA26).

95. (a) ¹⁷O(d, ⁶Li)¹³C Q_m = -4.886
(b) ¹⁸O(d, ⁷Li)¹³C Q_m = -5.680

See (1976AJ04).

96. ²⁰Ne(n, 2α)¹³C Q_m = -6.9465

See (1976AJ04).