A=16N (1977AJ02)

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¹⁶N (1977AJ02)

(See Energy Level Diagrams for ¹⁶N)

GENERAL: See also (1971AJ02) and Table 16.3 [Table of Energy Levels] (in PDF or PS).

Model calculations: (1971AR1R, 1973RE17, 1973SI1G, 1975RA1T).

Reactions involving muons: (1971GR1U, 1971LA17, 1973JO17, 1973KA30, 1973NA28, 1975FU1F, 1975PA01).

Reactions involving pions: (1970AL22, 1971EI01, 1971GU13, 1971SR03, 1973CA25, 1973KA1D, 1973LA1G, 1973LA1H, 1973RE10, 1973SR02, 1974LI15, 1974SZ04, 1975RA1R, 1976TR1A).

Other topics: (1971AR02, 1971SR03, 1972EV03, 1973KO1D, 1973RE17, 1973SI1G, 1973WI15, 1974MA1E, 1974SHYR, 1974VA24, 1975BE31, 1975FE1A, 1976NI1E).

Mass of ¹⁶N: the atomic mass excess of ¹⁶N is 5681.7 ± 2.3 keV (A.H. Wapstra, private communication).

1. ¹⁶N(β^-)¹⁶O Q_m = 10.418

The half-life of ¹⁶N is 7.13 ± 0.02 sec: see Table 16.3 (in PDF or PS) in (1971AJ02). See also (1975SA1D). From the character of the beta decay [see Table 16.23 (in PDF or PS)] it is concluded that ¹⁶N_g.s. has J^π = 2^-: see ¹⁶O. The beta decay of ¹⁶N*(0.12) [J^π = 0^-, τ_1/2 = 5.26 ± 0.05 μsec] to ¹⁶O_g.s. has been studied: the β-decay rate λ_β = 0.43 ± 0.10 sec^-1. Comparison of this value with the rate of the inverse muon-capture reaction in ¹⁶O yields 13 ≤ g_p(q² ≈ M²_μ) ≤ 20 for the induced-pseudoscalar form factor (1975PA01).

2. (a) ⁹Be(⁷Li, t)¹³C Q_m = 8.181 E_b = 20.575
(b) ⁹Be(⁷Li, α)¹²B Q_m = 10.462
(C) ⁹Be(⁷Li, ⁸Li)⁸B Q_m = -17.613

The yields of t₀ and of α₀, α₁ and α₂ have been measured for E(⁷Li) = 4 to 14 MeV at 0°: several broad peaks are observed (1971WY01). The yields of α₀ and α₂ have also been studied for E(⁷Li) = 3.3 and 5.0 to 6.2 MeV (1969SN02). The cross section for reaction (c) rises monotonically for E(⁷Li) = 1.1 to 4 MeV (1957NO17, 1959NO40).

3. ¹⁰B(⁷Li, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 13.990

Angular distributions have been obtained at E(⁷Li) = 16 MeV to ¹⁶N*(3.36, 3.52, 3.96, 4.32, 4.39). The σ_t for ¹⁶N*(3.36, 3.96, 4.32, 4.39), whose J^π are known, follow the 2J_f + 1 relation. From the σ_t for ¹⁶N*(3.52) it follows then that J = 2 if it is a single state or J = 0 and 1 (with one of the two states having odd parity) if the group corresponds to two unresolved states (1975FO10). See also (1974KO1G), and see (1971AJ02) for a discussion of the earlier work of (1966MC05).

4. ¹¹B(⁶Li, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 9.785

See (1966MC05).

5. ¹¹B(⁷Li, d)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.759

See (1966MC05) and (1969TH01: E_x = 297.6 ± 0.9 and 397.8 ± 1.0 keV).

6. ¹³C(α, p)¹⁶N Q_m = -7.421

Not reported.

7. ¹³C(⁷Li, α)¹⁶N Q_m = 9.927

Not reported.

8. ¹⁴C(d, γ)¹⁶N Q_m = 10.475

The cross section has been measured for 1.2 < E_d < 2.6 MeV. It shows some evidence of structure (1964NE09). See also (1971AJ02).

9. ¹⁴C(d, n)¹⁵N Q_m = 7.9827 E_b = 10.475

Observed resonances in the yield of n₀ are displayed in Table 16.4 (in PDF or PS) (1961CH14, 1963IM01). The yields of n₁₊₂, n₃ have been measured by (1967LA11) for 2.9 < E_d < 3.1 MeV. Polarization measurements are reported for E_d = 1.28, 1.55 and 1.88 MeV (1973NI01; n₀) and 2.00 to 3.30 MeV (1974ME32; n₀, n₁₊₂, n₃). See also ¹⁵N in (1976AJ04).

10. ¹⁴C(d, p)¹⁵C Q_m = -1.007 E_b = 10.475

The cross section of the γ-rays to ¹⁵C*(0.74) rise monotonically for 2.7 < E_d < 3.4 MeV where it is ≈ 75 mb (1962CH14). Observed resonances are shown in Table 16.4 (in PDF or PS) (1956DO37). See also ¹⁵C in (1976AJ04).

11. ¹⁴C(d, d)¹⁴C E_b = 10.475

Excitation functions for elastic scattering have been measured for E_d = 4 to 10 MeV. A resonance is observed at E_d = 4.50 ± 0.05 MeV, Γ_cm = 180 keV, l_d = 4, J^π = 3⁺, (4⁺, 5⁺) (1973CO31). See also ¹⁴C in (1976AJ04).

12. ¹⁴C(d, t)¹³C Q_m = -1.9194 E_b = 10.475

See (1976WE01) and ¹³C in (1976AJ04).

13. ¹⁴C(d, α)¹²B Q_m = 0.361 E_b = 10.475

See ¹²B in (1968AJ02).

14. ¹⁴C(t, n)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.217

Not reported.

15. ¹⁴C(³He, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.981

Proton groups have been observed to ¹⁶N states with E_x < 12 MeV and angular distributions (with E(³He) ≤ 15 MeV) lead to the J^π assignments shown in Table 16.5 (in PDF or PS) (1966GA08, 1968HE03, 1972FR05). See also (1975FO06) and (1971AJ02).

16. ¹⁴C(α, d)¹⁶N Q_m = -13.373

At E_α = 46 MeV the angular distributions of five deuteron groups [see Table 16.5 (in PDF or PS)] have been determined: the most strongly populated state is the 5⁺ state, ¹⁶N*(5.73) (1969LU07).

17. ¹⁴N(t, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.843

Angular distributions are reported at E_t = 1.8 MeV (1964SC09) and at 12 MeV (1966HE10, 1975CR02): see Table 16.6 (in PDF or PS) for the observed proton groups. See also (1976AL16) and (1970EL17; theor.).

18. ¹⁵N(n, γ)¹⁶N Q_m = 2.492

The thermal cross section is 24 ± 8 μb (1973MU14, 1974SH1E).

19. ¹⁵N(n, n)¹⁵N E_b = 2.492

The scattering amplitude (bound) a = 6.5 ± 0.2 fm [recommended by (1973MU14)]. The total cross section has been measured for E_n = 0.4 to 32 MeV: see (1971AJ02, 1976GAYV) and (1971ZE02). Observed resonances and parameters derived from R-matrix and phase-shift analyses of these data, angular distributions and polarization measurements are displayed in Table 16.7 (in PDF or PS) (1971DO06, 1971ZE02). See (1971AJ02) for the earlier work, (1972LA1F) and (1971BA95, 1972AG02, 1972BA2C, 1972LI13, 1973BA74, 1973MO16, 1974AY01, 1974HO1L, 1975BA61, 1975MO10, 1975RO31; theor.).

20. ¹⁵N(n, p)¹⁵C Q_m = -8.989 E_b = 2.492

See (1966PR14, 1971PR09, 1976GAYV). See also (1972ED01, 1974BO1E).

21. ¹⁵N(n, α)¹²B Q_m = -7.622 E_b = 2.492

See (1971AJ02).

22. ¹⁵N(d, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 0.267

Levels derived from observed proton groups and γ-rays are listed in Table 16.8 (in PDF or PS). Gamma transitions are shown in the inset of Fig. 2: (1971PA28) report that the branchings of ¹⁶N*(0.40) to ¹⁶N*(0, 0.12, 0.30) are, respectively, (26.6 ± 0.6)%, (73.4 ± 1.6)%, and ≤ 2 × 10^-3% [(1963GI11) had reported a (5 ± 2)% branch for the latter transition]. The 0.30 → 0.12 transition is ≤ 10^-2% (1971PA28).

The mean life of ¹⁶N*(0.12) is 7.58 ± 0.09 μsec (1967BE14); together with the angular distribution analyses this leads to J^π = 0^- for the state. The very strong evidence for J^π = 2^-, 3^- and 1^-, respectively, for ¹⁶N*(0, 0.30, 0.40) is reviewed in (1971AJ02). See also (1972LI13, 1973BA74, 1973MO16, 1975BA61, 1975MO10; theor.) and reaction 1.

23. ¹⁵N(t, d)¹⁶N Q_m = -3.766

Not reported.

24. ¹⁵N(α, ³He)¹⁶N Q_m = -18.087

Not reported.

25. ¹⁵N(¹¹B, ¹⁰B)¹⁶N Q_m = -8.964

See (1969BR1D).

26. ¹⁶C(β^-)¹⁶N Q_m = 8.011

See ¹⁶C.

27. ¹⁶O(n, p)¹⁶N Q_m = -9.636

See (1971AJ02) and (1976KI1D).

28. ¹⁶O(t, ³He)¹⁶N Q_m = -10.400

At E_t = 23.5 MeV ¹⁶N*(0, 0.30) [J^π = 2^-, 3^-] are strongly populated relative to ¹⁶N*(0.12, 0.40) [0^-, 1^-]. This suggests that the 2^- and 3^- states in ¹⁶F are those that are strongly populated in the ¹⁶O(³He, t)¹⁶F reaction [¹⁶F*(0.42, 0.72)] and that the other two states in ¹⁶F [¹⁶F*(0, 0.20)] are 0^- and 1^- [the ordering within the 2^- and 3^-, and the 0^- and 1^- states, in ¹⁶F is ambiguous] (1974FL06). See also ¹⁶O(³He, t) in ¹⁶F.

29. ¹⁷O(d, ³He)¹⁶N Q_m = -8.288

A comparison has been made at E_d = 52 MeV of the population of states in this reaction and in the mirror (d, t) reaction in order to identify T = 1 states in ¹⁶O and in order to study the mass dependence of the 1p spin-orbit splitting: see reaction ¹⁷O(d, t) in ¹⁶O (1974MA23). See also (1973WA1E) and (1976SC36; theor.).

30. ¹⁸O(p, ³He)¹⁶N Q_m = -14.107

At E_p = 43.7 MeV, the angular distribution of the ³He nuclei corresponding to a state at E_x = 9.9 MeV fixes L = 0 and therefore J^π = 0⁺ for ¹⁶N*(9.9): it is presumably the T = 2 analog of the ground state of ¹⁶C. Some lower-lying T = 1 states were also observed (1964CE05). See also (1970OL1B, 1972OH1B).

31. ¹⁸O(d, α)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.247

Forty-three α-particle groups have been observed at E_d ≤ 12 MeV, corresponding to states of ¹⁶N with E_x < 10.3 MeV: see Table 16.8 (in PDF or PS) (1966HE10, 1970BO08, 1970BO09). ¹⁶N*(8.82, 9.8, 10.06) may be related to nearly bound virtual states of 2s_1/2 neutron with ¹⁵N*(6.32, 7.30, 7.57) (1970BO08, 1970BO09). (1975AS02) find τ_m = 6.5 ± 0.5 psec for ¹⁶N*(0.40) and |g| = 1.83 ± 0.13; |M|² for the M1 transition to ¹⁶N*(0.12) is 0.17 ± 0.02 W.u. See also (1969NI09) and ²⁰F in (1978AJ03).

32. ¹⁸O(⁶Li, ⁸Be)¹⁶N Q_m = 2.682

See (1969NI09).

33. ¹⁹F(n, α)¹⁶N Q_m = -1.521

Angular distributions have been reported for E_n = 4.7 to 14.4 MeV: see (1971AJ02) for the earlier references and see (1972FO21; E_n = 5.85 MeV; α_0+1+2+3). See also ²⁰F in (1978AJ03).