A=16N (1971AJ02)

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¹⁶N (1971AJ02)

(See Energy Level Diagrams for ¹⁶N)

GENERAL: See also Table 16.2 [Table of Energy Levels] (in PDF or PS).

Model calculations: (1957EL1B, 1957WI1E, 1959FA1C, 1960RA1A, 1960SH1A, 1960TA1C, 1961BA1F, 1962TA1E, 1964FE02, 1964LE20, 1964ST1B, 1965GI1B, 1966CO1G, 1966CO1H, 1966LE1H, 1966SL1A, 1966TO04, 1967DI1B, 1969BO37, 1969HO1U).

Reactions involving muons and pions: (1963CO1B, 1964AS1A, 1964BA1M, 1964BA1N, 1964CO1C, 1965DE1K, 1965GI1C, 1965JA1E, 1966KI1C, 1966OH1A, 1966WA1K, 1967DE1R, 1967DE1E, 1967RA02, 1967RH1A, 1967RH1B, 1967WA1K, 1969DE1T, 1969GR1E, 1969GR1G, 1969KE12, 1969MY01, 1970RA32).

Other topics: (1964LI1B, 1968AR1F, 1970BA1M).

1. ¹⁶N(β^-)¹⁶O Q_m = 10.422

The half-life of ¹⁶N is 7.13 ± 0.02 sec: see Table 16.3 (in PDF or PS). From the character of the beta decay [see Table 16.24 (in PDF or PS)] it is concluded that ¹⁶N(0) has J^π = 2^-. See ¹⁶O.

2. ⁷Li(¹⁴N, ⁵Li)¹⁶N Q_m = 0.407

See (1957AL78).

3. (a) ⁹Be(⁷Li, α)¹²B Q_m = 10.463 E_b = 20.573
(b) ⁹Be(⁷Li, ⁸Li)⁸Be Q_m = 0.367

The yields of α₀ and α₂ (reaction (a)) have been measured at E(⁷Li) = 3.3 MeV and 5.0 to 6.2 MeV (1969SN02). The cross section for reaction (b) rises monotonically for E(⁷Li) = 1.1 to 4 MeV (1957NO17, 1959NO40). At 4 MeV, the cross section is 70 mb (1960NO1A). See also (1960GE1B; theor.).

4. (a) ¹⁰B(⁷Li, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 13.985
(b) ¹¹B(⁶Li, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 9.782
(c) ¹¹B(⁷Li, d)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.754

At E(Li) = 4.7 to 5.2 MeV, proton and deuteron groups are observed to a number of known states of ¹⁶N with E_x < 9.5 MeV, including states at E_x = 7.66, 8.10, 8.36, 8.83 and 9.47 MeV (± 50 keV). Angular distributions are also reported (1966MC05). See also (1963MO1B).

In reaction (c), the τ_m for ¹⁴N*(0.30, 0.40) are, respectively, > 0.7 and > 0.9 psec. The two transition energies are 297.6 ± 0.9 and 397.8 ± 1.0 keV. The (0.40 → 0.12) transition energy is 276.2 ± 0.8 keV (1969TH01). See also (1964HA09).

5. ¹³C(α, p)¹⁶N Q_m = -7.425

Not reported.

6. ¹⁴C(d, γ)¹⁶N Q_m = 10.471

The cross section has been measured for 1.2 < E_d < 2.6 MeV. It shows some evidence of structure. Assuming compound nucleus formation at E_d = 2.0 MeV, and taking σ = 5 μb, Γ_γ (total) ≈ 20 eV (1964NE09). See also (1959AJ76).

7. ¹⁴C(d, n)¹⁵N Q_m = 7.984 E_b = 10.471

Observed resonances in the yield of ground state neutrons are displayed in Table 16.4 (in PDF or PS) (1961CH14, 1963IM01). The yield of neutrons to ¹⁵N*(5.3, 6.32) has been measured by (1967LA11) for 2.9 < E_d < 3.1 MeV. See also (1964NE09) and ¹⁵N in (1970AJ04).

8. ¹⁴C(d, p)¹⁵C Q_m = -1.007 E_b = 10.471

The cross section of the γ-rays to ¹⁵C*(0.75) rises monotonically for 2.7 < E_d < 3.4 MeV. At E_d = 3.4 MeV it is ≈ 75 mb (1962CH14). Observed resonances are shown in Table 16.4 (in PDF or PS) (1956DO37). See also (1959AJ76) and ¹⁵C in (1970AJ04).

9. ¹⁴C(d, α)¹²B Q_m = 0.361 E_b = 10.471

See ¹²B in (1968AJ02).

10. ¹⁴C(t, n)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.213

Not reported.

11. ¹⁴C(³He, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.977

Thirteen proton groups have been observed corresponding to states of ¹⁶N with 0 < E_x < 5.3 MeV (1966GA08): see Table 16.5 (in PDF or PS). At E(³He) = 12 MeV, four proton groups are observed corresponding to two T = 1 states, and to two T = 2 states at E_x = 9.93 and 11.70 MeV with J^π = 0⁺ and (1^-, 2⁺), respectively, corresponding to the first two states of ¹⁶C (1968HE03). See also (1969BA1Z). Angular distributions of the protons to ¹⁶N*(0, 3.36, 3.52, 3.96) have been measured at E(³He) = 1 to 9 MeV; ¹⁶N(0) has odd parity; the three excited states have even parity (1968DA1N, 1970LI1F). See also (1963WE15, 1964DU1A, 1966DU1B, 1966GO1J).

12. ¹⁴C(α, d)¹⁶N Q_m = -13.376

At E_α = 46 MeV, the angular distributions of five deuteron groups [see Table 16.5 (in PDF or PS)] have been determined: J^π of ¹⁶N*(5.74) (the most strongly populated state) is (5⁺) (1969LU07).

13. ¹⁴N(t, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.840
Q₀ = 4.853 ± 0.010 (1966HE10).

Proton groups observed at E_t = 2.2 to 2.6 MeV (1961SI04) and at 12 MeV (1966HE10) are displayed in Table 16.6 (in PDF or PS). Angular distributions are reported at E_t = 1.8 MeV (1964SC09; p₀ → p₄) and at 12 MeV (1966HE10). At the latter energy they have been analyzed by PWBA: see Table 16.6 (in PDF or PS). See also (1961JA14).

14. ¹⁵N(n, γ)¹⁶N Q_m = 2.487

The thermal cross section is 24 ± 8 μb (1958HU18).

15. ¹⁵N(n, n)¹⁵N E_b = 2.487

The total cross section has been measured for E_n = 0.4 to 6.5 MeV: see (1959SC30, 1962SI05, 1964DO09, 1964DO1D, 1964FO07, 1966FO11). See also (1960SI03, 1960SI12). Observed resonances are displayed in Table 16.7 (in PDF or PS). See also (1964ST25). Angular distributions of elastically scattered neutrons have been measured at a number of energies for E_n = 0.4 to 5 MeV (1962SI05, 1964DO09, 1964DO1D). See also (1963GO1J). See also (1964LE20, 1965BA1N, 1967EB02, 1967EB03, 1968AG1E, 1968HU1F, 1969AN1K, 1969DO05, 1970PO1B).

16. ¹⁵N(n, p)¹⁵C Q_m = -8.990 E_b = 2.487

At E_n = 14.8 MeV, σ = 16 ± 4 mb (1966PR14).

17. ¹⁵N(n, α)¹²B Q_m = -7.623 E_b = 2.487

See (1948JE03, 1964GA1A).

18. ¹⁵N(d, p)¹⁶N Q_m = 0.262
Q₀ = 0.270 ± 0.010 (1966HE10);
Q₀ = 0.267 ± 0.008 (1963SP1B).

Levels derived from observed proton groups and γ-rays are listed in Table 16.8 (in PDF or PS) (1957FR56, 1957WA01, 1957WI1B, 1963GI11, 1966HE10). Gamma transitions are shown in the inset of Fig. 2 (1963GI11).

The half-life of ¹⁶N*(0.12) = 6.7 ± 0.5 μsec (1957FR56), 5.43 ± 0.22 μsec (1959ZI18), 7.58 ± 0.09 μsec (1967BE14), together with the stripping results, leads to J^π = 0^- for ¹⁶N*(0.12): this is confirmed also by the measured α_K which is consistent with that for an E2 transition (1963GI11). The stripping pattern leads to J^π = 0^- or 1^- for ¹⁶N*(0.40). However, since it decays to both ¹⁶N*(0, 0.12) [J^π = 2^-, 0^-, respectively], J^π = 1^- is indicated: see (1956ZI1A, 1957WA01, 1957WI1B). The assignment J^π = 3^- for ¹⁶N*(0.30) is strongly favored by the (p - γ) angular correlation (1957FR56).

19. ¹⁵N(t, d)¹⁶N Q_m = -3.771

Not reported.

20. ¹⁵N(α, ³He)¹⁶N Q_m = -18.091

Not reported.

21. ¹⁵N(¹¹B, ¹⁰B)¹⁶N Q_m = -8.969

See (1969BR1D).

22. ¹⁶C(β^-)¹⁶N Q_m = 8.010

See ¹⁶C.

23. ¹⁶O(n, p)¹⁶N Q_m = -9.639

At E_n = 14.4 MeV, the angular distribution of the neutrons to the (unresolved) first four states of ¹⁶N has been measured by (1964PA11). See also (1959PR73, 1961KA06, 1963AL18, 1964AL22, 1964BI02, 1965GR21, 1966SC05, 1966SC1G).

24. ¹⁶O(t, ³He)¹⁶N Q_m = -10.403

At E_t = 22 MeV, ³He groups have been observed to the first four states of ¹⁶N: E_x = 0, 0.121, 0.305 and 0.395 MeV (± 15 keV) (F. Ajzenberg-Selove and O. Hansen, private communication).

25. ¹⁷O(d, ³He)¹⁶N Q_m = -8.288

Not reported.

26. ¹⁸O(n, t)¹⁶N Q_m = -13.346

Not reported.

27. ¹⁸O(p, ³He)¹⁶N Q_m = -14.110

At E_p = 43.7 MeV, the angular distribution of the ³He nuclei corresponding to a state at E_x = 9.9 MeV fixes L = 0 and therefore J^π = 0⁺ for ¹⁶N*(9.9): it is presumably the T = 2 analog of the ground state of ¹⁶C. Some lower-lying T = 1 states were also observed (1964CE05). See also (1969GA1P).

28. ¹⁸O(d, α)¹⁶N Q_m = 4.244
Q₀ = 4.249 ± 0.015 (1966HE10);
Q₀ = 4.244 ± 0.004 (1967SP09).

Forty-three α-particle groups have been observed at E_d ≤ 12 MeV, corresponding to states of ¹⁶N with E_x < 10.3 MeV: see Table 16.8 (in PDF or PS) (1966HE10, 1970BO08, 1970BO09). ¹⁶N*(8.82, 9.8, 10.06) may be related to nearly bound virtual states of a 2s_1/2 neutron with ¹⁵N*(6.32, 7.30, 7.57) (1970BO08, 1970BO09). τ_m for ¹⁶N*(0.4) = 42 ± 10 psec; |M|² for the M1 transition to ¹⁶N*(0.1) is 0.0350 W.u. (1969NI09). See also (1961LO10, 1964AM1A, 1964MA57) and ²⁰F in (1972AJ02).

29. ¹⁸O(⁶Li, ⁸Be)¹⁶N Q_m = 2.677

τ_m for ¹⁶N*(0.3) = 95 ± 20 psec; |M|² = 0.0126 W.u. (1969NI09).

30. ¹⁹F(n, α)¹⁶N Q_m = -1.524

Angular distributions have been reported for E_n = 4.7 to 14.4 MeV: see (1966BH05, 1966KN02, 1968AN1F, 1968RE07). See also (1959KO60, 1960BO1B, 1965HA1G), (1959AJ76) and ²⁰F in (1972AJ02).