Information on mass chains and nuclides

3	4
5	6
7	8
9	10
11	12
13	14
15	16
17	18
19	20
Group Info
Publications
HTML
General Tables
Level Diagrams
Tables of EL's
NSR Key# Retrieval
ENSDF
Excitation Functions
Thermal N Capt.
G.S. Decays
Half-Lives Table
TUNL Dissertations
NuDat at BNL
Useful Links
Citation Examples
Home
Sitemap
Directory
Email Us

WWW TUNL

GENERAL: See also (1974AJ01) and Table 7.6 [Table of Energy Levels] (in PDF or PS).

Nuclear models: (1974KA11).

Astrophysical question: (1973BA1H, 1973IB1A, 1973SM1A, 1973TR1C, 1973WE1D, 1974KO1C, 1974PA10, 1974RA09, 1974SH1D, 1975HO1C, 1975KI14, 1975SC1H, 1976BE1C, 1976BO1E, 1976CL1A, 1976CO1B, 1976FU1B, 1976GI1C, 1976HE15, 1976PE1A, 1976RA1C, 1976SI1C, 1976VI1A, 1977AU1B, 1977BA1V, 1977BI1E, 1977GA1C, 1977HA1L, 1977KO1J, 1977MO1E, 1977SC1D, 1977SI1D, 1978ME1D).

Electromagnetic transitions: (1974KU06, 1974MU1B, 1976KU07).

Special levels: (1974IR04, 1974KA11, 1976IR1B).

Applied work: (1976WI1B).

Special reactions: (1974BA70, 1974BO08, 1974DI16, 1974HA11, 1974KA22, 1974PA10, 1974PE1C, 1974RA09, 1974RA11, 1975FU01, 1975HO12, 1975HU10, 1975RA12, 1975RA14, 1975RA21, 1975RA25, 1975RE18, 1975RU09, 1975WI1D, 1975ZE01, 1975ZE03, 1976BE1K, 1976BO08, 1976BU16, 1976CU05, 1976DI01, 1976HE15, 1976HU1D, 1976IN04, 1976LE1F, 1976MA1D, 1976MI13, 1976OS04, 1976RA1C, 1976SI1D, 1976ST11, 1977AR06, 1977AS03, 1977BI1E, 1977GO07, 1977ST34, 1977ST1G, 1977YA1B, 1978BI08, 1978CU01, 1978DI04, 1978GE1C, 1978GR1F, 1978WE1D).

Reactions involving pions and kaons: (1975GI1B, 1976EN02, 1977AL21 : [Cross section for ⁷Li(π⁺, π⁰)⁷Be to ⁷Be*(0, 0.43) for E_π = 90 to 210 MeV (1977AL21).], 1977SP1B, 1977WA02, 1978WA02).

Other topics: (1974DA1B, 1974IR04, 1975PN1A, 1976IR1B).

Ground state properties of ⁷Be: (1975BE31).

The decay is complex: see ⁷Li.

2. 4He(3He, γ)7Be

Qm = 1.586

In the range E_α = 0.38 to 5.80 MeV the cross section rises from 8 × 10^-3 to 4 μb (1963PA12, 1969NA24). The capture proceeds mainly by E1, with both s- and d-waves contributing above E_α = 1 MeV (1963TO06). The branching ratio γ₁/γ₀ [⁷Be*(0.43)/⁷Be(0)] is approximately constant at 37% for E_α = 0.57 to 3.2 MeV (1963PA12, 1969NA24). The zero-energy intercept of the cross-section factor S = 0.61 ± 0.07 keV · b and (dS/dE)₀ = -(5.8 ± 0.3) × 10^-4 b using all the data. If the low-energy data (E_c.m. ≤ 0.7 MeV) is fitted using a direct capture calculation (1963TO06) the zero-energy intercept of the cross-section factor is S = 0.51 ± 0.05 keV · b and (dS/dE)₀ = -(2.8 ± 0.4) × 10^-4 b (1969NA24). A second-order (in energy) polynomial fit to the low-energy data (E_c.m. ≤ 0.8 MeV) determines S = 0.61 ± 0.07 keV · b and (dS/dE)₀ = -(5.8 ± 0.3) × 10^-4 b (1969NA24). Recent papers discussing the astrophysical implications of this reaction are (1971BA1A, 1974VA1C, 1976NO1C).

3. (a) 4He(3He, 3He)4He		Eb = 1.586
(b) 4He(3He, p)6Li

Elastic scattering studies have been reported for E(³He) = 1.72 to 140 MeV [see (1974AJ01)] and at E_α = 22.8 to 26.4 MeV (1976ZA11) and 65.3 to 102.7 MeV (1973FE1B). The total reaction cross section at E(³He) = 28 MeV is 433 ± 10 mb (1977KO09). Polarization measurements have been carried out at E(³He) = 7.8 to 13 MeV and E_α = 4.3 to 18.5 MeV [see (1974AJ01)], E(³He) = 18 → 32 MeV (1978LU05), and at E_α = 24.5 to 42 MeV (1976BA1L; on ³He-bar), E(³He-bar) = 38.2 MeV (1976BIZO) and at E_α = 98 MeV (1973FE1B). For an R-matrix analysis of the ²F_5/2 state at E_x = 6.73 MeV, see (1976DO1B).

For l ≤ 4, only f-wave phase shifts show resonance structure for E(³He) < 18 MeV, corresponding to ⁷Be*(4.57, 6.73, 9.27): see Table 7.7 (in PDF or PS) (1967SP10). No structure corresponding to ⁷Be*(7.21) (J^π = 5/2^-) is seen in the elastic data. The s-wave phase shift is somewhat greater than hard-sphere; the p-wave splitting agrees with (1964BA09, 1967SP10). The decay of ⁷Be*(9.27) (J^π = 7/2^-) to ⁶Li(0) requires f-shell configuration admixture. An estimate of the yield of ground state protons relative to those corresponding to ⁶Li*(2.19) yields γ²(p₀)/γ²(p₁) = (16⁺⁵_-10)% (1967SP10). A phase shift analysis (single-level R-matrix) has been carried out for E(³He) = 18 to 32 MeV: the p-wave phase shifts indicate a 1/2^- state at E_x ≈ 16.7 MeV (E_r = 26.4 MeV), with Γ = 6.5 MeV (1978LU05). At higher energies [E(³He) = 27.2 to 42.8 MeV] (1969SC16) report that the s- and f-wave phase shifts fall appreciably below the predictions of resonating group calculations, while (1970BR42) see some indication of broad resonant structure at E(³He) ≈ 34 MeV, in rough qualitative agreement with such calculations. The bremsstrahlung cross section at E(³He) = 7.4 MeV is 12.6 ± 3.4 μb/sr² (1973FR17).

The differential reaction cross section for reaction (b) has been determined for E(³He) = 8 to 18 MeV (1967SP10) and at 28 MeV (1977KO09: d₀, d₁, d₂): resonances are observed corresponding to ⁷Be*(7.21, 9.27) in the p₀ yield and to ⁷Be*(9.27) in the p₁ yield: see Table 7.7 (in PDF or PS) (1967SP10). A study of the γ-rays from ⁶Li*(3.56) (p₂) carried out at E(³He) = 13.8 to 18.5 MeV shows the excitation of two J^π = 3/2^- states at E_x ≈ 10.0 MeV (T = 1/2) and 11.00 ± 0.05 MeV (Γ = 400 ± 50 keV, θ²_p2 = 0.13 ± 0.02, T = 3/2). The T = 3/2 resonance is evidenced mainly through interference. There is also some evidence for an extremely broad J^π = 1/2^- structure at E_x ≳ 10 MeV (1967HA07, 1967HA08: see also ⁶Li(p, p)⁶Li). At E(³He) = 28 MeV sequential breakup via ⁶Li*(2.19) significantly contributes to the reaction mechanism (1977KO09).

See also (1975TO1A, 1978BR1E) and (1974BA40, 1974KO03, 1974TE05, 1975BA05, 1975CL1C, 1975KU09, 1975TA1A, 1977BA1N, 1977BU01, 1977SA1C, 1978LE13; theor.).

4. 4He(α, n)7Be

Qm = -18.992

The production cross section for ⁷Be has been measured for E_α = 39.4 to 47.4 MeV: it is essentially equal to that for the (α, p) reaction above 43 MeV but is smaller below because of threshold effects. See also (1977RA1B; prelim., E_α = 400, 600 and 1000 MeV). For a discussion of the production of ⁷Li in the galaxy, see (1975KI14, 1977KI12) and reaction 4 in ⁷Li. See also (1974KO1C; astrophys.) and ⁸Be.

5. 6Li(p, γ)7Be

Qm = 5.606

Gamma transitions are observed to the ground (γ₀) and to the 0.43 MeV (γ₁) states. The yield shows no evidence of resonance for E_p = 0.2 to 1.0 MeV and the branching ratio remains approximately constant at (62 ± 5)% to the ground state, 38% to ⁷Be*(0.43), < 4% to ⁷Be*(4.57): see (1974AJ01).

6. (a) 6Li(p, p)6Li		Eb = 5.606
(b) 6Li(p, 2p)5He	Qm = -4.59
(c) 6Li(p, pα)2H	Qm = -1.4735

Measurements of elastic angular distributions have been reported for E_p = 0.5 to 600 MeV: see (1966LA04, 1974AJ01) and ⁶Li. Two resonances are reported at E_p = 1.84 and 5 MeV in the elastic yield [⁷Be*(7.21, 9.9)]. The parameters of the lower resonance are shown in Table 7.4 (in PDF or PS) (1963MC09). The 5 MeV resonance has Γ ≈ 1.8 MeV and appears to also be formed by p-waves: γ²_p is then 3 ± 2 MeV · fm. A weak rise near E_p = 8 to 9 MeV may indicate a further level, ⁷Be* ≈ 13 MeV (1963HA53). A broad resonance at E_p = 14 MeV is suggested by (1977NEZX). Polarization measurements have been carried out for E_p = 1.2 to 155 MeV [see (1974AJ01)], at E_p-bar = 32 MeV (1976MOZF: p₁, p₂). A phase shift analysis for E_p = 0.5 to 5.6 MeV shows that only ²S, ⁴S and ⁴P are involved. The ⁴P_5/2 phase resonates at E_p = 1.8 MeV, and the broad resonance at 5 MeV can be reproduced equally well by either ⁴P_3/2 or ⁴P_1/2: tensor polarization measurements are necessary to distinguish between the two (1969PE22). An R-matrix analysis of the ²F_5/2 state at E_x = 6.73 MeV is reported by (1976DO1B).

The reaction cross section for formation of ⁶Li*(2.19) has been measured for E_p = 3.6 to 9.40 MeV: a broad resonance indicates the presence of a state with E_x ≈ 10 MeV, Γ = 1.8 MeV, J^π = (3/2, 5/2)^-, T = 1/2 (1967HA07, 1967HA08). The cross-section and angular distributions of p₂ (⁶Li*(3.56)) for E_p = 4.26 to 9.40 MeV is analyzed in terms of two J^π = 3/2^- states at E_x ≈ 10 and 11 MeV: see reaction 3 (1967HA07, 1967HA08). The total cross section for formation of ⁶Li*(3.56) decreases slowly with energy for E_p = 24.3 to 46.4 MeV (1968AU06). The reaction cross section has been measured for E_p = 25.0 to 48 MeV by (1976SOZW).

For reaction (b) see ⁵He and (1977NA16). For reaction (c) see ⁶Li and the polarization measurements of (1974DU10) and (1976DU1C) at E_p = 40 and 19.4 MeV, respectively. See also (1977FR1F, 1978FR1D), (1977MC1C; applied) and (1975BA05, 1977BI1E, 1978MA37; theor.).

7. 6Li(p, n)6Be

Qm = -5.070

Eb = 5.606

The yield of neutrons increases approximately monotonically from threshold to E_p = 14.3 MeV (1964BA16). For polarization measurements at E_p = 30 and 50 MeV, see (1969RO20). See also ⁶Be.

8. 6Li(p, d)5Li

Qm = -3.44

Eb = 5.606

See ⁵Li.

9. 6Li(p, α)3He

Qm = 4.0201

Eb = 5.606

Over the range E_p = 25 to 50 keV, the cross section rises from 0.8 to 72 μb: in the formula σ ≈ E^-1e^{-B/√E(square root of E)}, B = 90 ± 6 keV^1/2 (1967FI05). Cross-section measurements for E_p = 62 to 188 keV show deviation from an s-wave Gamow plot above ≈ 130 keV (1966GE11). Using cross-section measurements at E_p = 151 and 317 keV, as well as the (1966GE11) data (1971SP05) calculate S(0) = 3.0 MeV · b. See also (1978EL1A: E_p = 0.1 to 1.0 MeV).

At higher energies the cross section exhibits a broad, low maximum near E_p = 1 MeV and a pronounced resonance at E_p = 1.85 MeV (1951BA79, 1956MA91) and (1977LI01: Γ < 0.5 MeV; E_p = 1.0 to 2.6 MeV). No other structure is reported up to E_p = 5.6 MeV: see (1974AJ01). Measurements between E_p = 0.4 and 3.4 MeV show that the polarizations are generally large and positive. The E_p = 1.9 MeV resonance appears in A₁ and A₂ (1968BR18).

Angular distributions have been reported for E_p = 0.15 to 16 MeV [see (1974AJ01)] and at E_p = 0.5 to 1.82 MeV (1974JO08), 1.0 to 2.0 MeV (1977LI01), 25.5 to 45 MeV (1974SC24) and 45 MeV (1971BR12). Angular distributions at E_p = 8 to 18.5 MeV have been analyzed using a finite-range multi-interaction DWBA formalism. The analysis leads to reduced widths of 0.69 for α + d in a relative s-state, 0.04 for α + d in a relative d-state and 0.44 for ³He + t in a relative s-state (1973WE07). A polarization measurement is reported at E(⁶Li) = 16.8 MeV (1976FI1B).

See (1971BR12) for a discussion of the search for excited states of ³He. See also (1974VA33), (1978PR1B; applied) and (1973LI23, 1975CL1C, 1975WI1C; theor.).

10. 6Li(d, n)7Be

Qm = 3.382

Angular distributions of the n₀ and n₁ groups have been measured at E_d = 0.24 to 3.5 MeV [see (1974AJ01)] and at E_d = 0.204 to 0.873 MeV (1977EL09) and 15.25 MeV (1975AZ02).

The n-γ correlations are isotropic, indicating J^π = 1/2^- for ⁷Be*(0.43) (1956NE13). Broad maxima are observed in the ratio of low-energy to high-energy neutrons at E_d = 4.2 and 5.1 MeV [⁷Be*(6.5, 7.2), Γ_c.m. = 1.2 and 0.5 MeV, respectively] (1957SL01). See also (1974MCZS, 1975MC02, 1977GL05) in ⁸Be.

11. 6Li(3He, d)7Be

Qm = 0.113

Angular distributions of the d₀ and d₁ groups to ⁷Be*(0, 0.43) have been measured at E_d = 8, 10, 14 and 18 MeV: all the distributions show an l = 1 maximum at small angles. The DWBA analysis leads to a ratio of spectroscopic factors S*/S [for ⁷Be*(0.43)/⁷Be(0)] = 1.55, in fair agreement with other measurements (1968LU02).

12. 6Li(α, t)7Be

Qm = -14.208

Angular distributions of t₀, t₁ and t₂ have been reported at E_α = 40 to 46 MeV: see (1974AJ01). [Some of the reported work is unpublished.]

13. 6Li(6Li, αn)7Be

Qm = 1.908

See (1977RU06) and ¹²C in (1980AJ01).

14. 7Li(p, n)7Be

Qm = -1.644

E_thresh. = 1880.59 ± 0.08 keV [recommended by (1970RO07)]. The excitation energy of ⁷Be*(0.43) is 429.20 ± 0.10 keV (1972BO02); τ_m = 192 ± 25 fsec (1966PA11). [(1976DO10) report 136 ± 10 fsec.] Angular distributions are reported at E_p = 1.9 to 50 MeV [see (1974AJ01)] and at 2.1 to 3.8 MeV (1974BU16: n₀), 3.1 to 4.9 MeV (1976BR42: n₁), 14.9 and 17.8 MeV (1974AR05: n₀, n₁ (not resolved at the lower energy)), 15.1 to 26 MeV (1976PO06: n₀, n₁), and 24.8, 35.0 and 45.0 MeV (1977SC37: n₀, n₁). (1976PO06) also report the population of ⁷Be*(4.55, 6.51, 7.19, 10.79). See also (1977RI07: E_p = 800 MeV) and (1974AJ01).

See also (1976RO10, 1977LO10), (1973RY03, 1974JA1M, 1976NE1B, 1976WA1E, 1978GO1E; applied), (1977ME1C; theor.) and ⁸Be.

15. 7Li(3He, t)7Be

Qm = -0.880

Angular distributions have been measured at E(³He) = 3.0 to 4.0 MeV (1969OR01: t₀, t₁). See also (1974AJ01). The width of ⁷Be*(4.57), Γ_c.m. = 175 ± 7 keV (1971PI06). See also (1974LO1B).

16. 7Li(6Li, 6He)7Be

Qm = -4.369

See (1974AJ01).

17. 9Be(p, t)7Be

Qm = -12.083

Angular distributions of tritons have been measured at E_p = 43.7 MeV (1965DE08, 1966CE05, 1968BR23: ⁷Be*(0, 0.43, 4.57, 6.51, 11.01)) and 46 MeV (1967VE01: ⁷Be*(0 + 0.43, 4.57, 6.51, 10.69)). The 11 MeV state has E_x = 11.01 ± 0.04 MeV (1968BR23), Γ = 298 ± 25 keV, J^π = 3/2^-, T = 3/2 [the J^π; T assignments are based on the similarity of the angular distribution to that in the (p, ³He) reaction to ⁷Li*(11.13)] (1965DE08). The ratio of the cross section for formation of ⁷Be*(0.43) to that for formation of ⁷Li*(0.48) [in the (p, ³He) mirror reaction] has been measured for E_p = 14.8 to 27 MeV (1975HA1K).

18. 10B(p, α)7Be

Qm = 1.146

Angular distributions have been measured for E_p = 2.8 to 7.0 MeV (1964JE01). See also (1966YO1A), (1974AJ01) and ¹¹C in (1975AJ02).

19. 10B(3He, 6Li)7Be

Qm = -2.874

At E(³He) = 30.0 MeV angular distributions have been obtained for the transitions to ⁷Be*(0, 0.43) + ⁶Li*(0, 2.19): see (1970DE12, 1972OH01).

20. 10B(α, 7Li)7Be

Qm = -16.202

At E_α = 45.6 MeV (1969FO06) have measured the angular distributions of the ⁷Li and of the ⁷Be ions, corresponding to the ground state transitions. At a given angle the intensities of the two ions are the same, implying that the wave functions of the ground states of ⁷Li and ⁷Be are very similar (1969FO06).

21. 10B(7Li, 10Be)7Be

Qm = -1.418

See (1977KO27).

22. 11B(d, 6He)7Be

Qm = 11.560

See (1974AJ01).

23. 11B(3He, 7Li)7Be

Qm = -7.079

See (1971RO1A).

24. 12C(p, 6Li)7Be

Qm = -22.568

Angular distributions have been measured at E_p = 36.0, 40.7, 45.0, 50.0 and 56.8 MeV (1971BR07, 1971HO25; ⁷Be*(0 + 0.43)) and 51.9 MeV (1976KA14; ⁷Be*(0, 0.43)). See also (1978KU02; theor.).

25. 12C(d, 7Li)7Be

Qm = -17.542

At E_d = 39.8 MeV angular distributions have been measured for the transitions ⁷Li(0) + ⁷Be(0), ⁷Li*(0.48) + ⁷Be(0), ⁷Li(0) + ⁷Be*(0.43) and ⁷Li*(0.48) + ⁷Be*(0.43). The ratios of the ⁷Li(0) and ⁷Be(0) cross sections show asymmetries exceeding 20% (1971YO06). See also (1974VA1A).

26. 12C(3He, 8Be)7Be

Qm = -5.781

Angular distributions have been obtained at E(³He) = 25.5 to 29 MeV (1976PI10: ⁷Be*(0, 0.43)) and 28 and 30 MeV (1970DE12: ⁷Be*(0, 0.43)+⁸Be*(0, 2.9)). See also (1974AJ01), (1976PA07, 1973OG1A), (1974DO03; theor.) and ¹⁵O in (1976AJ04).

27. 12C(α, 9Be)7Be

Qm = -24.693

At E_α = 42 MeV, angular distributions have been measured to ⁷Be*(0, 0.43) + ⁹Be(0) (1972RU03).

28. 13C(p, 7Li)7Be

Qm = -20.264

At E_p = 45.0 MeV the angular distribution has been measured for the transition to ⁷Li(0) + ⁷Be(0) (1971BR07).

29. 14N(3He, 10B)7Be

Qm = -10.027

See (1976RO04).

30. 14N(6Li, 13C)7Be

Qm = -1.944

See ¹³C in (1976AJ04).

31. 16O(p, 10B)7Be

Qm = -25.270

See (1974AJ01).

32. 16O(3He, 12C)7Be

Qm = -5.576

Angular distributions are reported at E(³He) = 30 MeV (1970DE12: to ¹²C*(0, 4.4, 7.7, 9.6) + ⁷Be*(0, 0.43)). See also (1974AJ01).

33. 16O(α, 13C)7Be

Qm = -21.207

At E_α = 42 MeV, angular distributions have been obtained for the transitions to ⁷Be*(0, 0.43) + ¹³C(0) (1972RU03).

34. 19F(d, 14C)7Be

Qm = -7.142

The angular distributions to ⁷Be*(0 + 0.43) + ¹⁴C(0) has been measured at E_d = 14.9 MeV (1967DE03).

35. (a) 19F(3He, 15N)7Be	Qm = -2.428
(b) 20Ne(3He, 16O)7Be	Qm = -3.145

(1970DE12) have studied at E(³He) = 30 MeV the angular distributions to ¹⁵N(0) + ⁷Be*(0, 0.43) and to ¹⁶O*(0, 6.06 + 6.13) + ⁷Be*(0, 0.43).