A=10Be (1988AJ01)

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¹⁰Be (1988AJ01)

(See Energy Level Diagrams for ¹⁰Be)

GENERAL: See also (1984AJ01) and Table 10.1 [Table of Energy Levels] (in PDF or PS).

Model calculations: (1983MI1E, 1983SH38, 1984NI12, 1984VA06, 1985KW02).

Special states: (1984NI12, 1984VA06, 1987AB1H, 1987BL18).

Electromagnetic transitions: (1984NI12).

Astrophysical questions: (1984BE1F, 1984EN1A, 1984NE1D, 1984SA1D, 1985WE1A, 1987EL1E, 1987GR1Q, 1987NA1M, 1987SO1E, 1988BE1B, 1988FE1A, 1988HA1M).

Complex reactions involving ¹⁰Be: (1983EN04, 1983OL1A, 1983WI1A, 1984GR08, 1984HI1A, 1984ST1B, 1985JA18, 1985MA13, 1985PO11, 1985TA18, 1985TR1B, 1986AN1F, 1986AV1B, 1986BA69, 1986CS1A, 1986HA1B, 1986ME06, 1986PO06, 1986SA30, 1986SIZS, 1986SO10, 1986WE1E, 1987AR19, 1987BA38, 1987BA39, 1987CH26, 1987DE37, 1987FE1A, 1987GR11, 1987GU04, 1987JA06, 1987KI05, 1987NA01, 1987TAZU, 1987TR05, 1987VI02, 1987VI14, 1987WA09, 1987YA16, 1988BL09, 1988CA06, 1988KI05, 1988KR11, 1988RU01, 1988SA19).

Applications: (1983FA1B, 1983KU1C, 1983LI1A, 1983NE1A, 1983SH1G, 1983TU1A, 1984BE1F, 1984BE1H, 1984BO1E, 1984DO1B, 1984EL1B, 1984EL1C, 1984EN1A, 1984HE1B, 1984HE1C, 1984HO1E, 1984IM1A, 1984KL1A, 1984MA1K, 1984MI1D, 1984NE1C, 1984NE1E, 1984PO1C, 1984RA1D, 1984SE1B, 1984SE1D, 1984SH1L, 1984SO1A, 1984SO1B, 1984SP1B, 1984SU1B, 1984TU1A, 1984TU1C, 1984VA1D, 1985BE1D, 1985RA1A, 1985YI1A, 1986NI1A, 1986SU1H, 1986TE1A, 1987BE1X, 1987BR1Q, 1987BR1U, 1987DE1P, 1987EI1A, 1987EL1E, 1987GO1W, 1987GR1Q, 1987IN1A, 1987JA1G, 1987KU1L, 1987LA1G, 1987LA1I, 1987MO1F, 1987NA1M, 1987OE1A, 1987RA1N, 1987RE1H, 1987SE1D, 1987SE1E, 1987SH1N, 1987VA1S).

Muon and neutrino capture and reactions: (1984KO24).

Reactions involving pions and kaons (See also reactions 3, 10, 15 and 17.): (1982BE1D, 1984KA1C, 1985BE1K, 1985TU1B, 1986BE1P, 1986RA16).

Hypernuclei: (1982KA1D, 1982WA1A, 1983BA1D, 1983FE07, 1983MI1E, 1983PO1D, 1984BO1D, 1984BO1G, 1984CH1G, 1984DZ1A, 1984ER1A, 1984KO1F, 1984SH1J, 1985AH1A, 1985IK1A, 1986AN1R, 1986BA1W, 1986BO1E, 1986DA1B, 1986MA1C, 1986PO1H, 1986WA1J, 1986ZH1B, 1987BO1L, 1987BO1O, 1987MI38, 1987PO1H, 1987WU05, 1988GI1B).

Other topics: ( 1984PO11, 1985AN28, 1985WI1B).

Ground-state properties of ¹⁰Be: ( 1983ANZQ, 1984FR13, 1984NI12, 1985AN28, 1985SA32, 1985TA18, 1986WI04, 1987BL18, 1987HA30, 1987LE33, 1987SA15, 1988JO1C).

The interaction nuclear radius of ¹⁰Be is 2.46 ± 0.03 fm [(1985TA18), E = 790 MeV/A; see also for derived nuclear matter, charge and neutron matter r.m.s. radii].

B(E2) (↑) for ¹⁰Be*(3.37) = (5.2 ± 0.6) × 10^-3 e² · b² [Q₀ = 0.229 ± 0.013 b] (1987RA01).

1. ¹⁰Be(β^-)¹⁰B Q_m = 0.5561

The half-life of ¹⁰Be is (1.51 ± 0.06) × 10⁶ y (1987HO1P). Log ft = 13.397 ± 0.017 (M.J. Martin, private communication). For the earlier work see (1974AJ01).

2. (a) ⁷Li(t, γ)¹⁰Be Q_m = 17.2498
(b) ⁷Li(t, n)⁹Be Q_m = 10.4378 E_b = 17.2498
(c) ⁷Li(t, p)⁹Li Q_m = -2.386
(d) ⁷Li(t, t)⁷Li
(e) ⁷Li(t, α)⁶He Q_m = 9.839

The yield of γ₀ and γ₁ has been studied for E_t = 0.4 to 1.1 MeV [¹⁰Be*(17.79) is said to be involved]: see (1984AJ01). The neutron yield exhibits a weak structure at E_t = 0.24 MeV and broad resonances at E_t ≈ 0.77 MeV [Γ = 160 ± 50 keV] and 1.74 MeV: see (1966LA04) [¹⁰Be*(17.79, 18.47)]. The total cross section for reaction (c), the yield of neutrons (reaction (b) to ⁹Be*(14.39)), and the yield of γ-rays from ⁷Li*(0.48)(reaction (d)) all show a sharp anomaly at E_t = 5.685 MeV: J^π = 2^-; T = 2 is suggested for a state at E_x = 21.22 MeV. The total cross section for α₀ (reaction (e)) and the all-neutrons yield do not show this structure: see (1983AB1A), (1984AJ01) and (1985DE19; theor.). An additional anomaly in the proton yield is also reported at E_t = 8.5 MeV [¹⁰Be*(23.2)] [see (1987AB15)]. Differential cross sections and S-factors are reported by (1983CE1A) for E_t = 70 to 110 keV for ⁶He*(0, 1.80). The zero-energy S-factor for ⁶He*(1.80) is 14 ± 2.5 MeV · b. The relevance to an Li-seeded tritium plasma is discussed by (1983CE1A). See also (1987AB09), (1985CA41; astrophys.) and (1986AB10; theor.).

3. ⁷Li(³He, π⁺)¹⁰Be Q_m = -122.337

Cross sections have been measured to ¹⁰Be*(3.37, 6.2[u], 7.4[u] [u = unresolved]) at E(³He) = 235 MeV. The ground-state group is not seen: its intensity at θ_lab = 20° is ≤ 0.1 that to ¹⁰Be*(3.37) (1984BI08).

4. ⁷Li(α, p)¹⁰Be Q_m = -2.5642

See (1987BI1C) and (1979AJ01).

5. ⁷Li(⁷Li, α)¹⁰Be Q_m = 14.782

See (1974AJ01).

6. ⁹Be(n, γ)¹⁰Be Q_m = 6.8120

The thermal capture cross section is 8.49 ± 0.34 mb (1986CO14). Reported γ-ray transitions are displayed in Table 10.2 (1983KE11). Partial cross sections involving ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96) are listed in (1987LY01). See also (1984SH1P, 1984SH1R) and (1985MU03, 1986MU1B, 1986RA1B, 1987LY01, 1988MU05; theor.).

See Table 10.2 (in PDF or PS).

7. (a) ⁹Be(n, n)⁹Be E_b = 6.8120
(b) ⁹Be(n, 2n)⁸Be Q_m = -1.6654

The scattering amplitude (bound) a = 7.778 ± 0.003 fm, σ_free = 6.151 ± 0.005 b (1981MUZQ). The difference in the spin-dependent scattering lengths, b⁺ - b^- is +0.24 ± 0.07 (1987GL06). See also (1987LY01). Total cross section measurements have been reported for E_n = 2 × 10^-3 eV to 2.6 GeV/c [see (1979AJ01, 1984AJ01)] and at 24 keV (1983AI01), 7 to 15 MeV (1983DA22; also reaction cross sections) and 10.96, 13.89 and 16.89 MeV (1985TE01; for n₀ and n₂).

Observed resonances are displayed in Table 10.3 (in PDF or PS). Analysis of polarization and differential cross section data leads to the 3^-, 2⁺ assignments for ¹⁰Be*(7.37, 7.55). Below E_n = 0.5 MeV the scattering cross section reflects the effect of bound 1^- and 2^- states, presumably ¹⁰Be*(5.960, 6.26). There is also indication of interference with s-wave background and with a broad l = 1, J^π = 3⁺ state. The structure at E_n = 2.73 MeV is ascribed to two levels: a broad state at about 2.85 MeV with J^π = 2⁺, and a narrow one, Γ ≈ 100 keV, at E_n = 2.73 MeV with a probable assignment of J^π = 4^-. The 4^- assignment results from a study of the polarization of the n₀ group at E_n = 2.60 to 2.77 MeV. A rapid variation of the polarization over this interval is observed, and the data are consistent with 4^- (l = 2) for ¹⁰Be*(9.27). A weak dip at E_n ≈ 4.3 MeV is ascribed to a level with J ≥ 1. See (1974AJ01) for references. The analyzing power has been measured for E_n = 1.6 to 15 MeV [see (1984AJ01)] and at E_n = 9 to 17 MeV (1984BY03; n₀, n₂).

The non-elastic and the (n, 2n) cross sections rise rapidly to ≈ 0.6 b (≈ 0.5 b for (n, 2n)) at E_n ≈ 3.5 MeV and then stay approximately constant to E_n = 15 MeV: see (1979AJ01, 1984AJ01). For total γ-ray production cross sections for E_n = 2 to 25 MeV, see (1986GO1L). See also (1983GO1H, 1984SH1P, 1984SH1R, 1986MU07), (1985PE06; applications) and (1986DU1G, 1987HAZS; theor.).

8. (a) ⁹Be(n, p)⁹Li Q_m = -12.824 E_b = 6.8120
(b) ⁹Be(n, d)⁸Li Q_m = -14.662
(c) ⁹Be(n, t)⁷Li Q_m = -10.438

Cross sections have been measured at E_n = 14.1 - 14.9 MeV for reaction (a), 16.3 to 18.7 MeV for (b) and 13.3 to 15.0 (t₁) and 22.5 MeV (reaction (c)): see (1979AJ01). A recent measurement (reaction (c)) has been reported at E_n = 14.6 MeV (1987ZA01). See (1983BO1C) and (1984SH1P, 1984SH1R, 1985BO1D).

9. ⁹Be(n, α)⁶He Q_m = -0.598 E_b = 6.8120

The cross section for production of ⁶He shows a smooth rise to a broad maximum of 104 ± 7 mb at 3.0 MeV, followed by a gradual decrease to 70 mb at 4.4 MeV. From E_n = 3.9 to 8.6 MeV, the cross section decreases smoothly from 100 mb to 32 mb. Excitation functions have been measured for α₀ and α₁ for E_n = 12.2 to 18.0 MeV: see (1979AJ01) for references. See also (1983SH1J) and (1984SH1P, 1984SH1R).

10. ⁹Be(p, π⁺)¹⁰Be Q_m = -133.539

Angular distributions have been studied at E_p = 185 to 800 MeV [see (1984AJ01)] and at E_p = 650 MeV (1986HO23; to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37)). States at E_x = 6.07 ± 0.13, 7.39 ± 0.13, 9.31 ± 0.24, 11.76 MeV have also been populated. A_y measurements involving ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37) are reported at E_p = 200 to 250 MeV [see (1984AJ01)] and at 650 MeV (1986HO23).

11. ⁹Be(d, p)¹⁰Be Q_m = 4.5874

Angular distributions of proton groups have been studied at many energies in the range E_d = 0.15 to 17.3 MeV and at 698 MeV [see (1979AJ01, 1984AJ01)], as well as at E_d = 2.0 to 2.8 MeV (1984DE46, 1984AN16; p₀, p₁; also VAP) and E_d = 12.5 MeV (1987VA13; p₀, p₁). At E_d = 15 MeV S = 2.1, 0.23 (j_n = 3/2) and 0.12 (j_n = 1/2), ≤ 1.0, 0.065 (j_n = 5/2) and 0.132 (j_n = 1/2), for ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 6.26). The angular distributions show l_n = 1 transfer for ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.958, 7.54), l_n = 0 transfer for ¹⁰Be*(5.960, 6.26), l_n = 2 transfer for ¹⁰Be}*(7.37). ¹⁰Be*(6.18, 9.27, 9.4) are also populated, as are two states at E_x = 10.57 ± 0.03 and 11.76 ± 0.02 MeV. ¹⁰Be*(9.27, 9.4, 11.76) have Γ_c.m. = 150 ± 20, 291 ± 20 and 121 ± 10 keV. See (1979AJ01) for references.

Attempts to understand the γ-decay of ¹⁰Be*(5.96) and its population in ⁹Be(n, γ)¹⁰Be led to the discovery that it consisted of two states separated by 1.6 ± 0.5 keV. The lower of the two has J^π = 2⁺ and decays primarily by a cascade transition via ¹⁰Be*(3.37) [it is the state fed directly in the ⁹Be(n, γ) decay]; the higher state has J^π = 1^- and goes mainly by a crossover to ¹⁰Be(g.s.). Angular correlations measured with the γ-ray detector located normal to the reaction plane (equiv. to angular distributions) lead to l_n values consistent with the assignments of 2⁺ and 1^- for ¹⁰Be*(5.9584, 5.9599) obtained from the character of the γ-decay. ¹⁰Be*(6.18) decays primarily to ¹⁰Be*(3.37): E_γ = 219.4 ± 0.3 keV for the 6.18 → 5.96 transition. See Table 10.4 (in PDF or PS) for a listing of the information on radiative transitions obtained in this reaction and lifetime measurements. For (p, γ) correlations through ¹⁰Be*(3.37) see (1987VA13) and references in (1974AJ01). For polarization measurements see ¹¹B in (1990AJ01).

12. ⁹Be(α, ³He)¹⁰Be Q_m = -13.7658

Angular distributions have been studied at E_α = 65 MeV to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 6.26, 7.37, 7.54, 9.33, 11.88). DWBA analyses of these lead to spectroscopic factors which are in poor agreement with those reported in other reactions: see (1984AJ01).

13. (a) ⁹Be(⁷Li, ⁶Li)¹⁰Be Q_m = -0.438
(b) ⁹Be(⁹Be, ⁸Be)¹⁰Be Q_m = 5.1466

Angular distributions have been measured at E(⁷Li) = 34 MeV (reaction (a)) to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.4): S = 2.07 and 0.42 (p_1/2), 0.38 (p_3/2). See (1979AJ01). At E(⁹Be) = 20 MeV an angular distribution involving ⁸Be_g.s. + ¹⁰Be_g.s. has been measured: transitions to excited states of ¹⁰Be are very weak (1985JA09).

14. (a) ¹⁰Be(p, p)¹⁰Be
(b) ¹⁰Be(d, d)¹⁰Be

Angular distributions of the p₀ and p₁ groups have been measured at E_p = 12.0 to 16.0 MeV. The elastically scattered deuterons have been studied at E_d = 12.0 and 15.0 MeV: see (1974AJ01).

15. (a) ¹⁰B(γ, π⁺)¹⁰Be Q_m = -140.125
(b) ¹⁰B(e, e'π⁺)¹⁰Be Q_m = -140.125

Differential cross sections have been measured to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37) at E_γ =230 to 340 MeV [see (1984AJ01)] and at E_e = 185 MeV (1986YA07) and 200 MeV (1984BLZY). See also (1984AJ01).

16. ¹⁰B(μ^-, ν)¹⁰Be Q_m = 105.1031

Partial capture rates leading to the 2⁺ states ¹⁰Be*(3.37, 5.96) have been reported: see (1984AJ01).

17. ¹⁰B(π^-, γ)¹⁰Be Q_m = 139.012

The photon spectrum from stopped pions is dominated by peaks corresponding to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.4, 6.0, 7.5, 9.4), and branching ratios have been obtained. Those to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.4) are (2.02 ± 0.17)% and (4.65 ± 0.30)%, respectively [absolute branching ratio per stopped pion] (1986PE05). See (1979AJ01) for the earlier work.

18. (a) ¹⁰B(n, p)¹⁰Be Q_m = 0.2262
(b) ¹⁰B(d, 2p)¹⁰Be Q_m = -1.9983

Angular distributions [reaction (b)] are reported at E_d = 55 MeV to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 9.4): see (1984AJ01). See also (1987KW01; theor.). For reaction (a) see (1974AJ01) and (1987LA16) in ¹¹B (1990AJ01).

19. ¹¹Li(β^-)¹¹Be →¹⁰Be + n Q_m = 20.22

¹¹Li populates several states of ¹⁰Be, via delayed neutron emission. Gamma rays have been observed for the transitions 6.18 → 5.96, 6.18 → 3.37, 5.96 (unres.) → 3.37 and 3.37 → g.s. with I_γ = (0.95 ± 0.35), (1.65 ± 0.70), (3.5 ± 1.0) and (21 ± 6)%, respectively: see Table 11.2 (in PDF or PS) in (1985AJ01).

20. ¹¹B(γ, p)¹⁰Be Q_m = -11.2279

See (1984AL22) and ¹¹B in (1990AJ01). See also (1979AJ01).

21. ¹¹B(p, 2p)¹⁰Be Q_m = -11.2279

Structure is observed in the summed proton spectrum corresponding to Q = -10.9 ± 0.35, -14.7 ± 0.4, -21.1 ± 0.4, -35 ± 1 MeV: see (1974AJ01). See also (1985BE30, 1985DO16; prelim.).

22. ¹¹B(d, ³He)¹⁰Be Q_m = -5.7343

Angular distributions have been measured at E_d = 11.8 and 22 MeV to ¹⁰Be_g.s. [see (1974AJ01)] and at 52 MeV to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 9.60): S = 0.65, 2.03, 0.13, 1.19 (normalized to the theoretical value for the ground state); π = + for ¹⁰Be*(9.6): see (1979AJ01).

23. ¹¹B(¹¹B, ¹²C)¹⁰Be Q_m = 4.7293

See (1985PO02).

24. ¹²C(⁶Li, ⁸B)¹⁰Be Q_m = -21.442

At E(⁶Li) = 80 MeV, ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 7.54, (9.4), 11.8) are populated and the angular distribution to ¹⁰Be_g.s. has been measured: see (1979AJ01). See also (1982AL08, 1983AL20, 1985AL1G).

25. ¹³C(p, d2p)¹⁰Be Q_m = -29.9069

See (1987GIZZ) and ¹²C in (1990AJ01).

26. ¹⁴C(¹⁴C, ¹⁸O)¹⁰Be Q_m = -5.785

See (1985KO04).